Additional vocabulary material

Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням

Спеціальність: Соціальна педагогіка

Drugs

More people are abusing drugs today than in any other time in history of mankind, and many of those people are youth. Understanding what drugs are is fundamental for understanding their potential abuse. Drugs are a psychoactive substance. A psychoactive substance is something that people take to change the way they feel, think or behave. Some of these substances are called drugs and others, like alcohol and tobacco, are considered dangerous, but are not called drugs. The term drug also covers a number of substances that must be used under medical supervision to treat illnesses.

I am going to talk about drugs as those man-made or naturally occurring substances used without medical supervision, basically to change the way a person feels, thinks or behaves.

In the past, most drugs were made from plants. That is, plants were grown and then converted into drugs such as coca paste, opium and marijuana. Over the years, these crude products were further processed to drugs like cocaine and heroin and finally, in the 20th century, people found out how to make drugs from chemicals.

These are called man-made or synthetic drugs and include ecstasy, LSD, etc. These were initially manufactured for largely experimental reasons and only later were used for recreational purposes. Now, however, with the increased size and scope of the drug trade, people set out to invent drugs especially for human consumption.

For the first time in human history, a whole industrial complex creates and produces drugs that are meant to be used for the sole purpose of «having fun.» People use drugs just to escape the reality, to have fun. The majority of them are young, even very young, who do not understand what might happen to them because of drugs.

Questions:

1. What is fundamental to understand the essence of drugs?

2. What are drugs?

3. What is a psychoactive substance?

4. What kind of drugs do you know?

5. What naturally occurring drugs do you know?

6. What synthetic drugs do you know?

7. Why do people use drugs?

Vocabulary:

to abuse — зловживати

drugs — наркотики

mankind — людство

youth — молодь

substance — речовина

to behave — поводитися, поступати, триматися

to consider — думати, вважати

dangerous — небезпечний

to cover — включати, містити

supervision — лікування, припис

to treat — лікувати

illness — хвороба

plants — рослини

crude — сирий

to find (past found, p.p. found) out — знайти, винайти

ecstasy — екстазі (наркотик, що викликає почуття ейфорії, широко вживаний на дискотеках)

LSD — скор. от lysergic acid diethylamide ЛСД (наркотик, що викликає галюцинації)

initially — у початковій стадії, спочатку

recreational — розважальний, такий, що відноситься до сфери розваг, відпочинку

purpose — призначення, намір, мета

to invent — винайти

consumption — споживання

to escape — йти від реальності, відключатися

majority — більшість

Граматичний матеріал: Повторення часів Perfect.

Past Perfect.

Past Perfect

Past Perfect виражає дію, яка здійснилася до іншої дії в минулому або до якогось моменту в минулому.

Утворення Past Perfect:

had + III форма основного дієслова в усіх особах

однини і множини

We had finished our work before you came yesterday.

They had finished their work by 5 o'clock yesterday.

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