Introduction. II семестр. Контрольная работа № 2

II семестр. Контрольная работа № 2.

Чтобы правильно выполнить задание № 3, необходимо усвоить следующие разделы курса английского языка:

1. Грамматические функции и значения слов that, one, it.

2. Пассивный залог (The Passive Voice) - формы In­definite, Continuous, Perfect.

3. Функции глаголов to be, to have, to do.

4. Простые неличные формы глагола. Инфинитив (The Infinitive) в функции: а) подлежащего, б) составной час­ти сказуемого, в) определения, г) обстоятельства цели.

Бессоюзные определительные и дополнительные при­даточные предложения в составе сложноподчиненных пред­ложений.

Infinitive

Infinitive — это неличная форма глагола, отвечающая на вопрос что делать?

Не wants to go to the park Он хочет пойти в парк

Инфинитив обычно употребляется с частицей to, но бывают случаи упот­ребления инфинитива и без этой частицы

После большинства модальных глаголов и после вспомогательных гла­голов.

She can dance very well Она умеет очень хорошо танцевать.

They will do it well Они сделают это хорошо.

При образовании повелительного наклонения.

Look at this book Посмотрите на эту книгу.

При образовании сослагательного наклонения после вспомогательных гла­голов should, would, might, could.

I should like to go to Paris Мне бы хотелось съездить в Париж.

Инфинитив может выступать в роли подлежащего, дополнения, обстоятель­ства, сказуемого и определения.

Вариант 1

1). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните глагол to be. Укажите, в какой грамматической функции он употреблен (смыслового глагола, вспомогательного глагола, модального глагола, глагола - связки):

1. How is one man in a motorcar to pass another man also in a motorcar coming in the opposite direction unless there is some rule of the road?

2. This experiment is of great interest for our scientists.

3. The educational level of the American work force is constantly increasing.

4. These engineers have been staying here since morning, discussing the new project.

2). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните глагол to have. Укажите, в какой грамматической функция он употреблен (смыслового глагола, вспомогательного глагола, модального глагола):

1. Though this project is of a little profit, we have to sign it.

2. Having traditionally faith that education could improve both the society and the life chances of the individual, we have sometimes ignored the interrelationship of all the institutions of the society (i.e., the family, the economy, the political system and judicial system), and expected schools to bring about total equality.

3. In the USA persons under 18 have been dealt with ac cording to the specifications of the Juvenile Justice Code.

4. In his new apartment he has all the necessary utilities: gas, central heating; hot and cold

water supply etc.

3). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните глагол to do. Укажите, в какой грамматической функции он употреблен (смыслового глагола, вспомогательного глагола, усилительного глагола, слова - заместителя):

1. We learn more by listening than we do by talking.

2. During Mary’s initial meeting with her employees, she began by telling them that she graduated from Harvard with honors and how well she did in her previous management position.

3. How do people usually behave to project a positive first impression?

4. She did ask the question, but nobody of us could give her an answer.

4). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните глагол-сказуемое в одном из времен группы Indefinite пассивного залога:

1. In the USA the proposed legislation, or bill, is first introduced in the House of Representatives, then referred to one of the standing committees, which organize hearing on it and may approve, amend or shelve the draft.

2. His opinion was often referred to.

3. This big loan will be used for structural reforms in the financial and social spheres, and part of it will go to the coal sector.

4. Parents are expected to teach their children what is tight and to make sure they behave correctly.

5. When a violation occurs, the offender will be arrested, held in jail until the court decides on the appropriate punishment, and then sent to prison if found guilty or released if found innocent.

5). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните глагол-сказуемое в одном из времен группы Continuous пассивного залога:

1. The most interesting research in this field is being carried out by the English scientists.

2. The witness and the defendant were being cross- examined during two hours.

3. The kidnapped children are usually being held captive until their parents pay the ransom demanded by the criminal.

4. In the USA the Uniform Commercial Code is being widely adopted.

6). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните глагол-сказуемое в одном из времен группы Perfect пассивного залога:

1. In the meeting arranged attention will have been called to the details of the case.

2. These business letters haven’t been posted yet.

3. This accident has been much written about.

4. She said that her remark had not been taken notice of.

5. It’s awful! I have just been told that Robert is accused of a murder. Oh! Is it true?

7). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните инфинитив. Укажите, в какой грамматической функции он употреблен: а) подлежащего, б)составной части сказуемого, в) определения, г) обстоятельства цели:

1. The intention of the author has been to show some newly developed methods of investigation.

2. To explain this fact is not so easy.

3. It took him practically only one brilliant speech in court to win the case.

4. The lecture to be followed by an experiment is to take place at our University.

5. To evaluate deviant behavior we must take into account both the direction and the degree of the deviance.

8). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните слово that. Укажите, в какой грамматической функции оно употреблено (союза, союзного слова, указательного местоимения):

1. A group of practices instead of focusing solely or the troublemaker’s interactional behavior, attempted to control other’s reactions to and interpretations of that behavior.

2. These accommodations recognized that there could be serious consequences in the reactions of outsiders — non-members — to the troublemakers.

3. One of the Code’s most interesting innovations is its m position of a requirement that merchants perform and enforce their contracts according to standards of commercial reasonableness.

4. It’s obvious to everyone that, in a community such as the one in which we live, some kind of law is necessary to try to pre vent people from committing crimes.

5. In GB anyone who feels that he has been unfairly treated by the central government can complain to their local MP (Member of Parliament) who will do his best to see that the problem is solved.

9). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните слово one. Укажите, в какой грамматической функции оно употреблено (местоимения (в качестве слова заместителя), неопределенного артикля, числительного):

1. In 1981 China began a «one-couple, one-child» policy.

2. When one person wants to be liked by another person, he usually tries to seem better than he really is.

3. Carl is one of the best workers you supervise.

4. The results of this month’s inquiry are much more interesting than the ones we got last month.

10). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните слово it. Укажите, в какой функции оно употреблено в предложении (подлежащего или дополнения):

1. How do you like it here?

2. It’s always very interesting for foreigners to visit the Bolshoi Theatre.

3. It has been estimated that 55 percent of automobile- caused deaths involve one or more drunk drivers.

4. It’s possible that a young person committing a crime of violence will receive a much lighter

sentence than an adult would for the same crime,

5. — I think, they will have got married before the end of the year. — As for me, I’m sure in it.

11). Перепишите следующие бессоюзные сложноподчинённые предложения, переведите их. Укажите тип придаточного:

1. The lawyer attempted to explain Harry he should not say anything controversial, agree or disagree

whatever Monika says, and generally stay quiet as much as possible.

2. His attitude towards every case he investigated was the same as if it closely concerned him.

3. Socialization is the process we acquire our values, attitudes and beliefs through.

4. Sabrina says she is going to divorce from her husband.

12). Перепишите и письменно переведите текст «THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE AND HUMAN RIGHTS». Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания из текста:

enshrined – хранить, Council
universality – универсальный

indivisibility – неделимость

dimension – размах, измерение

lodge – подавать жалобу, приносить обвинение

violation – нарушение

signatory – сторона, подписавшая какой-либо документ

exhaust – исчерпывать

remedy – средство, мера

draft – составлять законопроект

THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE AND HUMAN RIGHTS

Introduction

After the Second World War the community of nations undertook to make human rights a common ideal for humanity. This ideal was enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations, adopted in 1945, and in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which proclaimed the universality and indivisibility of human rights. The European Convention on Human Rights of 1950 was the Council of Europe’s first treaty and is its greatest achievement. The Convention makes express reference to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights proclaimed by the United Nations, but is broader in scope since it includes a monitoring system. It has both a political and a legal dimension:

• its political dimension lies in the fact that it is the common denominator of the European democracies and serves as a standard for accession to the Council of Europe;

• its legal dimension consists in the guarantee that it affords of international judicial protection of human rights, based on clear definitions of the rights concerned and on supervisory machinery. The European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg deals with complaints of breaches of the Convention lodged either by states parties against other signatory states or by individual applicants, whatever their nationality, who deem themselves to be the victim of a violation of Convention rights by a signatory state. However, before bringing their case before the Court, applicants must first have exhausted all the legal remedies available in the country concerned. Nevertheless, fifty years after the drafting of the Convention there are still violations of human rights.

Вариант 2

1). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните глагол to be. Укажите, в какой грамматической функции он употреблен (смыслового глагола, вспомогательного глагола, модального глагола, глагола-связки):

1. The investigation method on that case was so complicated that it couldn’t give much result.

2. You are to carry out this economical report within this week.

3. Anyone who is an American citizen, at least 18 years of age, and is registered to vote may vote.

4. There have been several corporate bankruptcies for the last five weeks.

2). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните глагол to have. Укажите, в какой грамматической функции он употреблен (смыслового глагола, вспомогательного глагола, модального глагола):

1. Employees and departments often have to compete for scarce organizational resources.

2. Technology has made it practical to conduct business in more than one country and competition has made it necessary for the survival of some firms.

3. Having discussed this problem, they decided to implement the new methods in everyday life.

4. Have you ever thought that twenty-four hours isn’t enough to do all you have to do? All of us have so many duties and obligations.

3). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните глагол. Укажите, в какой грамматической функции он употреблен (смыслового глагола, вспомогательного глаголя, усилительного глагола, слова - заместителя):

1. I am sorry you don’t know this person. But I do know him.

2. The decided to make an offer to buy the house, but when they did, they found that someone else has already bought it.

3. My wife wants me to hire my brother-in-law to work in my company, but I don’t want to because he’s very lazy.

4. Children who are always told what to do may do their asks very well, but they get little opportunity to use their own judgement and to develop a sense of responsibility.

4). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните глагол-сказуемое в одном из времен группы indefinite пассивного залога:

1. The method described above is the most accurate and should be followed when possible accuracy is desired.

2. Steps are taken to increase the production of our plants.

3. The national conference was attended by delegates from all groups.

4. The text will be translated tomorrow before noon.

5. The work will be completed in time.

5). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните глагол-сказуемое в одном из времен группы Continuous пассивного залога:

1. The laboratory is being equipped with new instruments.

2. The draft contract was being discussed with the lawyer in detail.

3. The program is being watched by the doctor with great interest.

4. The dishes were being enjoyed by the guests at the cocktail party.

6). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните глагол-сказуемое в одном из времен группы Perfect пассивного залога:

1. Everything had been arranged before the negotiations started.

2. The mail has just been sent off.

3. By 2 o’clock all the problems will have been discussed.

4. The patient had been thoroughly examined before the doctor prescribed the medicine.

5. The machine had been tested before we came to the factory.

7). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните инфинитив. Укажите, в какой грамматической функции он употреблен: а) подлежащего, б) составной части сказуемого, в) определения, г) обстоятельства цели:

1. To have found our mistake was useful.

2. He must have gone away.

3. There are not many people to believe this.

4. They did this to save their friend’s life.

5. The intention of the author has been to show some newly developed methods.

Поиск по сайту: