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The oldest the most expensive
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×èòàéòå òàêæå: |
A • Box B is bigger than Box B.
• Box A is bigger than all the other boxes.
• Box A is the biggest box.
• The Europa Hotel is more expensive than the Grand.
• The Europa Hotel is more expensive than all the other hotels in the town.
• The Europa Hotel is the most expensive hotel in the town.
Bigger/ older/ more expensive etc. are comparative forms.
Biggest/ oldest/ most expensive etc. are superlative forms.
B The superlative form is - est (oldest) or most … (most expensive)
| Short words (old, cheap/ nice etc.) → the - est: old → the oldest cheap → the cheapest nice → the nicest but good → the best bad → the worst spelling big → the biggest hot → the hottest |
| Words ending in - y (easy/ heavy etc.) → the - iest: easy → the easiest heavy → the heaviest pretty → the prettiest |
| Long words (careful/ expensive/ interesting etc.) → themost … careful → the most careful interesting → the most interesting |
C We say: the oldest…/ the most expensive … etc. (with the):
• The church is very old. It’s the oldest building in the town.
(= it is older than all the other buildings)
• What is the longest river in the world?
• Money is important but it isn’t the most important thing in life.
• Excuse me, where is the nearest bank?
D You can use the oldest/ the best/ the most expensive etc. without a noun:
• Ken is a good player but he isn’t the best in the team. (the best = the best player)
E superlative + I’ve ever … / you’ve ever … etc.
• The film was very bad. I think it’s the worst film I’ve ever seen.
• What is the most unusual thing you’ve ever done?
Exercises.
1. Complete the sentences, Use a superlative (the oldest etc.).
1) This building is very old. It’s _______________________ in the town.
2) It was a very happy day. It was ______________________ of my life.
3) It’s a very good film. It’s _________________________ I’ve ever seen.
4) She’s a very popular singer. She’s ____________________ in the country.
5) It was a very bad mistake. It was ____________________ I’ve ever made.
6) It’s a very pretty village. It’s _______________________ I’ve ever seen.
7) It was a very cold day. IT was ______________________ of the year.
8) He’s a very boring person. He’s _____________________ I’ve ever met.
2. Write sentences with a superlative (the longest etc.).
| Sydney Brazil Everest Jupiter Alaska the Nile | large long high | country planet city state river mountain | the USA the solar system Africa South America the world Australia |
1) Sydney is the largest city in Australia.
2) Everest ____________________________________________________
3) ___________________________________________________________
4) ___________________________________________________________
5) ___________________________________________________________
6) ___________________________________________________________
enough
A • She can’t buy a sandwich. She hasn’t enough money.
• He can’t reach the shelf. He isn’t tall enough.
B enough + noun (enough money/ enough people etc.)
• “Is there enough sugar in your coffee?” “Yes, thank you.”
• We wanted to play football but we didn’t have enough players.
• Why don’t you buy a car? You’ve got enough money.
enough without a noun:
• I’ve got some money but not enough to buy a car.
(= I need more money to buy a car.)
• “Would you like some more to eat?” “No, thanks. I’ve had enough.”
• You’re always at home. You don’t go out enough.
C adjective + enough (good enough/ tall enough etc.)
• “Shall we sit outside?” “No, it isn’t warm enough.”
• Can you hear the radio? Is it loud enough for you?
• Don’t buy the coat. It’s nice but it isn’t long enough.
Remember:
enough + noun but adjective + enough
enough money tall enough
enough time good enough
enough people old enough
D We say:
| enoughfor (somebody/ something) | • This pullover isn’t big enough for me. • I haven’t got enough money for a car. |
| enoughto (do something) | • I haven’t got enough money to buy a car. • Is your English good enough to have a conversation? |
| enoughfor (somebody/ something) to (do something) | • There aren’t enough chairs for everybody to sit down. |
Exercises.
1. Complete the sentences. Use enough with one of these words:
big/ eat/ fruit/ loud/ old/ practice/ sugar/ time/ tired
1) “Is there _______________ in your coffee?” “Yes, thank you.”
2) Can you hear the radio? Is it ___________ for you?
3) He can leave school if he wants – he’s ____________________
4) Did you have ____________ to answer all the questions in the exam?
5) This house isn’t _________________ for a large family.
6) Tina is very thin. She doesn’t ________________________
7) You don’t eat _______________. You should eat more – it’s good for you.
8) It’s late but I don’t want to go to bed now. I’m not ________________
9) Lisa isn’t a very good tennis player because she doesn’t _______________
2. Complete the sentences. Use enough with the words in brackets.
1) We haven’t got ________________ car. (money/ buy)
2) This knife isn’t _______________ tomatoes. (sharp/ cut)
3) The water wasn’t _________________ a bath. (warm/ have)
4) Have we got ____________________ sandwiches? (bread/ make)
5) We played well but not _____________ the game. (well/ win)
6) I don’t have ___________________ newspapers. (time/ read)
Too
A • His shoes are too big for him. • There is too much sugar in my tea.
B too + adjective/ adverb (too big/ too hard etc.)
• Can you turn the radio down? It’s too loud. (= louder than I want)
• I can’t work. I’ too tired.
• I think you work too hard.
C too much/ too many = more than you want, more than is good:
• I don’t like the weather here. There is too much rain. (= more rain than is good)
• Let’s go to another restaurant. There are too many people here.
• Emily studies all the time. I think she studies too much.
• Traffic is a problem in this town. There are too many cars.
