Practical work no.13

Defining and grouping synonyms using different criteria of synonymy.

Objectives: to identify synonyms, to group synonyms according the criteria of synonymy.

Ex.1. In the following sentences, point out the general term.

Model: animal- dog, cat, horse, cow, sheep, pig.

1. The business part of the room had the usual furniture: an open cupboard with pigeon-holes, a folding wash-stand, some hard chairs, a standing desk of large dimensions covered with drawings and designs.

2. Twice a week they had to put through hotel linen - the sheets, the pillowslips, spreads, table-cloths and napkins.

3. The breakfast-service on the table was equally plain. The urn was of thick and solid silver, as were also the tea-pot, coffee-pot, cream-ewer, and sugar-bowl; the cups were old, dim dragon china.

4. Do you know this place? No, you never saw it, but you recognize the nature of these trees, his foliage, - the cypress, the willow, the yew.

Ex.2. Give synonyms to the following words:

to reply, to inquire, faith, error, beverage, to educate (a child); happiness, wicked, end, home, sick, present.

Ex. 3. Translate the following words into English and give as many synonyms to them as you can.

Просить, возможно, глупый, веселый, несчастье, начинать, выбирать, путешествие.

Ex. 4. Arrange the following synonyms according to their degree of intensity.

1. ask, implore, beg.

2. longing, desire, wish.

3. handsome, pretty, beautiful.

4. alarmed, frightened, terrified.

5. happiness, pleasure, delight.

6. excuse, pardon, forgive.

7. accident, misfortune, disaster.

8. malicious, naughty, nasty, wicked.

9. genius, capability, talent.

10.astonishment, consternation, surprise.

Ex. 5. The word said in the following paragraph is overworked. Other words would make the meaning of each sentence clearer and the entire paragraph more interesting. For each numbered word said choose the word from the line of words that has the some number. Select the word that makes the meaning more exact.

"What kind of entertainment shall we have for our class party?" John said (1). Tim and David thought for a while. "How about Punch-and-Jude show?" Tom said (2). 'That's a good idea!" David said (3). "Oh, no, that's too silly!" John said (4). "Why don't we act out a mystery instead?" Tim thought hard. Then said (5), “Let’s write our own play".

1. a)asked b)explained c)declared

2. a)announced b)suggested c)screamed

3. a)shouted b)asked c)consisted

4. a)consented b)objected c)whispered

5. a)replied b)insisted c)agreed

Ex.6. For each group of words in italics in the following sentences choose the one word from the three that could be used to say the same thing.

1) Jack helped Bill to squeeze together the suitcase so he could lock it.

a) compress b)enclose c)prepare

2) "The only way to get rid of the mess in this room is to throw out the oldest furniture, "Donald said.

a) rebuild b)eliminate c)prevent

3) Australia is known as the island continent because water is all around it.

a) hides b)covers c)surrounds

4) Your body can take in the sun's heat rays.

a) absorb b)swallow c)refuse

5) You can accept as true that he is an honest man.

a) reveal b)assume c)explain

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