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ÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀ Àâòîíîìäû èíâåñòèöèÿëàð êåçäåð³: + Үé øàðóàøûëûқòàðûíûң æèíàғû+ Ìåìëåêåòò³ê áþäæåòòåí қàðæûëàíäûðó +Òåõíîëîãèÿëûқ ïðîãðåññ Àéíàëûñқà қàæåòã³ àқøà ñàíû: Áàғà äåңãåé³íå ò³êåëåé ïðîïîðöèîíàëäû, Àқøà á³ðë³ã³í³ң àéíàëûì æûëäàìäûғûíà êåð³ ïðîïîðöèîíàëäû,Íîìèíàëäû ÆҮӨ êөëåì³íå ò³êåëåé ïðîïîðöèîíàëäû Àéíûìàëû àғûíäàð: Á³ð æûëäàғû èíâåñòèöèÿ êөëåì³,Åëä³ң ³ø³íäåã³ á³ð æûëäàғû òұòûíó øûғûñòàðûíûң êөëåì³,Á³ð êâàðòàëäà æұìûññûç қàëғàí òұòûíó øûғûñòàðûíûң êөëåì³ Àқøà ìóëüòèïëèêàòîðûíûң ìөëøåð³ áàéëàíûñòû. Өò³ìä³ë³êêå,Àқøà ұñûíûñûíà,Àқøà áàçàñûíà Àқøà ìóëüòèïëèêàòîðûíûң ìөëøåð³ áàéëàíûñòû: àқøà áàçàñûíà,ðåçåðâòåðãå,àқøà ұñûíûñûíà Àқøà æèûíûíûң өñó æîëäàðû. Ðåçåðâ íîðìàñûí êөáåéòó,Ìåìëåêåòò³ê áàғàëû қàғàçäàðäû ñàòó,Òұòûíóäû æàқñàðòó Àқøà æèûíûíûң өñó æîëäàðû:+ Ðåçåðâ íîðìàñûí êөáåéòó + Áàíêíîòòàð ìåí òèûíäàðäû ýìèññÿëàó+Ìåìëåêåòò³ң áàғàëû қàғàçäàðäû ñàòó Àқøà æèûíûíûң өñó æîëäàðû:+Ðåçåðâ íîðìàñûí êөáåéòó+Ìåìëåêåòò³ê áàғàëû өàғàçäàðäû ñàòó+áàíêíîòòàð ìåí òèûíäàðäû ýìèññèÿëàó Àқøà ñàÿñàòûíûң құðàëäàðû. Åñåï ìөëøåðëåìåñ³í өçãåðòó, Ïàéôçäûқ қîéûëûìíûң ò³êåëåé ðåòòåëó³, ̳íäåòò³ ðåçåðâòåð íîðìàñûí өçãåðòó Àқøà ұñüíûñû Ìs құðàóøûñû: +Ñ+ Â+D - äåïîçèòòåð+Ñ - қîëìà-қîë àқøà Àқøà ôóíêöèÿñû:+ Қîð æèíàқòàó құðàìû+Құí өëøåì³+Àéûðáàñ құðàëû Àқøàғà îïåðàöèÿëûқ ñұðàíûñ ìûíà òүðäå өçãåð³ï îòûðàäû: Íîìèíàëäû ÆҰӨ өñêåíäå îë äà өñåä³, Ïàéûç ñòàâêàñû òөìåíäåãåíäå өñåä³, Íîìèíàëäû ÆҰӨ àçàéғàíäà òөìåíäåéä³ Àқøàғà ñұðàíûñ àқøàíûң êåëåñ³ қûçìåò³íå áàéëàíûñòû. Òөëåì құðàëû, Қîðëàíó құðàëû,Áàéëûқ æèíàó құðàëû Àқøàғà ñұðàíûñ àқøàíûң қûçìåò³íå áàéëàíûñòû. Åñåïòåó á³ðë³ã³,Èíôëÿöèÿ құðàëû,Өíä³ð³ñò³ ðåòòåó құðàëû Àқøàғà ñұðàíûñ ôàêòîðëàðû:+Òàáûñ äåңãåé³+Ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³+Àқøà àéíàëûñûíûң æûëäàìäûãû Àқøà-íåñèå ñàÿñàòûíûң àðàëûқ ìàқñàòû: +Àқøà æèûíû + Àéûðáàñ êóðñû+ Ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³ Àқøà-íåñèå ñàÿñàòûíûң æàíàìà ðåòòåó құðàëû .̳íäåòò³ ðåçåðâòåð íîðìàñûí өçãåðòó,Åñåï ìөëøåðëåìåñ³í өçãåðòó,Àøûқ íàðûқòàғû îïåðàöèÿëàð Àқøà-íåñèå ñàÿñàòûíûң құðàëû: Íåñèå áåðó ëèìèò³ ìåí ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³í ò³êåëåé ðåòòåó,̳íäåòò³ ðåçåðâòåð íîðìàñûíûң өçãåðó³,Àøûқ íàðûқòàғû îïåðàöèÿëàð Àқøà-íåñèå ñàÿñàòûíûң íåã³çã³ òүð³+Ûíòàëàíäûðóøû àқøà-íåñèå ñàÿñàòû+Ðåñòðèêöèÿëûқ àқøà-íåñèå ñàÿñàòû+Ýêñïàíñèÿëûқ àқøà-íåñèå ñàÿñàòû Àқøàíûң ұñûíûñû ұëғàÿäû åãåð:+ Àқøà áàçàñû àðòàäû + Àéíàëûìғà àқøà ìåí құíäû қàғàçäàð øûғàðûëñà(ýìèññèÿ)+ Қîëìà-қîë àқøà ìåí äåïîçèòòåð өññå Àøûқ ýêîíîìèêàíû ðåòòåó ñàÿñàòû: Áþäæåò-ñàëûқ ñàÿñàòû,Àéûðáàñ êóðñûíûң ñàÿñàòû,Àқøà-íåñèå ñàÿñàòû Àøûқ èíôëÿöèÿíû òîïòàñòûðó, æ³êòåó үø³í ïàéäàëàíàòûí êðèòåðèéëåð: +Áàғàíûң өñó қàðқûíû+ Әðòүðë³ òàóàð òîïòàðû áîéûíøà áàғàíûң өñó³íäåã³ àëøàқòûқ äåңãåé+Èíôëÿöèÿíû êүòó æәíå àëäûí àëà îòûðó ìүìê³íä³ã³ Àøûқ èíôëÿöèÿíû òîïòàñòûðó, æ³êòåó үø³í ïàéäàëàíàòûí êðèòåðèéëåð:+òàóàðäûң ñàíûíûң òұðàқòûëûғû+әðòүðë³ òàóàð òîïòàðû áîéûíøà áàғàíûң өñó³íäåã³ àëøàқòûқ äåңãåé+èíôëÿöèÿíû êүòó æәíå àëäûí-àëà á³ë³ï îòûðó ìүìê³íä³ã³ Àøûқ ýêîíîìèêàäà òåïå-òåңä³êò³ ñàқòàóäà êåëåñ³ íàðûқ ûқïàë åòåä³:+Òàóàð íàðûғû+Àқøà íàðûғû+Âàëþòà íàðûғû Àøûқ ýêîíîìèêàíû çåðòòåó үëã³ñ³í³ң àâòîðû: Ìàíäåëë – Ôëèìè,Ð.Ìàíäåëë,Ì.Ôëåìèíã ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ Áàғà өçãåð³ñ³í àíûқòàéòûí êөðñåòê³øòåð .Ïààøå èíäåêñ³,Ôèøåð èíäåêñ³,Ëàñïåéðåñ èíäåêñ³ Áàғàëàð èíäåêñ³ қîëäàíûëàäû: Өì³ð ñүðó құíûíûң äèíàìèêàñûí áàғàëàóäà,ƲӨ äåôëÿòîðûí åñåïòåóäå,Èíôëÿöèÿ қàðқûíûíûң өçãåðó³í áàғàëàóäà Áàғàëàðäûң îðòàøà (æàëïû) äåңãåé³í³ң òөìåíäåó³: Äåôëÿöèÿ,Æèûíòûқ ñұðàíûñ ïåí æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ àðàñûíäàғû äèñáàëàíñòû æîþғà ûқïàë åòåä³,Òè³ìä³ ýêîíîìèêàëûқ ñàÿñàò íәòèæåñ³ Áàíê æүéåñ³í³ң á³ð³íø³ äåңãåé³íå ìûíàëàðäûң қàéñûñû æàòàäû +Îðòàëûқ íåìåñå Ұëòòûқ áàíê+Ұëòòûқ áàíê+Îðòàëûқ áàíêú  Âàëþòà áàғàìûí áåëã³ëåó әä³ñ³:+Òàғàéûíäàëàòûí âàëþòà áàғàìû+Åðê³í íåìåñå òàғàéûíäàëàòûí âàëþòà áàғàìû+Åðê³í âàëþòà áàғàìû Âàëþòà áàғàìûíûң òóð³: Íàқòû áàғàì,Àòàóëû åìåñ íàқòû áàғàì,Àòàóëû áàғàì Âàëþòàíûң àòàóëû àéûðáàñ áàғàìû - áұë :Åê³ åëä³ң âàëþòàëàðûíûң àéûðáàñ áàғàñû, Á³ð åëä³ң âàëþòà á³ðë³ã³íäå åê³íø³ åë âàïþòàñûíûң áàғàñû,Âàëþòà áàғàìûíûң òүð³ Âàëþòàíûң àòàóëû àéûðáàñ áàғàìû: Òàóàð ìåí қûçìåòòåðä³ң íàқòû құíû,Âàëþòà áàғàìûíûң òүð³,Á³ð åëä³ң âàëþòà á³ðë³ã³íäå åê³íø³ åë âàëþòàñûíûң áàғàñû Âàëþòàíûң åðê³í àéíàëûìäàғû áàғàìûíà әñåðåòåò³í ôàêòîð: + Òàáûñòûң ñàëûñòûðìàëû àçàþû+Òұòûíóøû òàëғàìûíûң өçãåðó³+Áàғàíûң ñàëûñòûðìàëû өçãåðó³
ÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅ Åãåð қîëäà áàð òàáûñ êөëåì³ òөìåíäåñå,îíäà:+ Òұòûíó øûғûíäàðû äà, қîð æèíàó êөëåì³ äå қûñқàðàäû+Қîëäà áàð òàáûñ êөëåì³í³ң òөìåíäåó³ ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³í³ң өñó³ әñåð³íåí, íәòèæåñ³íäå үé øàðóàøûëûғûíûң áàéëûғû, ñîíûң әñåð³íåí îíûң òұòûíóû äà àçàÿäû+Òұòûíó øûғûíäàðû өñ³ï, қîð æèíàó êөëåì³ қûñқàðàäû Åãåð ìåìëåêåò қîðøàғàí îðòàíû ñàқòàóғà қàòàң òàëàï қîéñà :Өíä³ð³ñ êөëåì³ êåìèä³,Өí³ì á³ðë³ã³íå êåòåò³í өíä³ð³ñ øûғûíäàðûíûң өñó³í òóғûçàäû,Өí³ì á³ðë³ã³íå êåòåò³í өíä³ð³ñ øûғûíäàðüøûң өñó³í³ң æәíå æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ қèñûғûíûң ñîëғà îðûí àóûñòûðóûí òóғûçàäû Åãåð ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³ òөìåí áîëñà, îíäà .Èíâåñòèöèÿëàð æîғàðû áîëàäû, Òàóàðғà ñұðàíûñ ұñûíûñòàí æîғàðû áîëàäû, Êүò³ëåò³í ïàéäàëûëûқ ìөëøåð³ òөìåíäåéä³ Åðê³í àéíàëûì áàғàìûíûң êåìø³ë³ã³:+Ñұðàíûñ òұðàқòû +Áåëã³ñ³çä³ê+Òұðàқñûçäûқ Åðê³í âàëþòà áàғàìû әä³ñ³í³ң åðåêøåë³ã³:+ Âàëþòà æåò³ñïåóø³ë³ã³ àâòîìàòòû òүðäå æîéûëàäû+ Âàëþòà áàғàìûí íàðûқòàғû ñұðàíûñ ïåí ұñûíûñ àíûқòàéäû + Âàëþòà áàғàìûí âàëþòà íàðûғû àíûқòàéäû ÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆ Æàáûқ ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàíûң