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ÇáÚáã ÕÝÉ ÞÇÆãÉ ááå ÈÐÇÊå

×èòàéòå òàêæå:
  1. ÅßÐÇ ßÇä Ãåá ÇáÚáã æåßÐÇ ßÇä Ãåá ÇáÞÑÂä æÃåá ÇáÍÏíË .
  2. ÇááÌäÉ ÇáÏÇÆãÉ ááÈÍæË ÇáÚáãíÉ æÇáÅÝÊÇÁ

(æóÞóæúáõåõ: { uqèdur ãLìÎ=yèø9$# ãLìÅ3ptø:$# ÇËÈ } ([68])¡ { uqèdur ÞOŠÅ3ptø:$# 玍Î7sƒø:$# ÇÊÈ ãNn=÷ètƒ $tB ßkÎ=tƒ ’Îû ÇÚö‘F{$# $tBur ßlãøƒs† $pk÷]ÏB $tBur ãAÍ”\tƒ šÆÏB Ïä!$yJ¡¡9$# $tBur ßlã÷ètƒ $pkŽÏù 4 } ([69])¡ {¼çny‰YÏãur ßxÏ?$xÿtB É=ø‹tóø9$# Ÿw!$ygßJn=÷ètƒ žwÎ) uqèd 4 ÞOn=÷ètƒur $tB †Îû ÎhŽy9ø9$# ̍óst7ø9$#ur 4 $tBur äÝà)ó¡n@ `ÏB >ps%u‘ur žwÎ) $ygßJn=÷ètƒ Ÿwur 7p6ym ’Îû ÏM»yJè=àß ÇÚö‘F{$# Ÿwur 5=ôÛu‘ Ÿwur C§Î/$tƒ žwÎ) ’Îû 5=»tGÏ. &ûüÎ7•B ÇÎÒÈ } ([70]) æóÞóæúáõåõ: { $tBur ã@ÏJøtrB ô`ÏB 4Ós\Ré& Ÿwur ßìŸÒs? žwÎ) ¾ÏmÏJù=ÏèÎ/ 4 } ([71])¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: { (#þqçHs>÷ètFÏ9 ¨br& ©!$# 4’n?tã Èe@ä. &äóÓx«ÖƒÏ‰s% ¨br&ur ©!$# ô‰s% xÞ%tnr& Èe@ä3Î/ >äóÓx«$RHø>Ïã ÇÊËÈ } ([72]).

æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÕöÝóÉñ áöáøóåö U ÈöåóÇ íõÏúÑóßõ ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáúãóÚúáõæãóÇÊö Úóáóì ãóÇ åöíó Èöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Úóáóíúåö ãöäúåóÇ ÔóíúÁñº ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ.

æóÝöíåóÇ ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÇÓúãöåö ÇáúÍóßöíãö¡ æóåõæó ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäó ÇáúÍößúãóÉö¡ æóãóÚúäóÇåõ: ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÞõæáõ æóáóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÞóÚõ ãöäúåõ ÚóÈóËñ æóáóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ãóÇ íóÎúáõÞõåõ Ãóæú íóÃúãõÑõ Èöåö Ýóåõæó ÊóÇÈöÚñ áöÍößúãóÊöåö.

æóÞöíáó: åõæó ãöäú ÝóÚöíáò ÈöãóÚúäóì ãõÝúÚöáò¡ æóãóÚúäóÇåõ: ÇáúãõÍúßöãõ áöáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö¡ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÍúßóÇãö: æóåõæó ÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÞóÚõ Ýöí ÎóáúÞöåö ÊóÝóÇæõÊñ æóáóÇ ÝõØõæÑñ¡ æóáóÇ íóÞóÚõ Ýöí ÊóÏúÈöíÑöåö Îóáóáñ Ãóæö ÇÖúØöÑóÇÈñ.

æóÝöíåóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÇÓúãöåö ÇáúÎóÈöíÑö¡ æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúÎöÈúÑóÉöº ÈöãóÚúäóì ßóãóÇáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóæõËõæÞöåö¡ æóÇáúÅöÍóÇØóÉö ÈöÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö¡ æóæõÕõæáö Úöáúãöåö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÎóÝöíó æóÏóÞøó ãöäó ÇáúÍöÓøöíøóÇÊö æóÇáúãóÚúäóæöíøóÇÊö.

æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÈóÚúÖó ãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö Úöáúãõåõº áöáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóáóì Ôõãõæáöåö æóÅöÍóÇØóÊöåö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÈúáõÛõåõ Úõáõæãõ ÎóáúÞöåö: ÝóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ: íóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ íóáöÌõº Ãóíú: íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäú ÍóÈøò æóÈöÐúÑò æóãöíóÇåò æóÍóÔóÑóÇÊò æóãóÚóÇÏöäó¡ æóãóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäúåóÇ ãöäú ÒóÑúÚò æóÃóÔúÌóÇÑò æóÚõíõæäò ÌóÇÑöíóÉò æóãóÚóÇÏöäó äóÇÝöÚóÉò ßóÐóáößó¡ æóãóÇ íóäúÒöáõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãöäú ËóáúÌò æóÃóãúØóÇÑò æóÕóæóÇÚöÞó æóãóáóÇÆößóÉò¡ æóãóÇ íóÚúÑõÌõº Ãóíú: íóÕúÚóÏõ (ÝöíåóÇ) ßóÐóáößó ãöäú ãóáóÇÆößóÉò æóÃóÚúãóÇáò æóØóíúÑò ÕóæóÇÝøó.. Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÚúáóãõåõ Ìóáøó ÔóÃúäõåõ.

æóÐóßóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäøó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãóÝóÇÊöÍõ ÇáúÛóíúÈö áóÇ íóÚúáóãõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ åõæó¡ æóãóÝóÇÊöÍõ ÇáúÛóíúÈöº Þöíáó: ÎóÒóÇÆöäõåõ¡ æóÞöíáó: ØõÑõÞõåõ æóÃóÓúÈóÇÈõåõ ÇáøóÊöí íõÊóæóÕøóáõ ÈöåóÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÌóãúÚõ ãöÝúÊóÍòº ÈößóÓúÑö Çáúãöíãö¡ Ãóæú ãöÝúÊóÇÍòº ÈöÍóÐúÝö íóÇÁö ãóÝóÇÚöíáó.

æóÞóÏú ÝóÓøóÑóåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ r ÈöÞóæúáöåö: { ãóÝóÇÊöíÍõ ÇáúÛóíúÈö ÎóãúÓñ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõåõäøó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÊáóÇ Þóæúáóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: { ¨bÎ) ©!$# ¼çny‰YÏã ãNù=Ïæ Ïptã$¡¡9$# Ú^Íi”t\ãƒur y]ø‹tóø9$# ÞOn=÷ètƒur $tB ’Îû ÏQ%tnö‘F{$# ($tBur “Í‘ô‰s? Ó§øÿtR #sŒ$¨B Ü=Å¡ò6s? #Y‰xî ($tBur “Í‘ô‰s? 6§øÿtR Äd“r'Î/ <Úö‘r& ßNqßJs? 4 ¨bÎ) ©!$# íOŠÎ=tæ 7ŽÎ6yz ÇÌÍÈ } ([73]).}


æóÞóÏú ÏóáøóÊö ÇáúÂíóÊóÇäö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÊóÇäö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÚóÇáöãñ ÈöÚöáúãò åõæó ÕöÝóÉñ áóåõ¡ ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöÐóÇÊöåöº ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó äóÝóæúÇ ÕöÝóÇÊöåö¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÚóÇáöãñ ÈöÐóÇÊöåö¡ æóÞóÇÏöÑñ ÈöÐóÇÊöåö.. ÅáΡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÝóÓøóÑó ÃóÓúãóÇÁóåõ ÈöãóÚóÇäò ÓóáúÈöíøóÉò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Úóáöíãñº ãóÚúäóÇåõ: áóÇ íóÌúåóáõ¡ æóÞóÇÏöÑñº ãóÚúäóÇåõ: áóÇ íóÚúÌöÒõ.. ÅáÎ.

æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÇÊõ ÍõÌøóÉñ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ Úóäú ÅöÍóÇØóÉö Úöáúãöåö ÈöÍóãúáö ßõáøö ÃõäúËóì æóæóÖúÚöåóÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÇáúßóíúÝöº ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑ Úóäú Úõãõæãö ÞõÏúÑóÊöåö¡ æóÊóÚóáøõÞöåóÇ Èößõáøö ãõãúßöäò¡ æóÚóäú ÅöÍóÇØóÉö Úöáúãöåö ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö.

æóãóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Çáúãóßøöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö (ÇáúÍöíÏóÉö) áöÈöÔúÑò ÇáúãóÑöíÓöíøö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáöíøö æóåõæó íõäóÇÙöÑõåõ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö: (Åöäøó Çááøóåó U áóãú íóãúÏóÍú Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ãóáóßðÇ ãõÞóÑøóÈðÇ æóáóÇ äóÈöíøðÇ ãõÑúÓóáðÇ æóáóÇ ãõÄúãöäðÇ ÊóÞöíøðÇ ÈöäóÝúíö ÇáúÌóåúáö Úóäúåõº áöíóÏõáøó Úóáóì ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÚöáúãö áóåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ãóÏóÍóåõãú ÈöÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÚöáúãö áóåõãú¡ ÝóäóÝóì ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÌóåúáó Úóäúåõãú.. Ýóãóäú ÃóËúÈóÊó ÇáúÚöáúãó äóÝóì ÇáúÌóåúáó¡ æóãóäú äóÝóì ÇáúÌóåúáó áóãú íõËúÈöÊö ÇáúÚöáúãó).

æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøõ Úóáóì Úöáúãöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäøóåõ íóÓúÊóÍöíáõ ÅöíúÌóÇÏõåõ ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁó ãóÚó ÇáúÌóåúáöº áöÃóäøó ÅöíÌóÇÏóåõ ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÈöÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉõ ÊóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÇáúãõÑóÇÏö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ: { Ÿwr& ãNn=÷ètƒ ô`tB t,n=y{ uqèdur ß#‹Ïܯ=9$# 玍Î7sƒø:$# ÇÊÍÈ } ([74]).

æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÍúßóÇãö æóÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäö æóÚóÌöíÈö ÇáÕøóäúÚóÉö æóÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÎöáúÞóÉö ãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ ÈöÚöáúãö ÇáúÝóÇÚöáö áóåóǺ áöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÕõÏõæÑö Ðóáößó Úóäú ÛóíúÑö Úöáúãò.

æóáöÃóäøó ãöäó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö ãóäú åõæó ÚóÇáöãñ¡ æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÕöÝóÉõ ßóãóÇáò¡ Ýóáóæú áóãú íóßõäö Çááøóåõ ÚóÇáöãðǺ áóßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö ãóäú åõæó Ãóßúãóáõ ãöäúåõ.

æóßõáøõ Úöáúãò Ýöí ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÏóåõ ãöäú ÎóÇáöÞöåö¡ æóæóÇåöÈõ ÇáúßóãÇáö ÃóÍóÞøõ Èöåö¡ æóÝóÇÞöÏõ ÇáÔøóíúÁö áóÇ íõÚúØöíåö.

æóÃóäúßóÑóÊö ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉõ Úöáúãóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøóåõ íóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁó Úóáóì æóÌúåò ßõáøöíøò ËóÇÈöÊò¡ æóÍóÞöíÞóÉõ Þóæúáöåöãú Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÔóíúÆðǺ ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö åõæó ÌõÒúÆöíøñ.

ßóãóÇ ÃóäúßóÑó ÇáúÛõáóÇÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö Úöáúãóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö ÍóÊøóì íóÚúãóáõæåóǺ ÊóæóåøõãðÇ ãöäúåõãú Ãóäøó Úöáúãóåõ ÈöåóÇ íõÝúÖöí Åöáóì ÇáúÌóÈúÑö¡ æóÞóæúáõåõãú ãóÚúáõæãõ ÇáúÈõØúáóÇäö ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÏúíóÇäö.


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Âñå ìàòåðèàëû ïðåäñòàâëåííûå íà ñàéòå èñêëþ÷èòåëüíî ñ öåëüþ îçíàêîìëåíèÿ ÷èòàòåëÿìè è íå ïðåñëåäóþò êîììåð÷åñêèõ öåëåé èëè íàðóøåíèå àâòîðñêèõ ïðàâ. Ñòóäàëë.Îðã (0.004 ñåê.)