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LAX, CENTRAL, OPEN, UNROUNDED DIPHTHONG
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(glide is back, closed)
/ aÙU /
▼ ▼
[ aÙU‾ ] [ aÙU˅ ]
bow bowk
The glide of RP / aÙU / begins at a point between the back and front open positions, slightly more fronted than the position for RP / A /, and moves in the direction of RP / U /, though the tongue may be raised higher than the half-close level. The glide is much more extensive than that used for / @ÙU / and is symmetrically opposed to the front glide of / aÙK /. The lips change from a neutrally open to a weakly rounded position.
| cloud rouse sound pound fowl loud – umlaut bow – bowk owl – out | ouch town stout allow shout ground – rout rows – roustabout astound – ounce |
DRILL 60
LAX, CENTRAL, HALF-OPEN, ROUNDED DIPHTHONG
/ @ÙU /
▼ ▼
[ @ÙU‾ ] [ @ÙU˅ ]
mode mote
The glide of RP / @ÙU / begins at a central position, between half-closed and half-open, and moves in the direction of RP /U/, there being a slight closing movement of the lower jaw; the lips are neutral for the first element, but have a tendency to round on the second element. The starting point may have a tongue position similar to that described for / Æ /.
| moan scope motive social blow smoke bone over | road - wrote bode - boat bold - bolt pose - post mode - mote appro - approach so - soap loaves – loaf |
DRILL 61
CONTRAST / Á / - / @ÙU /
| rod – road rob – robe nod - node doll – dole | hop - hope not - note sock - soak nob - noble |
DRILL 62
LAX, BACK, CLOSED, (glide is central and mid-open) ROUNDED DIPHTHONG
/ UÙ@ /
▼ ▼
[ UÙ@‾ ] [ UÙ@˅ ]
fuel fluent
RP / UÙ@ / glides from a tongue position similar to that used for / U / towards the more open type of / @ / which forms the end-point of all three centring diphthongs with a somewhat closer variety of [ @ ] when the diphthong occurs in a closed syllable. The lips are weakly rounded at the beginning of the glide, becoming neutrally spread as the glide progresses.
| moor fuel cure tourist February January assure secure | pleura contour the Urals Europe cruel - cruelty tour - tourist poor – poor-rate sure – assurance |
DRILL 63
LAX, BACK, OPEN(glide is front and closed),
ROUNDED DIPHTHONG
/ ÁÙK /
▼ ▼
[ ÁÙK‾ ] [ ÁÙK˅ ]
joy joint
For RP / ÁÙK / the tongue glide begins at a point between the back half-open and open positions and moves in the direction of / K /, generally not reaching a level closer than [ ë ]. The tongue movement extends from back to centralized front, but the range of closing in the glide is not as great as for / aÙK /; the jaw movement is considerable. The lips are open rounded for the first element, changing to neutral for the second.
| boy enjoy moist cloy employ annoy destroy | annoy - anoint joy - joint poise - point spoil - spoilt toil - toilsome void - voice noise – noisome |
DRILL 64
LAX, FRONT, HALF-OPEN, UNROUNDED TRIPHTHONG *
/ eKÙ@ /
▼ ▼
[ eKÙ@‾ ] [ eKÙ@˅ ]
prayer gaiety
* An English triphthong consists of 3 elements acoustically and graphically. The definition is traditionally given according to the articulatory characteristics of a triphthong nucleus i.e. a starting diphthong. So the descriptions coincide with those given above.
| crayon bayonet baobab Graham Mayonnaise Israel mayor (US) | layer* grayer* conveyer* abeyance* player* betrayal* slayer* |
DRILL 65
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