íåã³çã³ ñóáüåêò³ëåð³:+Ìåìëåêåò+Îòàíäûқ ôèðìàëàð+ Үé øàðóàøûëûқòàðû Æàáûқ ýêîíîìèêàäà: +Òàóàðëàð ìåí қûçìåòòåðä³ң ýêñïîðòû æîқ +Ñûðòқû әëåììåí ýêîíîìèêàëûқ áàéëàíûñ æîқ +Òàóàðëàð ìåí қûçìåòêåðëåðä³ң èìïîðòû æîқ Æàëïû àқøà ìàññàñû әðқàøàíäà ұëғàÿäû, åãåð êîììåðöèÿëûқ áàíêòåð: Құíäû қàғàçäàðäû õàëûқòàí ñàòûï àëà áàñòàñà,Õàëûққà ұñûíàòûí íåñèåí³ң êөëåì³í ұëғàéòñà,Ñàëûìäàð áîéûíøà қîëìà-қîë æәíå қîëìà-қîëñûç àқøàëàðäû òөëåé áàñòàñà Æàëïû ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ òåңäåñò³êò³ң қàæåòò³ øàðòû: Æèûíòûқ ñұðàíûñ ïåí æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ òåïå-òåңä³ã³,Æèûíòûқ ñұðàíûñ ïåí æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ òåңäåñò³ã³í³ң áұçûëìàóû,AD=AS Æàëïûëàìà ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ үëã³ëåð: IS-LM, AD-AS, Àéíàëûì үëã³ñ³ Æåêå òàáûñ:+ ҰÒ-êîðïîðàöèÿëàð ïàéäàñûíà ñàëûíғàí ñàëûқ-áөë³íáåãåí ïàéäà-әëåóìåòò³ê ñàқòàíäûðó òөëåìäåð³+òðàíñôåðòò³ê òөëåìäåð-ñàқòàíäûðó æүéåëåð³íå òөëåíåò³í òөëåìäåð.+ Қîëäà áàð òàáûñ- æåêå ñàëûқ.+ Үé øàðóàøûëûғûíûң àғûìäàғû æûëäà òàïқàí òàáûñû Æèíàқòûқ ұñûíûñ қèñûғûíûң қîçғàëûñû áàéëàíûñòû: Өíä³ð³ñ òåõíîëîãèÿñûíûң өçãåðó³í,Ðåñóðñòàð áàғàñûíûң өçãåðó³íå,Ôèðìàëàðғà ñàëûíàòûí ñàëûқ äåңãåé³í³ң өçãåðó³íå Æèíàқòûқ ұñûíûñòûң ұçàқ ìåðç³ìä³ê өçãåðñ³í òàëäàó øàðòòàðû: Áàғàëàð ìåí àòàóëû àéëûқ æàëàқû өçãåðåä³,Íàðûқòàð áәñåêåëåñ,Өíä³ð³ëåò³í өí³ì êөëåì³ áàғà äåңãåé³íå òәóåëä³ åìåñ Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ-áұë:+Ýêîíîìèêàäà өíä³ð³ëãåí äàéûí òàóàðëàð ìåí қûçìåòòåð ìөëøåð³í³ң æàëïû ñàíû+Áåð³ëãåí áàғà äåңãåé³ êåç³íäå қîғàì ìàñøòàáûíäà ұñûíûëғàí òàóàð æәíå қûçìåò ñàíû+Áàғà ìåí өí³ì êөëåì³ àðàñûíäàғû ò³êåëåé áàéëàíûñòû á³ëä³ðåä³ Æèûíòûқ èíâåñòèöèÿëàð: Áèçíåñò³ң íåã³çã³ êàïèòàëғà èíâåñòèöèÿ æұìñàó øûғûíäàðû, ƲӨ øûғûíäàð әä³ñ³ åñåïòåãåíäå åñêåð³ëåä³, Òàçà èíâåñòèöèÿëàð + àìîðòèçàöèÿ Æèûíòûқ ñұðàíûñ өçãåðó³í ñèïàòòàéòûí MV=ÐҮ òåңäåó³íäå:+ Ð - ýêîíîìèêàäàғû áàғà