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PHYSICS
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1. Before you start
1.1 Answer the following questions:
1. What faculty do you study at?
2. Why have you chosen this faculty to study at?
3. Why do you interest in studying such science as physics?
4. What is the field of your (future) specialization?
5. Why would you like to study this branch of science?
2. Pronunciation
2.1 Read and practise the pronunciation of the following words:
| сurrent [ ÛkÃr«nt] | oscillation [,sI ÛleIS(«)n] |
| motion [ Ûm«uS(«)n] | particle [ ÛpA:tIk(«)l] |
| sound [ Ûsaund] | molecule [ ÛmlI,kju:l] |
| lightning [`laItnIN] | electron [I ÛlektRn] |
| electricity [,Ilek`trIsItI] | friction [ ÛfrIkS(«)n] |
| magnetism [`mQgnItIz(«)m] | devising [dI ÛvaIsIN] |
| phenomenon (-a) [fI`nmIn«n] | coefficient [,k«uI ÛfIS(«)nt] |
| mechanics [mI`kQnIks] | vibration [vaI ÛbreIS(«)n] |
| astrophysics [,Qstr«u ÛfIzIks] | behaviour [bI ÛheIvI«] |
| acoustics [«Ûku:stIks] | various [ Ûve«rI«s] |
| optics [`ptIks] | mysteries [ ÛmIst«rIz] |
| thermodynamics [ ÛTÎ:m«udaI ÛnQmIks] | mutually exclusive [ Ûmju:tSu«lI Ik Ûsklu:sIv] |
| rotation [r«u ÛteIS(«)n] |
3. Reading
3.1 Read the text to know more about physics.
Physics
The word “physics” has its origin in the Greek word “pheusis” meaning nature.
Physics is a broad science concerning nature. Nature consists of countless objects. Any object (a pencil, sand, stone, a drop of water, etc.) is called a physical body or a body. All bodies consist of matter. Steel, copper, water, air and a stone are some examples of matter.
Upon close observation of different physical bodies, we notice, without any particular difficulty, that various changes are taking place within them.
All changes which occur in a physical body are known as phenomena. The melting of ice, the boiling of water, the falling of a stone, the heating of a wire by an electric current, wind, lightning – all these are different phenomena.
Physics studies not only various natural phenomena (mechanical motion, heat, sound, electricity, magnetism, light, etc.), but, more importantly, determines exact relations between physical phenomena. Physics is divided into a number of different fields – acoustics, optics, thermodynamics, astrophysics, radiophysics, nuclear physics, the physics of solids and others. These different fields are not mutually exclusive. In all cases, physics deals primarily with phenomena that can be accurately described in terms of matter and energy.
Physics can be divided into two great branches: experimental physics and theoretical physics. Experimental physics is the science of making observations and devising experiments. On the basis of experimental facts, theoretical physics formulates laws and predicts the behaviour of natural phenomena. Every physical law is based on experiments.
Physics helps explain the mysteries of the natural world; the development of other sciences depends in many respects on the knowledge of physical phenomena.
In the Physics faculty, students specialize in optical spectroscopy, X-ray spectroscopy, astrophysics, chemical physics, microwave electronics and quantum radiophysics, the physics of the ionosphere and wave propagation, the physics of thin films and many other areas.
3.2 What new facts about physics have you learnt from the text?
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