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This/ that/ these/ those
Athis (singular) Do you like this picture? (this picture = this picture here)
these (plural) These flowers are for you. (these flowers = these flowers here)
that (singular) Do you like that picture? (that picture = that picture there)
those (plural) Who are those people? (those people = those people there)
B We use this/ that/ these/ those with a noun (this picture/ that girl etc.) or without a noun:
with a noun • This hotel is expensive but it’s very nice.
• “Who’s that girl?” “I don’t know.”
• Do you like these shoes? I bought them last week.
• Those apples look nice. Can I have one?
without a noun • This is a nice hotel but it’s very expensive.
• “Excuse me, is this your bag?” “Oh yes, thank you.”
• Who’s that? (= Who is that person?)
• Which shoes do you like most? These or those?
C that = something that has happened
• “I’m sorry I forgot to phone you.” “That’s’ all right.”
• That was a really nice meal. Thank you very much.
that = what somebody has just said:
• “You are a teacher, aren’t you?” “Yes, that’s right.”
• “Martin has got a new job.” “Has he? I didn’t know that.”
• “I’m going on holiday next week.” “Oh, that’s nice.”
D We use this is … and is that …? On the telephone:
• Hello, this is David. (this = the speaker)
• Is that Sarah? (that = the other person)
We use this is … to introduce people:
• A: Brian, this is Chris.
B: Hello, Chris – pleased to meet you.
C: Hello.
Exercises.
1. Complete the sentences with this is or that’s or that.
1) A: I’m sorry I’m late.
B: _______ all right.
2) A: I can’t come to the party tomorrow.
B: Oh, _______ a pity. Why not?
3) (on the phone) Sue: Hello, Ann. _______ Sue,
Ann: Oh, hello, Sue. How are you?
4) A: You’re lazy.
B: _______ not true!
5) A: Jill plays the piano very well.
B: Really? I didn’t know _______
6) Mark meets Paul’s sister (Ann):
Paul: Mark, _______ my sister, Ann.
Mark: Hello, Ann.
7) A: I’m sorry I was angry yesterday.
B: _______ OK. Forget it!
8) A: You are a friend of John’s, aren’t you?
B: Yes. _______ right.
One/ ones
A one = a …
• These chocolates are nice. Would you like one?
• I need a pen/ Have you got one?
• A: Is there a bank near here?
B: Yes, there’s one at the end of this street.
Bone and ones
| one (singular) A: I need a hat. B: Which one do you want? A: This one. (Which one? = Which hat?) this one/ that one • Which car is yours? This one or that one? (= this car or that car) the one … • A: Which hotel did you stay at? B: The one opposite the station. the … one • I don’t like the black coat but I like the brown one. • Don’t buy that camera. Buy the other one. a/ an … one • The cup is dirty. Can I have a clean one? • That biscuit was nice. I’m going to have another one. | ones (plural) A: I’d like to buy some flowers. B: Which ones do you want? A: The white ones. (Which ones? = Which flowers?) these/ those (usually without ‘ones’): • Which flowers do you want? These or those? that ones … • A: Which keys are yours? B: The ones on the table. the … ones • I don’t like the red shoes but I like the green ones. • Don’t buy those apples. Buy the other ones. some … ones • These cups are dirty. Can we have some clean ones? • My shoes are very old. I’m going to buy some new ones. |
Exercises.
1. A asks B some questions. Use the information in the box to write B’s answers. Use one (not ‘a/an…’) in the answers.
| B doesn’t need a car there’s a chemist in Mill Road B hasn’t got a pen | B has just had a cup of coffee B is going to buy a bicycle B hasn’t got an umbrella |
1) A: Can you lend me a pen? B: I’m sorry. I haven’t got _________
2) A: Would you like to have a car? B: No, I don’t ___________________
3) A: Have you got a bicycle? B: No, but ______________________
4) A: Can you lend me an umbrella? B: I’m sorry but _________________
5) A: Would you like a cup of coffee? B: No, thank you. ________________
6) A: Is there a chemist near here? B: Yes, ________________________
2. Complete the sentences. Use a/ an … one. Use the words in the list.
better/ big/ clean/ different/ new/ old
1) This cup is dirty. Can I have ______________________________?
2) I’m going to sell my car and buy ___________________________?
3) That’s not a very good photograph but this is ___________________
4) I want today’s newspaper. This is _____________________________
5) This box is too small. I need __________________________________
6) Why do we always go to the same restaurant? Let’s go to _____________
3. Use the information in the box to complete these conversations. Use one/ ones.
| the coat is black I took the photographs on the beach last week the girl is tall with long hair the shoes are green the hotel is opposite the station the pictures are on the wall the house has got a red door the books are on the top shelf the flowers are yellow the man has got a moustache and glasses |
1) A: We stayed at a hotel. 6) A: Are those your book?
B: Which one? B: _________________________?
A: The one opposite the station. A: _________________________
2) A: Those shoes are nice. 7) A: Do you know this girl?
B: _______________________ B: _________________________
A: _______________________ A: _________________________
3) A: That’s a nice house. 8) A: Those flowers are beautiful.
B: ________________________? B: _________________________?
A: __________ with __________ A: _________________________
4) A: I like that coat. 9) A: Who’s that man?
B: _________________________? B: _________________________?
A: _________________________ A: __________________________
5) A: I like those picture. 10) A: Have you seen my photographs?
B: _______________________? B: __________________________?
A: _______________________ A: ___________________________
some and any
A someany
Use some in positive sentences: Use any in negative sentences:
• I’ve got some money. • I haven’t got any money.
• I’m going to buy some clothes. • I’m not going to buy any clothes.
• There’s some ice in the fridge. • There isn’t any orange juice in the fridge.
• We did some exercises. • We didn’t do any exercises.
Bany and some in questions
In most questions (but not all) we use any:
• Is there any ice in the fridge?
• Has he got any friends?
• Do you need any help?
We normally use some (not any) when we offer things (Would you like …?)
• A: Would you like some coffee?
B: Yes, please.
or when we ask for things (Can I have …? etc.):
• A: Can I have some soup, please?
B: Yes. Help yourself.
• A: Can you lend me some money?
B: Sure. How much do you need?
C some and any without a noun
• I didn’t take any photographs but Ann took some. (= some photographs)
• You can have some coffee but I don’t want any. (= any coffee)
• I’ve just made some coffee. Would you like some? (= some coffee)
• “Where’s your luggage?” “I haven’t got any.” (= any luggage)
• “Are there any biscuits?” “Yes, there are some in the kitchen.” (= some biscuits)
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