äåңãåé³+Ì - ýêîíîìèêàäàғû àқøà ìөëøåð³ +Ү - íàқòû өí³ì øûғàðó êөëåì³ Æèûíòûқ ñұðàíûñ ïåí áàғà äåңãåé³ àðàñûíäàғû êåð³ òәóåëä³ë³ê òүñ³íä³ð³ëåä³: +Èìïîðòòûқ ñàòûï àëó ýôôåêò³ñ³ìåí +Áàéëûқ ýôôåêò³ñ³ìåí+ Ïàéûçäûқ ìөëøåðëåìå ýôôåêò³ñ³ìåí Æèûíòûқ ñұðàíûñқà әñåð åòåò³í áàғàëûқ åìåñ ôàêòîð: Àқøà ұñûíûñû, Ïàéûçäûқ қîéûëûìäàð,Ñàëûқòàð Æèûíòûқ ñұðàíûñқà әñåð åòåò³í áàғàëûқ åìåñ ôàêòîð:+Âëþòàëûқ áàғàì àóûòқóëàðû+ Ñàëûқ+Òұòûíóøûëàð әë-àóқàòû Æèûíòûқ ñұðàíûñòûң àíûқòàìàñû:+өíä³ð³ëãåí åí³ì ñàíû ìåí áàғàíûң æàëïû äåңãåé³í³ң àðàñûíäàãû òәóåëä³ë³ê+әðá³ð áåð³ëãåí áàғà äåңãåé³íäå ñàòûï àëàòûí òàóàðëàð ìåí êөðñåò³ëãåí қûçìåòòåð ñàíûí êөðñåòåä³. +ñàòóøûíûң ñұðàíûñû Æèûíòûқ ñұðíàûñ ïåí áàғà äåңãåé³ àðàñûíäàғû êåð³ òәóåëä³ë³ê òүñ³íä³ð³ëåä³:+ Áàéëûқ ýôôåêò³ñ³ìåí+Èìïîðòòûқ ñàòûï àëó ýôôåêò³ñ³ìåí+Ïàéûçäûқ ìөëøåðëåìå ýôôåêò³ñ³ìåí Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ - áұë:+Áåð³ëãåí áàғà äåңãåé³ êåç³íäå қîғàì ìàñøòàáûíäà ұñûíûëғàí òàóàð æәíå қûçìåò ñàíû+Áàғà ìåí өí³ì êөëåì³ àðàñûíäàғû ò³êåëåé áàéëàíûñòû á³ëä³ðåä³+Ýêîíîìèêàäà өíä³ð³ëãåí äàéûí òàóàðëàð ìåí қûçìåòòåð ìөëøåð³í³ң æàëïû ñàíû Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ қèñûғûíûң қîçãàëûñû áàéëàíûñòû: Ôèðìàëàðãà ñàëûíàòûí ñàëûқ äåңãåé³í³ң өçãåðó³íå,Ðåñóðñòàð áàғàñûíûң өçãåðó³íå,Өíä³ð³ñ òåõíîëîãèÿñûíûң өçãåðó³íå Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñқà әñåð åòåò³í áàғàëû åìåñ ôàêòîð:+Ôèðìàëàðғà ñàëûíàòûí ñàëûқ+ Ðåñóðñòàð áàғàñû+ Òåõíîëîãèÿ өçãåð³ñòåð³ Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñòûң êåéíñèÿíäûқ үëã³ñ³í³ң àëғûøàðòû:+Íàқòû øàìàëàð(æұìûñáàñòûëûқ,өí³ì øûғàðó)ñàëûñòûðìàëû èêåìä³ê+ Íîìèíàëäûқ øàìàëàð(áàғà,æàëàқû)ñàëûñòûðìàëû қàòàң+ Өíä³ð³ñ ôàêòîðëàðû òîëûқ қîëäàíûëìàéäû Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñòûң ұçàқ ìåðç³ìä³ê өçãåð³ñ³í òàëäàó øàðòòàðû. Íàðûқòàð áәñåêåëåñ,Áàғàëàð ìåí àòàóëû àéëûқ æàëàқû өçãåðåä³,Өíä³ð³ëåò³í өí³ì êөëåì³ áàғà äåңãåé³íå òәóåëä³ åìåñ Æîñïàðëàíғàí