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ÀâòîÀâòîìàòèçàöèÿÀðõèòåêòóðàÀñòðîíîìèÿÀóäèòÁèîëîãèÿÁóõãàëòåðèÿÂîåííîå äåëîÃåíåòèêàÃåîãðàôèÿÃåîëîãèÿÃîñóäàðñòâîÄîìÄðóãîåÆóðíàëèñòèêà è ÑÌÈÈçîáðåòàòåëüñòâîÈíîñòðàííûå ÿçûêèÈíôîðìàòèêàÈñêóññòâîÈñòîðèÿÊîìïüþòåðûÊóëèíàðèÿÊóëüòóðàËåêñèêîëîãèÿËèòåðàòóðàËîãèêàÌàðêåòèíãÌàòåìàòèêàÌàøèíîñòðîåíèåÌåäèöèíàÌåíåäæìåíòÌåòàëëû è ÑâàðêàÌåõàíèêàÌóçûêàÍàñåëåíèåÎáðàçîâàíèåÎõðàíà áåçîïàñíîñòè æèçíèÎõðàíà ÒðóäàÏåäàãîãèêàÏîëèòèêàÏðàâîÏðèáîðîñòðîåíèåÏðîãðàììèðîâàíèåÏðîèçâîäñòâîÏðîìûøëåííîñòüÏñèõîëîãèÿÐàäèîÐåãèëèÿÑâÿçüÑîöèîëîãèÿÑïîðòÑòàíäàðòèçàöèÿÑòðîèòåëüñòâîÒåõíîëîãèèÒîðãîâëÿÒóðèçìÔèçèêàÔèçèîëîãèÿÔèëîñîôèÿÔèíàíñûÕèìèÿÕîçÿéñòâîÖåííîîáðàçîâàíèå×åð÷åíèåÝêîëîãèÿÝêîíîìåòðèêàÝêîíîìèêàÝëåêòðîíèêàÞðèñïóíäåíêöèÿ
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(æóÊõÄúãöäõ ÇáúÝöÑúÞóÉõ ÇáäøóÇÌöíóÉõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö ÎóíúÑöåö æóÔóÑøöåö æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö Úóáóì ÏóÑóÌóÊóíúäöº ßõáøõ ÏóÑóÌóÉò ÊóÊóÖóãøóäõ ÔóíúÆóíúäö).
æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö ÎóíúÑöåö æóÔóÑøöåö ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóÑúßóÇäö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí íóÏõæÑõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ýóáóßõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäöº ßóãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÍóÏöíËõ ÌöÈúÑöíáó æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóßóãóÇ ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÂíóÇÊõ ÇáÕøóÑöíÍóÉõ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö Úóáóì ÏóÑóÌóÊóíúäö¡ æóÃóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÊóÊóÖóãøóäõ ÔóíúÆóíúäö:
(ÝóÇáÏøóÑóÌóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáöíãñ ÈöÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ æóåõãú ÚóÇãöáõæäó ÈöÚöáúãöåö ÇáúÞóÏöíãö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ãóæúÕõæÝñ Èöåö ÃóÒóáðÇ æóÃóÈóÏðÇ¡ æóÚóáöãó ÌóãöíÚó ÃóÍúæóÇáöåöãú ãöäó ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö æóÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí æóÇáúÃóÑúÒóÇÞö æóÇáúÂÌóÇáö¡ Ëõãøó ßóÊóÈó Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÇááøóæúÍö ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙö ãóÞóÇÏöíÑó ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ ÝóÃóæøóáõ ãóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÞóáóãó ÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÇßúÊõÈú¡ ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÃóßúÊõÈõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇßúÊõÈú ãóÇ åõæó ßóÇÆöäñ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáöÞúíóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó áóãú íóßõäú áöíõÎúØöÆóåõ¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÎúØóÃóåõ áóãú íóßõäú áöíõÕöíÈóåõ¡ ÌóÝøóÊö ÇáúÃóÞúáóÇãõ¡ æóØõæöíóÊö ÇáÕøõÍõÝõº ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: { óOs9r& öNn=÷ès? žcr& ©!$# ãNn=÷ètƒ $tB ’Îû Ïä!$yJ¡¡9$# ÇÚö‘F{$#ur 3 ¨bÎ) šÏ9ºsŒ ’Îû A=»tFÏ. 4 ¨bÎ) y7Ï9ºsŒ ’n?tã «!$# ׎šo„ ÇÐÉÈ } ([415])¡ æóÞóÇáó: {!$tB z>$|¹r& `ÏB 7pt6ŠÅÁ•B ’Îû ÇÚö‘F{$# Ÿwur þ’Îû öNä3Å¡àÿRr& žwÎ) ’Îû 5=»tGÅ2 `ÏiB È@ö6s% br&!$ydr&uŽö9¯R 4 ¨bÎ) šÏ9ºsŒ ’n?tã «!$# ׎šo„ ÇËËÈ } ([416]) æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõ áöÚöáúãöåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÌõãúáóÉð æóÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ: ÝóÞóÏú ßóÊóÈó Ýöí ÇááøóæúÍö ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙö ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÞó ÌóÓóÏó ÇáúÌóäöíäö ÞóÈúáó äóÝúÎö ÇáÑøõæÍö Ýöíåö ÈóÚóËó Åöáóíúåö ãóáóßðÇ¡ ÝóíõÄúãóÑõ ÈöÃóÑúÈóÚö ßóáöãóÇÊò¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÇßúÊõÈú: ÑöÒúÞóåõ¡ æóÃóÌóáóåõ¡ æóÚóãóáóåõ¡ æóÔóÞöíøñ Ãóãú ÓóÚöíÏñ¡ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ ÞóÏú ßóÇäó íõäúßöÑõåõ ÛõáóÇÉõ ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö ÞóÏöíãðÇ¡ æóãõäúßöÑõæåõ Çáúíóæúãó Þóáöíáñ.
ÝóÇáÏøóÑóÌóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÊóÊóÖóãøóäõ:
ÃóæøóáðÇ: ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöÚöáúãöåö ÇáúÞóÏöíãö ÇáúãõÍöíØö ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáöãó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúÞóÏöíãö ÇáúãóæúÕõæÝö Èöåö ÃóÒóáðÇ æóÃóÈóÏðÇ ßõáøó ãóÇ ÓóíóÚúãóáõåõ ÇáúÎóáúÞõ ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ¡ æóÚóáöãó Èöåö ÌóãöíÚó ÃóÍúæóÇáöåöãú ãöäó ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö æóÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí æóÇáúÃóÑúÒóÇÞö æóÇáúÂÌóÇáö.
Ýóßõáøõ ãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãöäú ÃóÚúíóÇäò æóÃóæúÕóÇÝò æóíóÞóÚõ ãöäú ÃóÝúÚóÇáò æóÃóÍúÏóÇËò Ýóåõæó ãõØóÇÈöÞñ áöãóÇ Úóáöãóåõ Çááøóåõ U ÃóÒóáðÇ.
ËóÇäöíðÇ: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ßóÊóÈó Ðóáößó ßõáøóåõ æóÓóÌøóáóåõ Ýöí ÇááøóæúÍö ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙö¡ ÝóãóÇ Úóáöãó Çááøóåõ ßóæúäóåõ æóæõÞõæÚóåõ ãöäú ãóÞóÇÏöíÑö ÇáúÎóáóÇÆöÞö æóÃóÕúäóÇÝö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÇÊö æóãóÇ íóÊúÈóÚõ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö æóÇáúÃóæúÕóÇÝö æóÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö æóÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö æóÌóáöíáöåóÇ ÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó ÇáúÞóáóãõ ÈößöÊóÇÈóÊöåöº ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó r { ÞóÏøóÑó Çááøóåõ ãóÞóÇÏöíÑó ÇáúÎóáóÇÆöÞö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÈöÎóãúÓöíäó ÃóáúÝó ÓóäóÉò¡ æóßóÇäó ÚóÑúÔõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö } ([417]).
æóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ: { Ãóäøó ([418]) Ãóæøóáó ãóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÞóáóãóº ÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÇßúÊõÈú¡ ÞóÇáó: æóãóÇ ÃóßúÊõÈõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇßúÊõÈú ãóÇ åõæó ßóÇÆöäñ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö }.
æó (Ãóæøóáó) åõäóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÕúÈö Úóáóì ÇáÙøóÑúÝöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÚóÇãöáõ Ýöíåö (ÞóÇáó)º Ãóíú: ÞóÇáó áóåõ Ðóáößó Ãóæøóáó ãóÇ ÎóáóÞóåõ.
æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó ÈöÇáÑøóÝúÚö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ãõÈúÊóÏóÃñ¡ æóÎóÈóÑõåõ ÇáúÞóáóãõ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÑúÔö æóÇáúÞóáóãöº ÃóíøõåõãóÇ ÎõáöÞó ÃóæøóáðÇ.
æóÍóßóì ÇáúÚóáøóÇãóÉõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÞóíøöãö Ýöí Ðóáößó Þóæúáóíúäö¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÑúÔó ãóÎúáõæÞñ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÞóáóãö¡ ÞóÇáó Ýöí (ÇáäøõæäöíøóÉö):
| ßõÊöÈó ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáÏøóíøóÇäö ÞóæúáóÇäö ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóáóÇ ÇáúåóãóÏóÇäöí æóÞúÊó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ßóÇäó ÐóÇ ÃóÑúßóÇäö ÅöíÌóÇÏóåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÝóÕúáö ÒóãóÇäö | æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ãõÎúÊóáöÝõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÞóáóãö ÇáøóÐöí åóáú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÚóÑúÔö Ãóæú åõæó ÈóÚúÏóåõ æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÑúÔó ÞóÈúáõ áöÃóäøóåõ æóßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÇáúÞóáóãö ÇáÔøóÑöíÝö ÊóÚóÞøóÈóÊú |
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóáóãõ ÞóÏú ÌóÑóì Èößõáøö ãóÇ åõæó ßóÇÆöäñ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö Èößõáøö ãóÇ íóÞóÚõ ãöäú ßóÇÆöäóÇÊò æóÃóÍúÏóÇËòº Ýóåõæó ãõØóÇÈöÞñ áöãóÇ ßõÊöÈó Ýöíåö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó áóãú íóßõäú áöíõÎúØöÆóåõ¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÎúØóÃóåõ áóãú íóßõäú áöíõÕöíÈóåõº ßóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõ áöáúÚöáúãö ÇáúÞóÏöíãö ÊóÇÑóÉð íóßõæäõ ÌõãúáóÉðº ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇááøóæúÍö ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙöº ÝóÅöäøó Ýöíåö ãóÞóÇÏöíÑó ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ æóíóßõæäõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ íóÎõÕøõ ßõáøó ÝóÑúÏòº ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßóáöãóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚö ÇáøóÊöí íõÄúãóÑõ Çáúãóáóßõ ÈößöÊóÇÈóÊöåóÇ ÚöäúÏó äóÝúÎö ÇáÑøõæÍö Ýöí ÇáúÌóäöíäöº íóßúÊõÈõ ÑöÒúÞóåõ¡ æóÃóÌóáóåõ¡ æóÚóãóáóåõ¡ æóÔóÞöíøñ Ãóãú ÓóÚöíÏñ.
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÊóÞúÏöíÑñ ÎóÇÕøñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ Úóáóì æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ÞóÏú ßóÇäó íõäúßöÑõåõ ÛõáóÇÉõ ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö ÞóÏöíãðǺ ãöËúáõ: ãóÚúÈóÏò ÇáúÌõåóäöíøö¡ æóÛóíúáóÇäó ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøö¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÃõäõÝñ.
æóãõäúßöÑõ åóÐöåö ÇáÏøóÑóÌóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÞóÏóÑö ßóÇÝöÑñº áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóäúßóÑó ãóÚúáõæãðÇ ãöäó ÇáÏøöíäö ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
(æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÏøóÑóÌóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõº Ýóåöíó ãóÔöíÆóÉõ Çááøóåö ÇáäøóÇÝöÐóÉõ¡ æóÞõÏúÑóÊõåõ ÇáÔøóÇãöáóÉõ¡ æóåõæó: ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöÃóäøó ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ßóÇäó¡ æóãóÇ áóãú íóÔóÃú áóãú íóßõäú¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäú ÍóÑóßóÉò æóáóÇ Óõßõæäòº ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÔöíÆóÉö Çááøóåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ãõáúßöåö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÑöíÏõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÞóÏöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÇÊö æóÇáúãóÚúÏõæãóÇÊö¡ ÝóãóÇ ãöäú ãóÎúáõæÞò Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ ÎóÇáöÞõåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ¡ áóÇ ÎóÇáöÞó ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÑóÈøó ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößóº ÝóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏó ÈöØóÇÚóÊöåö æóØóÇÚóÉö ÑõÓõáöåö¡ æóäóåóÇåõãú Úóäú ãóÚúÕöíóÊöåö.
æóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó æóÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó æóÇáúãõÞúÓöØöíäó¡ æóíóÑúÖóì Úóäö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö¡ æóáóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó¡ æóáóÇ íóÑúÖóì Úóäö ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞöíäó¡ æóáóÇ íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÇáúÝóÍúÔóÇÁö¡ æóáóÇ íóÑúÖóì áöÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáúßõÝúÑó¡ æóáóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏó.
Þóæúáõåõ: (æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÏøóÑóÌóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÏóÑö..) Åáκ Ýóåöíó ÊóÊóÖóãøóäõ ÔóíúÆóíúäö ÃóíúÖðÇ:
ÃóæøóáõåõãóÇ: ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöÚõãõæãö ãóÔöíÆóÊöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÃóäøó ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ßóÇäó æóãóÇ áóãú íóÔóÃú áóãú íóßõäú¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÞóÚõ Ýöí ãõáúßöåö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÑöíÏõ¡ æóÃóäøó ÃóÝúÚóÇáó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö ãöäó ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö æóÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí æóÇÞöÚóÉñ ÈöÊöáúßó ÇáúãóÔöíÆóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ ÚóäúåóÇ ßóÇÆöäñº ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóíóÑúÖóÇåõ Ãóãú áóÇ.
æóËóÇäöíåõãóÇ: ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöÃóäøó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö æóÇÞöÚóÉñ ÈöÞõÏúÑóÉö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÃóäøóåóÇ ãóÎúáõæÞóÉñ áóåõº áóÇ ÎóÇáöÞó áóåóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Ýöí Ðóáößó Èóíúäó ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö æóÛóíúÑöåóǺ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: { ª!$#ur ö/ä3s)n=s{ $tBur tbqè=yJ÷ès? ÇÒÏÈ } ([419]).
æóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö¡ æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ßóáøóÝó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏó¡ ÝóÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöØóÇÚóÊöåö æóØóÇÚóÉö ÑõÓõáöåö¡ æóäóåóÇåõãú Úóäú ãóÚúÕöíóÊöåö.
æóáóÇ ãõäóÇÝóÇÉó ÃóÕúáðÇ Èóíúäó ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó ãöäú Úõãõæãö ãóÔöíÆóÊöåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ áÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö æóÈóíúäó ÊóßúáöíÝöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏó ÈöãóÇ ÔóÇÁó ãöäú ÃóãúÑò æóäóåúíòº ÝóÅöäøó Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÔöíÆóÉó áóÇ ÊõäóÇÝöí ÍõÑøöíøóÉó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö æóÇÎúÊöíóÇÑóåõ áöáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÌóãóÚó Çááøóåõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÔöíÆóÊóíúäö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: { `yJÏ9 uä!$x© öNä3ZÏB br& tLìÉ)tGó¡o„ ÇËÑÈ $tBur tbrâä!$t±n@ HwÎ) br& uä!$t±o„ ª!$# >u‘ šúüÏJn=»yèø9$# ÇËÒÈ } ([420]).
ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÊóáóÇÒõãó Èóíúäó Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÔöíÆóÉö æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞö ÈöãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóíóÑúÖóÇåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú íóÔóÇÁõ Çááøóåõ ãóÇ áóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ¡ æóíõÍöÈøõ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ ßóæúäóåõ: ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ßóãóÔöíÆóÊöåö æõÌõæÏó ÅöÈúáöíÓó æóÌõäõæÏöåö.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ßóãóÍóÈøóÉö ÅöíãóÇäö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ æóØóÇÚóÇÊö ÇáúÝõÌøóÇÑö¡ æóÚóÏúáö ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó¡ æóÊóæúÈóÉö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞöíäó¡ æóáóæú ÔóÇÁó Ðóáößó áóæõÌöÏó ßõáøõåõº ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó ßóÇäó¡ æóãóÇ áóãú íóÔóÃú áóãú íóßõäú.
Ïîèñê ïî ñàéòó: