Vocabulary. 4Check if you know the key words

Key Words

4 Check if you know the key words.

achieve

benefit

decision

enhance

layout

prefer

pruning

refer

technique

thinning

value

veneer

5. Match the words with their translation.

1)silviculture (n) a) дерево, древесина; лес

2)wood (n) b) фанера

3)forest (n) c) лес,

4)to exploit (v) d) лесоводство

5)veneer (n) e) уборка урожая, сбор

6)to promote (v) f) состав

7)harvest (n) g) обрезка сучьев

8)composition (n) h) продвигать, способствовать

9)pruning (n) i) разрабатывать

10)to intervene(v) J) вмешиваться

Grammar: Connectors (Коннекторы)

6. Complete the sentence using the word from the box.

According to the text, the word “silviculture” comes from the Latin “silva”.

…based on the same principles, native forest silviculture is a special case.

There is six aspects of silvisulture that forest growers need to consider…., forest protection.

Exploitation is still the rule in much of the world, … in the boreal forests.

Forest growth is …determined by how the mix of plants in the forest respond to the soil.

Until the 18^th century silviculture was rarely practiced, … the need for fuel, wood and lumber gave rise to silvicultural practices.

7. Choose the correct form.

A silvicultural regime is a series of management interventions, such as / as establishment and regeneration.

Initially/ Finally, decisions must be made about initial spacing, layout and establishment methods.

Later/Instead of the owner must decide about the time and timing of thinning, pruning, fire, grazing and harvesting.

Such as/ According to the text, there are six aspects of silviculture that forest growers need to consider.

We need to consider forest protection (also/too).

Managing the competition between trees is (as well/ also) one of the most important aspects.

Test yourself

8. Read the text again and say if the following sentences are true or false or they don’t have the information.

Until the 18^th century silviculture was rarely practiced. (t)

The silvicultural systems employed for harvesting mature trees can be grouped in four categories.

Exploitation is still the rule in much of the world, particularly in Europe.

Silviculture refers to the establishment and management of trees for wood production.

Most commercial tree species do best under full sunlight and must be grown in stands of even age.

Pruning means forest protection.

The owner must decide about the time and timing of thinning, pruning, fire, grazing and harvesting.

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