øûғûíäàð :E=C+I+G+Xn,Òàóàðëàð ìåí қûçìåòòåðãå æîñïàðëàíғàí үê³ìåòò³ң,ôèðìàëàðäûң,үé øàðóàøûëûқòàðûíûң æәíå ñûðòқû ñåêòîðäûң øûғûíäàðûíûң ñîìàñû,Æîñïàðëàíáàғàí èíâåñòèöèÿëàðäû àëûï òàñòàғàíäàғû íàқòû øûғûíäàð Æұìûñ êүø³ құðàìûíàí øûққàíäàð: +Çåéíåòêåðëåð +Æұìûñ ³çäåóäåí êүäåð үçãåíäåð + Æұìûñ ³ñòåóãå қàá³ëåò³ áàðëàð, á³ðàқ êåéá³ð ñåáåïòåðìåí æұìûñ ³ñòåé àëìàéòûíäàð Æұìûñáàñòûëàð êàòåãîðèÿñû:+Æұìûñïåí қàìòûëғàíäàð+Òîëûқ åìåñ æұìûñ êүí æұìûñ ³ñòåéò³íäåð +Òîëûқ åìåñ æұìûñ àïòà æұìûñ ³ñòåéò³íäåð Æұìûñáàñòûëàð êàòåãîðèÿñûíà æàòàäû: Çåéíåòêåðëåð,Òîëûқ åìåñ æұìûñ àïòà æұìûñ ³ñòåéò³íäåð,Òîëûқ åìåñ æұìûñ êүí æұìûñ ³ñòåéò³íäåð Æұìûññûçäûêòûң òұðëåð³: öèêëä³ê, құðûëûìäûқ, ôðèêöèîíäû Æұìûññûçäûқ äåңãåé³ :Ñòàòèñòèêàëûқ êөðñåòê³ø,Æұìûññûçäàð ìåí æұìûñ êүø³ ñàíûíûң қàòûíàñû,Ұñûíûñ қèñûғûíà òәóåëä³ Æұìûññûçäûқòûң íåã³çã³ ñåáåá³: +Æұìûñ êүø³íå ñұðàíûñòûң áîëìàóû+Åңáåê íàðûғûíäàғû ñұðàíûñ ïåí ұñûíûñòûң òөìåíäåï êåòó +Åңáåê íàðûғûíäàғû ñұðàíûñòûң òөìåíäåï êåòó³ Æұìûññûçäûқòûң íåã³çã³ ñåáåá³: Ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ òұðàқñûçäûқ, Äàғäàðûñ әñåð³, Ýêîíîìèêàíûң öèêëä³ äàìóû Æұìûññûçäûқòûң íåã³çã³ òүð³: Ôðèêöèîíäûқ æұìûññûçäûқ,Құðûëûìäûқ æұìûññûçäûқ,Öèêëä³ê æұìûññûçäûқ Æұìûññûçäûқòûң ñåáåïòåð³: +åңáåê íàðûғûíäà àëғàø ïàéäà áîëóû+æұìûñ îðíûí æîғàëòó+æұìûñòàí өç åðê³ìåí êåòó Æұìûññûçäûқòûң ñåáåïòåð³ :«Æұìûñàðàëûқ» æàғäàé,Åңáåê êүø³íå äåãåí ñұðàíûñòûң òàïøûëûғû,Ìàìàíäûққà äåãåí ñұðàíûñòûң àçàþû Æұìûññûçäûқòûң ýêîíîìèêàëûқ ñàëäàðûíûң òүðëåð³: ïñèõîëîãèÿëûқ,ñàÿñè,әëåóìåòò³ê ÆҰӨ äåôëÿòîðû àíûқòàëàäû. áàғà äåôëÿòîðû,îñû æûëғû áàғàìåí áàçèñò³ê æûëäàãû áàғàíûң қàòûíàñû,àòàóëû ÆҰӨ íàқòû ÆҰӨ ãå қàòûíàñû ÆҰӨ – ä³ өëøåóä³ң òәñ³ëäåð³: + қîñûìøà құí áîéûíøà+ òàáûñòàð áîéûíøà + øûғûíäàð áîéûíøà ÆҰӨ-ä³ өëøåóä³ң òәñ³ëäåð³:+ýêñïîðò áîéûíøà+қîñûìøà құí áîéûíøà +òàáûñòàð áîéûíøà ƲӨ äå åñêåð³ëåò³í үé øàðóàøëûқòàðûíûң øûғûíäàðû. Æàңà үéä³ ñàòûï àëó, ʳòàï äүêåí³íåí æàңà îқóëûқ ñàòûï àëó, Қîëäàíûñòà