MICROCOMPUTER SYSTEMS

1. Read and translate the following international words:

Decide, potential (a), version (n), adapter (n), interface (n), complex (a), plus (v), manipulate (v), base (n), discrete (a), ultraviolet (a), energy (a), accumulator (n), operand (n), initiate (v).

2. Translate the following adverbs. State the adjectives they are formed from:

Fully, fastly, generally, primarily, normally, physically, virtually, specifically, temporarily, logically, rarely, immediately.

3. Find Russian equivalents to the words given in the left column:

1. such as 1. действительно

2. in the same manner 2. так, чтобы

3. actually 3. определенный

4. nearly 4. вполне

5. so that 5. таким же образом

6. certain 6. такой как

7.access 7. почти

8. близкий

9. доступ

4. Translate the word combinations:

Data

Temporary

Current address

Datum limit REGISTER

Index

Shift

General-purpose

Instruction

5. Translate the following word combinations:

Easy serviceability, simplified version, microcomputer technology, small capacity, control circuitry, large-scale computer, enormous memory capacity, tiny unit, single circuit board, numbering systems, arithmetic function, temporary registers,

program counter, instruction decoder, sequence controllers, auxiliary memory, rarely altered data, permanent program data.

6. Find in each line the verb in Passive form:

1. a) process b) has processed c) has been processed

2. a) was placed b) was placing c) was to place

3. a) will maintain b) will be maintaining c) will be maintained

4. a) is using b) is being used c) is to use

5. a) executing b) is executed c) has

executed

7. Read and translate the text

TEXT A

Microcomputer systems are one of the most significant developments in industrial processing in the last decade. Benefits such as smaller equipment size, increased reliability, easy service ability and lower product cost are only a few major considerations to keep in mind. As a general rule, a microcomputer is quite complex when looked at it in its entirely. It has a microprocessor, memory, an interface adapter, and several distribution paths called buses.

Microcomputer technology has virtually revolutionized the industrial process field by providing small-capacity computer systems that can be built into instruments.

Microcomputers use decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal numbering systems.

Microprocessor is a primary control section of a computer, scaled down so that it fits on a single IC chip. The ALU part of the chip performs arithmetic function. Accumulators are temporary registers that store operands that are to be processed by ALU. Data registers are used to temporarily store the address of a memory location that are to be accessed for data. A program counter is used to

hold the address of the next instruction to be executed, program instruction decoders are used to decipher an instruction after it has been pulled from

memory. Sequence controllers maintain the logical order in which events are performed. Buses are a group of conductor paths that supply words to registers.

Most microcomputer systems employ auxiliary memory units to extend operating capabilities. Memory permits data to be accessed or retrieved. Read/write memory permits data to be placed or stored into specific memory cell and retrieve it later when it is needed. Read-only memory contains permanently stored or rarely altered data. Permanent program data is an example of ROM application. EPROM is erasable programmable read-only memory in which electrical energy or ultraviolet light is used to erase stored data.

There are certain functions that are basic to almost all microcomputer systems, such as timing, fetch and execute read memory, write memory, input/output transfer, and interrupt operations.

8. Give English equivalents of the following words and word combinations:

Потенциальные возможности, преимущества, надежность, крупномасштабные компьютеры, крошечный блок, объем памяти, отдельная электронная схема, шестнадцатеричная система, восьмеричная система, ценность, счетчик программ, ячейка памяти, операнд, дешифратор команд, вспомогательная память, оперативная память, ПЗУ, передача данных, прерывание.

9. Match the sentences according to the text:

1. A digital computer system has …… 1. thousands of components.

2. Microcomputer system is …… 2. the primary control section of a computer.

3. The potential capabilities of the microcomputer ….. 3. a tiny unit built on a chip.

4. Large-scale computers employ……… 4. temporarily store the address of a memory location

5. Microcomputers are designed to ………. 5. input/output unit, ALU, control circuitry and memory.

6. Radix of the system indicates ………… 6. have not been fully realized.

7. Microprocessor is …………. 7. handle specific applications similar to those of a those of a central computer.

8. Memory permits data ……………. 8. the number of discrete digits it uses.

9. Data registers are used to ………………….. 9. to be accessed or retrieved.

10. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the basic organization of a computer system?

2. What is an accumulator and function it performs?

3. What is the purpose of a data register?

4. What are the basic differences between read/write and ROM chips?

TEXT B

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