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ВИВЧЕННЯ ТЕКСТУ ЗА ФАХОМ. ЩО МОЖЕ ЕЛЕКТРИКА
| Тема | "What can electricity do?". Професійні терміни, їх скорочення. |
| Граматика | неозначені часи, структура речення. Неозначені часи. |
| Самостійна робота № 4 | Технічний переклад та переказ тексту за фахом: «Електричні одиниці» Самостійний переклад газетної статті «Англійська мова – мова ХХІ століття». Вивчення нової лексики за текстом Складання анотації. Вивчення аннотації |
What Electricity Can Do
Before considering how to make an electric current, let us first glance at some of the things we can do with it when we have it. One effect, perhaps the one seen least often in everyday life, is a chemical effect called electrolysis. When a current is passed through a conducting liquid such as salt water, it splits up the water into the hydrogen and oxygen gases of which it is composed.
Another effect of electric current is that it heats the wire through which it is flowing. If a wire of the correct resistance is chosen it will glow red-hot when the current flows, and this heating effect is used in electric ovens, cookers, fires and irons. The same effect is used in an electric light bulb, which has a length of very thin wire called a filament which is made white hot by the current and emits light. The stronger the current and the higher the resistance it is forced through, the greater the heat produced.
A third effect of an electric current is the magnetic effect. This was discovered quite by chance in 1820 by the Dane Hans Oersted, who noticed that if a wire through which a current was brought near a magnetic compass, the needle swung away from its north-and-south direction. The French scientist Andre Ampere heard what Oersted had found and soon afterwards he published the laws relating electricity and magnetism.
If a coil is made by winding wire round a pencil, the coil will behave like a magnet when a current is passed through it. If an iron rod is pushed trough the centre of the coil, the effect is greatly increased. Electromagnets made in this way are used in industry for lifting heavy pieces of steel and they are also used inside the speakers of a television set or hi-fi; but perhaps their most important uses are in transformers and the machines called electric motors and dynamos.
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