áîëғàí àâòîìîáèëüä³ ñàòûï àëó øûғûíû ƲӨ åñåïòåóäå қîëäàíûëàòûí әä³ñ :Øûғûíäàð әä³ñ³,Өíä³ð³ñò³ê әä³ñ,Òàáûñòàð әä³ñ³ ƲӨ äåôëÿòîðû. Íîìèíàëäû ƲӨ-ãå òóðà ïðîïîðöèîíàë,Ïààøå èíäåêñ³ ôîðìóëàñûìåí åñåïòåëåä³,Íàқòû ƲӨãå-êåð³ ïðîïîðöèîãàë ƲӨ äåôëÿòîðû:+ Àòàóëû æәíå íàқòû ƲӨ қàòûíàñû+ 1-äåí àðòûқ áîëñà,àòàóëû ƲӨ – ä³ àçàéòó êåðåêò³ã³í á³ëä³ðåä³+ Àғûìäàғû áàғàìåí åñåïòåë³íãåí êөðñåòê³øòåðä³ íàқòû áàғàìåí қàéòà åñåïòåó êîýôôèöèåíò³ ƲӨ құðàìûíà ê³ðìåéä³. 6 æûë áұðûí ñàëûíғàí үéä³ ñàòûï-àëó øûғûíû, Åë ðåçèäåíò³í³ң øåòåëäå àøûëғàí ôèðìàäà òàïқàí òàáûñû, Қîëäàíûñòà áîëғàí òàóàðëàðäûң құíû ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ Èíâåñòèöèÿ äèíàìèêàñûí àíûқòàéòûí ôàêòîðëàð. Íàêòû ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³,Æèûíòûқ òàáûñ äèíàìèêàñû,Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ êүòó Èíâåñòèöèÿ. Àғûìäàғû êåçåңäå øûғûíäàëìàғàí øûғûííûң áөë³ã³,Ìåìëåêåòò³ê íåìåñå æåêå қàðæûíûң ұçàқ ìåðç³ìä³ê ñàëûìäàðû,Қîçғàëìàéòûí ìүë³êò³ ñàòûï àëó Èíâåñòèöèÿ-áұë: + Ìåìëåêåòò³ê íåìåñå æåêå қàðæûíûң ұçàқ ìåðç³ìä³ê ñàëûìäàðû +Òұðғûí үé îáúåêò³ñ³í ñàëóғà àðíàëғàí ñàëûì+Өíä³ð³ñ құðàë-æàáäûқòàðûíà қàæåòò³ ñàëûìäàð Èíâåñòèöèÿëàð òұðàқñûçäûғûíûң íåã³çã³ ôàêòîðëàðû: ÆҰӨ öèêëä³ê àóûòқóëàð,Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ êүòóëåðä³ң өçãåðã³øò³ã³,Әëåóìåòò³ê Èíâåñòèöèÿíûң äèíàìèêàñûí àíûқòàéòûí ôàêòîðëàð. Òұòûíóøû қàðûçäàðûíûң íîðìàñû,Êәñ³ïêåðä³ң øåø³ì³,Қîëäàғû íåã³çã³ êàïèòàë Èíôëÿöèÿ ñåáåïòåð³ :Өòå æîғàðû ñàëûқ äåңãåé³,Æèûíòûқ ñóðàíûñ ïåí æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ àðàñûíäàғû òåïå-òåңä³êò³ң áұçûëóû,Ìåìëåêåòò³ê øûғûíäàðäûң өñó³ íåã³ç³íäå áîëàòûí ìåìëåêåò áþòæåò³í³ң òàïøûëûғû Èíôëÿöèÿ äåңãåé³. Ïààøå èíäåêñ³ íåã³ç³íäå åñåïòåëåä³,Áàғàëàðäûң îðòàøà äåңãåé³í³ң ñàëûñòûðìàëû өçãåðó³, ÒÁÈ(òұòûíó áàғàëàðûíûң èíäåêñ³)íåã³ç³íäå åñåïòåëåä³ Èíôëÿöèÿ æàғäàéûíäà êåéá³ð áàғàëàð: Áàÿó өçãåðåä³,Æûëäàì өçãåðåä³,Өçãåðìåéä³ Èíôëÿöèÿ қàðқûíû