Balanced nutrition

Balanced nutrition

Balanced nutrition is one of the significant conditions providing optimal course of metabolism in organism necessary for normal functions of the all organs and systems, for providing of resistance of organism to action of infections and other unfavorable external factors. So, problem of nutrition is significant factor, which determine health. Study about balanced diet is theoretical base of diet-therapy, and the last one is composing part of complex treatment of many diseases.

Balanced nutrition

Social factors such as nutrition (50%), conditions of external surrounding (20%), heredity (20%) and public health service (10%) are significant in formation of health of human being. Among social factors nutrition occupies significant place, its part makes up 35%.

Nutrition is material base of life (metabolism) and determines interaction of organism with surroundings, supports constancy of internal medium of organism determining normal functions of organism, homeostasis. So, problem of nutrition is leading factor, which determine health.

Health is property of organism to adequately answer the influence of factors of external surrounding and quickly adapted for changing conditions of surrounding, to resist actions of unfavorable factors.

Not adequate nutrition is reason of line of diseases. According do data of WOPH about ½ of mortality among people in age till 65 years-old in Europe is cased by diseases promoted by incorrect nutrition.

Number of persons suffering from not infectious alimentary-depending diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (infarct, insult, atherosclerosis), diabetes, obesity, anemia, goiter, some types of cancer etc is increased in connection with change of life style of population.

Thankful to change of character of nutrition and life style the level of cardiovascular diseases is decreased approximately for 2/3 in USA.

Improvement of nutrition and guarding of products of nutrition from harmful contaminants is factor of prophylactic of many diseases and necessary condition for normal growth and development of children and increase of life interval.

Nutriciology studies the scientific bases of nutrition of healthy human being and at diseases. Achievements of nutriciology and connected with development of biochemistry, physiology and other medical disciplines.

Balanced nutrition is nutrition providing necessities of organism in energetic, plastic and necessary biologically active substances in concrete conditions of its vital activity. Balanced nutrition promotes keeping of health, normal growth and development of young organism, high capacity for work and resistance for action of harmful unfavorable factors including infections.

Balanced diet promotes timely providing of organism by the all necessary nutrients in optimal qualitative and quantitative interconnections accounting age, sex, character and conditions of work, ethnic and climatic features.

In balanced diet it is necessary to keep balance of energy, principle of balance of basic nutritive and biologically active substances in ration and regime of nutrition.

For practically healthy human being daily 2800-3000 kcal of the basic nutritive substance is necessary (proteins, fats and carbohydrates in correlation 1:1, 1:3.5-4.0; so 12-15% of daily calories is provided by proteins, 30-35% - by fats and about 50% - by carbohydrates. Passing of necessary balanced number of indispensable factors of nutrition: indispensable amino acids, poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), vitamins, macro- and microelements, lipotropic substances and nutritive fibres is significant.

For providing of coming in of these substances it is necessary to include into ration different sources of proteins of animal and plant origin in correlation 55:45 or 50:50, fats of animal and plant origin in correlation 2:1, carbohydrates must come as polysaccharides with limiting of simple carbohydrates.

Quantity and correlation of different nutrients can be changed depending on ethnic features, character of work and peculiarities of climate.

In modern developed countries the most frequent damage of nutrition are:

- high level of using of refined products with high energetic value in low biological value (sugar);

- using of fats in great quantity especially of animal origin containing great number of saturated fatty acids;

- deficient using of nutritive fibres, 1/3 of necessity in vitamins and microelements (Fe, I) and great using of NaCl.

Nutrition (also called nourishment or aliment) is the provision, to cells and organisms, of the materials necessary (in the form of food) to support life. Many common health problems can be prevented or alleviated with a healthy diet.

The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the perceived palatability of foods. Dietitians are health professionals who specialize in human nutrition, meal planning, economics, and preparation

A poor diet can have an injurious impact on health, causing deficiency diseases such as scurvy and kwashiorkor; health-threatening conditions like obesityand The human body contains chemical compounds, such as water, carbohydrates (sugar, starch, and fiber), amino acids (in proteins), fatty acids (in lipids), and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). These compounds in turn consist of elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium, manganese, and so on. All of these chemical compounds and elements occur in various forms and combinations (e.g. hormones, vitamins, phospholipids, hydroxyapatite), both in the human body and in the plant and animal organisms that humans eat.

The human body consists of elements and compounds ingested, digested, absorbed, and circulated through the bloodstream to feed the cells of the body. Except in the unborn fetus, the digestive system is the first system involved^{[ vague ]}. In a typical adult, about seven liters of digestive juices enter the lumen of the digestive tract.^{[ citation needed ][ clarification needed ]} These digestive juices break chemical bonds in ingested molecules, and modify their conformations and energy states. Though some molecules are absorbed into the bloodstream unchanged, digestive processes release them from the matrix of foods. Unabsorbed matter, along with some waste products of metabolism, is eliminated from the body in the feces.

metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis

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