D Compare too and notenough:
| • The hat is too big for him. • The radio is too loud. Can you turn it down, please? • There’s too much sugar in my coffee. (= more sugar than I want) • I don’t feel very well. I ate too much. | • The hat isn’t big enough for him. (= it’s too small) • The radio isn’t loud enough. Can you turn it up? • There’s not enough sugar in my coffee. (= I need more sugar) • You’re very thin. You don’t eat enough. |
E We say:
| too … for (somebody/ something) | • These shoes are too big for me. • It’s a small house – too small for a large family. |
| too … to (do something) | • I’m too tired to go out. • It’s too cold to sit outside. |
| too … for (somebody/ something) to (do something) | • She speaks too fast for me to understand. |
Exercises.
1. Put in too/ too much/ too many/ enough.
1) You’re always at home. You don’t go out ___________________
2) I don’t like the weather here. There’s _________________ rain.
3) I can’t wait for them. I haven’t got ______________ time.
4) There was nowhere to sit on the beach. There were _________ people.
5) You’re always tired. I think you work ___________ hard.
6) “Did you have __________ eat?” “Yes, thank you.”
7) You drink __________ coffee. It’s not good for you.
8) You don’t eat __________ vegetables. You should eat more.
9) I don’t like the weather here. It’s _____________ cold.
10) Our team didn’t play well. We made _______________ mistakes.
11) “Would you like some milk in your tea?” “Yes, but not ___________”
2. Complete the sentences. Use too or enough with the words in brackets.
1) I couldn’t work. I ___________________ (tired)
2) Can you turn the radio up, please? It _______________ (loud)
3) I don’t want to walk home. It’s ____________________ (far)
4) Don’t buy anything in that shop. It _________________ (expensive)
5) You can’t put all your things in this bag. It ___________ (big)
6) I couldn’t do the exercise. It ______________________ (difficult)
7) Your work needs to be better. It ___________________ (good)
8) I can’t talk to you now. I _________________________ (busy)
9) I thought the film was boring. It ___________________ (long)
3. Complete the sentences. Use too (+ adjectives) + to (do something).
1) I’m not going/ cold It’s____________________
2) I’m not going to bed/ early It’s ____________________
3) they’re not getting married/ young They’re __________________
4) nobody goes out at night/ dangerous It’s _____________________
5) don’t phone Ann now/ late It’s _______________________
6) I didn’t say anything/ surprised I was _______________________
He speaks English very well. (word order 1)
A verb + object
Sue reads a newspaper every day.
↓ ↓ ↓
subject verb object
The verb (reads) and the object (a newspaper) are usually together. We say:
• She reads a newspaper every day.
| verb + object He speaks English very well. I like Italian food very much. Did you watch television all evening? We invited a lot of people to the party. Paul often wears a black hat. I opened the door quietly. Why do you always make the same mistake? I’m going to borrow some money from the bank. |
B place and time
We went to a party last night.
↓ ↓
place time
Place (to a party) is usually before time (last night). We say:
• We went to a party last night.
| place (where?) time (when? How long? How often?) Liz walks to work every day. Will you be at home this evening? I usually go to bed early. We arrived at the airport at 7 o’clock. They’ve lived in the same house for 20 years. Jim’s father has been in hospital since June. |
Exercises.
1. Right or wrong? Correct the sentences that are wrong.
1) Did you watch all evening television. __________________________
2) She reads a newspaper every day. __________________________
3) I like very much this picture. __________________________
4) Tom started last week his new job. __________________________
5) I want to speak English fluently. __________________________
6) Jane bought for her friend a present. __________________________
7) I drink every day three cups of coffee. __________________________
8) Don’t eat your dinner too quickly! __________________________
9) I borrowed from my brother fifty pounds. __________________________
2. Put the words in order.
1) the door/ opened/ I/ quickly ___________________________
2) two letters/ I/ this morning/ wrote ___________________________
3) passed/ Paul/ easily/ the exam ___________________________
4) Ann/ very well/ French/ doesn’t speak ___________________________
5) a lot of work/ did/ I/ yesterday ___________________________
6) London/ do you know/ well? __________________________
7) we/ enjoyed/ very much/ the party __________________________
8) the problem/ carefully/ I/ explained __________________________
9) we/ at the airport/ some friends/ met __________________________
10) did you buy/ in England/ that jacket? __________________________
11) every day/ do/ the same thing/ we __________________________
12) football/ don’t like/ very much/ I __________________________
3. Put the words in order.
1) to work/ every day/ walks/ Liz
___________________________________________________________
2) at the hotel/ I/ early/ arrived
_________________________________________________________________
3) goes/ every year/ to Italy/ Julia
________________________________________________________________
4) we/ since 1988/ here/ have lived
__________________________________________________________________
5) in London/ Sue/ in 1960/ was born
_________________________________________________________________
6) didn’t go/ yesterday/ Paul/ to work
_________________________________________________________________
7) to the bank/ yesterday afternoon/ went/ Ann
__________________________________________________________________
8) I/ in bed/ this morning/ my breakfast/ had
_________________________________________________________________
9) in October/ Barbara/ to university/ is going
_________________________________________________________________
10) I/ a beautiful bird/ this morning/ in the garden/ saw
________________________________________________________________
11) many times/ have been/ my parents/ to the United States
__________________________________________________________________
12) my umbrella/ I/ last night/ left/ in the restaurant
________________________________________________________________
13) to the cinema/ tomorrow evening/ are you going?
_________________________________________________________________
14) the children/ I/ took/ this morning/ to school?
_________________________________________________________________
always/ usually/ often etc. (word order 2)
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