Notes on the Text

1. to keep in check – сдерживать

2. BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion) – взрыв в результате расширения поров легкокипящей жидкости

3. LP gas (liquefied petroleum gas) – сжижженный нефтяной газ

4. gallon – галлон (в США = 3,79 л.; в Англии = 4,55 л.)

Active Vocabulary

avert v - предотвращать

capacity n - пропускная способность

compress v - сжимать

escape v - вытекать, просачиваться

evidence n - доказательство, свидетельство

fail v - разрушиться, выйти из строя

flux n - поток, течение

ignition n - воспламенение

impinge (on) v - сталкиваться, ударяться

install v - устанавливать, монтировать

internal a - внутренний

precede v - предшествовать

propel v - приводить в движение, продвигать вперёд

range n - пределы, диапазон

reduce v - понижать, ослаблять, уменьшать

resemble v - иметь сходство

spectacular a - эффективный

spray n - брызги, водяная пыль

subject (to) v - подвергать, подчинять

to be subject to - подчиняться, подвергаться

tank n - цистерна, резервуар

tank car n - вагон-цистерна

within prep - в пределах, внутри

Exercises

I. Practise the following for pronunciation:

simultaneously, enough, sufficiently, guarantee, fusible, install, failure, impinge, spectacular, relief, lose, avert.

II. Read the international words:

absorb, separately, cylinder, container, rocket, concentration, mixture, contact, guarantee.

III. Form the adjectives from the adverbs. Translate the words:

separately – especially –

simultaneously – rapidly –

sufficiently – violently –

possibly – commonly –

IV. Give the opposite meaning of the following words with the help of prefixes. Translate the words:

increase – legal –

accuracy – responsible –

possible – active –

to order – to agree –

V. Write the missing words:

to compress............................. compression

.......................... condenser........................….

to expand....................................................….

.......................... evaporator........................….

...................................................... pressure

...................................................... ignition

to boil....................................................….

VI. Match the synonyms:

a) flux, mixture, hazard, to confine, to increase, sufficiently, leak, rapid, to avert, to install

b) to limit, to build up, hole, to fix, flow, to avoid, quick, danger, effectively, compound.

VII. Match the equivalents:

a) to expand, violently, to fail, to propel, to release, to explode, to supply

b) to burst, to move forward, to let go, to grow large, to provide, strongly and quickly, break down.

VIII. Rewrite the sentences, using on...ing in place of the " when " clauses:

1. When it is heated, water evaporates.

2. When it is cooled, water vapour condenses.

3. Air rises when it is heated.

4. When it meets a body of cold air, the water vapour in the atmosphere condences.

5. When it boils, water readily gives off water vapour.

IX. Choose the correct words and translate the sentences:

a) escaping d) release f) definite

b) liquefy e) reach g) reduce

c) control

1. A safety valve … the excess of steam and … the pressure.

2. The noise of … steam draws attention to the fact that the boiler pressure is too high.

3. If the substance is in enclosed space, the pressure of the vapour will … a maximum that depends only upon the nature of the substance and the temperature.

4. A gas can be … by pressure only.

5. A valve is used for … the flow of a liquid or gas.

6. Gas has no … shape or volume.

X. Replace each dash with noun formed from the verb given:

1. The – of water vapour. (condense)

2. The – of metals. (expand)

3. The – of water. (press)

4. The – of droplets. (form)

5. The – in state. (differ)

6. The – of the city. (destroy)

7. The – of experiments. (observe)

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