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Continuous Tenses

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To be

Affirmative Interrogative Negative
I am   Am I   I am    
He   a traveller.   he a traveller? He      
She is   Is she   She is   a traveller.
It       it   It   not  
We       we   We      
You are travellers. Are you travellers? You are   travellers.
They       they   They      

 

To have

Affirmative Interrogative Negative
I have   Do I     I do    
He       he     He      
She has a belt. Does she   a belt? She does   a belt.
It       it have   It   not have  
We       we you they     We      
You have belts. Do   belts? You do   belts.
They           They      

Possessive Case

 

The possessive case is formed by means of

a) ‘s with singular nouns and plural nouns not ending in - s

a man ’s job, the butcher ’s shop, a child ’s voice

men ’s work, women ’s clothes, the children ’s room

 

b) ‘ (apostrophe) with plural nouns ending in - s

a girls ’ school, the students ’ hostel, the Smiths ’ car

 

The possessive case is chiefly used of

a) people, countries, animals, ships, boats, in time expressions, in expressions of

money + worth, with for + noun + sake, etc.

the ship ’s bell, a week ’s holiday, today ’s paper, ten dollars ’ worth of books, one pound ’s worth of stamps, for heaven ’s sake, a stone ’s throw, journey ’s end

b) planes, trains, cars and other vehicles though here the of construction is safer

the train ’s heating system or the heating system of the train

 

 

Verb

 

Transitive verbs (verbs that take a direct object) may have four forms of the Infinitive in the Active Voice: Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect and Perfect Continuous.

 

Infinitive Active
Indefinite to ask
Continuous to be asking
Perfect to have asked
Perfect Continuous to have been asking

There are as many groups of tenses in the English language as there are infinitives. In the Active Voice there are four tense groups: Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect andPerfect Continuous. Each of them has such tenses as Present, Past, Future and Future-in-the Past.

Tenses

 

Active Voice
Indefinite Present The Indefinite tenses denote a customary repeated action in the present, past or future.
  Past
  Future  
  Future-in-the Past  
Continuous Present The Continuous tenses give the idea that an action is in progress during a particular present, past or future moment.
  Past
  Future
  Future-in-the Past  
Perfect Present The Perfect tenses give the idea that one thing happens before another time or event in the present, past or future.
  Past
  Future
  Future-in-the Past  
Perfect Continuous Present The Perfect Continuous tenses give the idea that one event is in progress immediately before, up to, until another time or event in the present, past or future.
Past
  Future
  Future-in-the Past

 

Continuous Tenses

  Present Past Future
1. Affirmative form
  I am   I     I shall  
  He     He     He    
  She is   She was   She will be
  It   working It   working It   working
  We     We     We shall  
  You are   You were   You will  
  They     They     They    
2. Interrogative form
  Am I     I   Shall I  
    he   Was he     he  
  Is she     she   Will she be
    it working?   it working?   it working?
    we     we   Shall we  
  Are you   Were you   Will you they  
    they     they      
3. Negative form
  I am   I     I shan’t  
  He     he     He    
  She is not she was not She won’t be
  It   working. it   working. It   working.
  We     we     We shan’t  
  You are   you were   You won’t  
  They     they     They    
                                           

 

 

Perfect Tenses

  Present Past Future
1. Affirmative form
  I have   I     I shall  
  He     He     He    
  She has   She     She will have
  It   worked. It had worked. It   worked.
  We     We     We shall  
  You have   You     You will  
  They     They     They    
2. Interrogative form
  Have I     I   Shall I  
    he     he     he  
  Has she     she   Will she have
    it worked? Had it worked?   it worked?
    we     we   Shall we  
  Have you     you   Will you they  
    they     they      
3. Negative form
  I haven’t   I   I shan’t  
  He     He   He    
  She hasn’t worked. She hadn’t She won’t have
  It     It worked. It   worked.
  We     We   We shan’t  
  You haven’t   You   You won’t  
  They     They   They    
                                     

 


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