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Complete the texts, bearing in mind all the studied words. The first letters of the necessary words are given to help you

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  1. A) Study the vocabulary for work and jobs. Match words and phrases from the left-side column with their Ukrainian equivalents.
  2. According to Leech the literary work of a particular author must be studied with reference to both—«dialect scale» and «register scale».
  3. Active Words
  4. Active Words
  5. Active Words
  6. Active Words
  7. Assimilation of loan words. Types of assimilation
  8. B) Complete the letter using words and phrases from the Useful Language box. The letter in brackets indicates which column you should check to find the correct word or phrase.
  9. C) Find adjectives in the first two texts which mean the following.
  10. Celtic loanwords
  11. Choose Your Words Carefully
  12. Compare the objects according to the given model.

1. My first p___ in the business world quite met my a___. I had all the

right q_____ for it. I was hired as a manager in a clothing factory. Unfortunately,

many of the workers were a_____ to be lazy. Breaches of discipline were

widespread. For example, employees often took off days from work for no good

reason. Also, they often ignored their assigned chores with no j. I was not

going to t___ such a situation. I had to a___ the problem.

My e_____ of the situation was that urgent measures were needed i_

changes mainly in the staff. In p____ of my о_____ I had to practise my

n____ and a____ s_____. Moreover I was determined that the state of affairs

be open to p____ s_____. I told the employees that they would have to make

up for each of the days which they missed. Those who a____ to work, and


their с____ to working hard, and who d____ themselves as better than

their colleagues would get a b

Many of my subordinates did not welcome these changes. Some were very angry, but none of them dared to tell me off. I had to overcome their opposition,

which r_____ great s_____. The changes occurred slowly, but I was full of

resolution to see my plans i_____. Finally the situation which had seemed so

f_____ at first became less of a burden. My first job was a success, although it

was с


_ of authority and power of s___ states to a multilateral agent forms. In one form it consists in f_____ the legal с_____ set the UN Charter, for example, UN members are under __ by peaceful means, to refrain from the threat or use

2. Thed_ can take v

by treaties. By a___

obligation to settle d offeree...

A second form of d____ of power and authority is a v____ action taken

by states i____ in an international d_____ or conflict. For instance, in all the

three wars fought in the M____ E_____ between Israel and the Arab states, the

states directly i____, which were members of the UN, eventually accepted the

e____ of the United Nations by giving consent to the d___ of UN

peacekeeping troops to the fighting areas.

A third form i_____ a formal request for UN action by one or more UN

member states or by the secretary-general. This is actually a request to the

m____ institution to employ the authority and power d____ to it by member

states through formal agreements. The member states that raise such requests are
also signatories of the agreements, though they may not be the parties directly
с____.

In any case, what matters most in both m____ diplomacy and nv____

institutions is the authority and power of s___ states.


Exercise 39 Complete the text,

diplomacy in the post-_• The institution of states in

As we approach the twenty-first century,__

Cold War United Nations faces some difficult
diplomacy, the____ of the international community from 51

1945 to 190 today, and the increase of

_ issues on the diplomatic agenda,
must now find its place in a world where the parameters of the international
political environment have____.


____ diplomacy _____ the art of building and managing coalitions

before, during, and after_____ on a particular i_____. In complex and lengthy

_____ such as those_______ in drafting the UN Convention on the Law of the

Sea, coalitions must often be formed not only between nation but also within

nations. One of the principal_____ for those wanting to pass a resolution is to

design the_____ in such way that they encourage the creation of coalitions

____ the agreement and minimize the possibility of coalitions opposing it.

Ambassadors____ that______ and_____ skills are the_______ activities of

_____ diplomacy.

Exercise 40


1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |

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