Put the letter “m” for mountains, “o” for ocean etc

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Great Britain

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. The British Isles consist of two large islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and about five thousand small islands. Their total area is over 244,000 square kilometers.

The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Cardiff, Edinburgh and Belfast respectively. Great Britain consists of England, Scotland and Wales and does not include Northern Ireland. But in everyday speech 'Great Britain' is used to mean the United Kingdom. The capital of the UK is London.

The British Isles are separated from the European continent by the North Sea and the English Channel. The western coast of Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea.

The surface of the British Isles varies very much. The north of Scotland is mountainous and is called the Highlands, while the south, which has beautiful valleys and plains, is called the Lowlands. The north and west of England are mountainous, but all the rest — east, centre and south-east — is a vast plain. Mountains are not very high. Ben Nevis in Scotland is the highest mountain (1343m).

There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain, but they are not very long. The Severn is the longest river, while the Thames is the deepest and the most important one.

The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of Gulf Stream influence the climate of the British Isles. It is mild the whole year round.

The UK is one of the world's smaller countries. Its population is over 57 million. About 80% of the population is urban.

The UK is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the world's largest producers and exporters of machinery, electronics, textile, aircraft and navigation equipment. One of the chief industries of the country is shipbuilding.

The UK is a constitutional monarchy. In law, the Head of State is the Queen. In practice, the Queen reigns, but does not rule. The country is ruled by the elected government with the Prime Minister at the head. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

There are three main political parties in Great Britain; the Labour, the Conservative and the Liberal parties.

Glossary

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland — Соединен­ное Королевство Великобритании и Север­ной Ирландии

Highlands['hailandz]—гористая часть

the Atlantic Ocean [a'tlantik 'oujn] — Атлантический океан

the Irish Sea — Ирландское море

Lowlands ['ioulәndz] — низменная часть

Ben Nevis [bэn'nevis] —- Бен Невис

the Severn ['sevәn] — Северн

the Thames [temz] — Темза

Gulf Stream ['gаlfstrі:m] — Гольфстрим

the English Channel Английский канал (принятое в Великобритании название про­лива Ла-Манш)

the North Sеa — Северное море

Belfast [belfa:st] — Белфаст

The House of Lords — палата лордов

Cardiff ['ka:dif] — Кардифф

The House of Commons — палата общин

Edinburgh ['edinbәrә] — Эдинбург

to be situated ['sitjueitid] — быть расположенным

to consist [kәn'sist] of — состоять из

to rule [ru:l] — править

to elect [i'iekt] — выбирать

government — правительство

Prime Minister — премьер-министр

at the head — во главе

parliament ['parlamәnt] — парламент

chamber ['tjeimba] — палата

total area — общая площадь

kilometre —километр

respectively [ri'spektivli] — соответственно

to include [in'klu:d] — включать

to mean [mi:n] (meant, meant)— означать

to separate ['sepәreit] —разделять — омывать

exporter [ik'spo:tә] — экспортер

machinery [mә'ji:nәri] — машинное оборудование

electronics [eliktroniks] — электроника

textile [tekstail] — текстиль

aircraft — самолеты

navigation— судоходство

equipment [i'kwIpmәnt] — оборудование

chief [tfi:f] — главный, основной

shipbuilding — кораблестроение

constitutional monarchy [,konsti'tju:jәnl 'monәki] — конституционная монархия

in law — по закону

the head of state — глава государства

queen —королева

in practice — фактически, на практике

to reign [rein] — царствовать

5.7.3 Answer the questions:

1) Where is the UK situated?

2) What countries is the UK made up?

3) What channel separates The British Isles from the European continent?

4) The surface of the country varies very much, doesn’t it?

5) What is the north of Scotland called?

6) Why is the climate of the British Isles mild?

7) What is the total area of the country?

8) What does it produce and export?

9) The UK is a constitutional monarchy. What does it mean?

10) What is the leading party nowadays?

11) Who is the Prime ministry of the country?

Put the letter “m” for mountains, “o” for ocean etc

1) European-

2) Atlantic-

3) Irish-

4) Highlands-

5) Ben Nevis-

6) Cardiff-

7) Belfast-

8) Scotland-

9) Edinburgh-

10) Gulf Stream-

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