Diplomacy and espionage

Diplomacy is closely linked to espionage or gathering of intelligence. Embassies are bases for both diplomats and spies, and some diplomats are essentially openly-acknowledged spies. For instance, the job of military attachés includes learning as much as possible about the military of the nation to which they are assigned. They do not try to hide this role and, as such, are only invited to events allowed by their hosts, such as military parades or air shows. There are also deep-cover spies operating in many embassies. These individuals are given fake positions at the embassy, but their main task is to illegally gather intelligence, usually by coordinating spy rings of locals or other spies. For the most part, spies operating out of embassies gather little intelligence themselves and their identities tend to be known by the opposition. If discovered, these diplomats can be expelled from an embassy, but for the most part counter-intelligence agencies prefer to keep these agents in situ and under close monitoring.

The information gathered by spies plays an increasingly important role in diplomacy. Arms-control treaties would be impossible without the power of reconnaissance satellites and agents to monitor compliance. Information gleaned from espionage is useful in almost all forms of diplomacy, everything from trade agreements to border disputes.

ASSIGNMENTS

I. Find the appropriate word in the text defining the following:

1. a theory that describes using military and economic means to influence the behavour or interest of other political bodies.

2. It refers to power that comes from diplomacy, culture and history.

3. a person who disagrees with government

II. Study the use of the following words in different phrases. Suggest their Ukrainian equivalent.

Diplomatic

1.diplomatic act

2.diplomatic activity

3.diplomatic agent

4.diplomatic bag

5.diplomatic circles

6.diplomatic contacts

7.diplomatic cor

8.diplomatic courier

9.diplomatic identity card

10. diplomatic intercourse

11.diplomatic mail

12.diplomatic personnel

13. diplomatic pouch

14.diplomatic privileges

15.through diplomatic channels

Immunity

1.consular immunity

2.diplomatic immunity

3.parliamentary immunity

4.deprivation of parliamentary immunity

5.immunity of deputy

6.immunity of residence

7.immunity from taxation

8.to accord smb immunity

9.to enjoy immunity

10.to guarantee immunity

UNIT IV

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