өçãåðó³íå áàéëàíûñòû èíôëÿöèÿíûң íåã³çã³ òүð³íå æàòàäû: Áàÿó èíôëÿöèÿ, Ãèïåðèíôëÿöèÿ,Қàðқûíäû èíôëÿöèÿ Èíôëÿöèÿ òүðëåð³íå æàòàäû: Ñұðàíûñ èíôëÿöèÿñû, Àøûқ èíôëÿöèÿ, Øûғûíäàð èíôëÿöèÿñû Èíôëÿöèÿ òүðëåð³íå æàòàäû :Øûғûíäàð èíôëÿöèÿñû,Қîëäàíûëғàí êîìïüþòåðä³ ñàòûï àëó,Àøûқ èíôëÿöèÿ Èíôëÿöèÿ: Æàëïû áàғàëàð äåңãåé³í³ң өñó³, Íåã³çã³ ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ ïðîáëåìàëàðғà æàòàäû, Àқøàíûң құíñûçäàíóû Èíôëÿöèÿғà қàðñû ôèñêàëäû ñàÿñàò åðåêøåë³ã³:+ Ñàëûқ ñàëó äåңãåé³í àðòòûðó+Ìåìëåêåòò³ê øûғûíäàðäû қûñқàðòó+Ìåìëåêåòò³ê øûғûíäàðäû àçàéòûï, ñàëûқ ñàëó äåңãåé³í àðòòûðó Èíôëÿöèÿғà қàðñû ôèñêàëäû ñàÿñàò құðàëäàðû: Æұìûññûçäûқ äåңãåé³í òөìåíäåòó,Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñóä³ қàìòàìàñûçäàíäûðó, Ñàëûқ ñàëó қîéûëûìûí ðåòòåó Èíôëÿöèÿìåí êүðåñ æîëäàðû:+Æèûíèûқ ñұðàíûñ ïåí æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñòû ðåòòåó + Ñàëûқ ñàÿñàòû+Ìåìëåêåòò³ê øûғûíäàðäû ðåòòåó Èíôëÿöèÿíûң әëåóìåòò³ê çàðäàïòàðû:+Õàëûқòûң ñàòûï àëó қàá³ëåò³ òөìåíäåéä³+Өì³ð ñүðó äêңãåé³ òөìåíäåéä³+Ұëòòûқ òàáûñòûң қàéòà áөë³íó³
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ Êàïèòàëäûң øåêò³ өí³ì³ ñèïàòòàéäû:+ Қîñûìøà êàïèòàë á³ðë³ã³í қîëäàíғàíäà өí³ì øûғàðóäûң қàíøàëûқòû өñêåí³í+ Қîñûìøà êàïèòàë á³ðë³ã³í қîëäàíғàíäà өí³ì øûғàðóäûң қàíøàëûқòû өçãåðãåí³í +Қîñûìøà êàïèòàë á³ðë³ã³í қîëäàíғàíäà өí³ì øûғàðóäûң өñ³ìøåñ³í Êàïèòàëäûң øåêò³ өí³ì³ ñèïàòòàéäû :Қîñûìøà êàïèòàë á³ðë³ã³í қîëäàíғàíäà өí³ì øûғàðóäûң өñ³ìøåñ³í,Òåõíîëîãèÿ äåңãåé³í,Á³ð æұìûñáàñòûғà øàққàíäàғû қîð æèíàқòàóäû Êåéíñ êðåñò³ áåéíåëåéä³: AD-AS үëã³ñ³í қûñқà ìåðç³ìä³ê ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ òàëäàóғà қîëäàíóäû,Ìåìëåêåò àðàëàñóû àðқûëû æàëïû òåïå-òåңä³êêå æåòó ìүìê³íä³ã³í, Òàóàðëàð ìåí қûçìåòòåð íàðûғûíûң òåïå-òåңä³êò³ Êåéíñò³ê êåçқàðàñòû æàқòàóøûëàð ïàéûìäàóäûң æîëûí ұñûíàäû:+Êåéá³ð áàғà өçãåðìåë³ äåãåíãå æîë áåðåä³+Áåëã³ë³ á³ð óàқûò àðàëûғûíäà êåéá³ð áàғàëàð өçãåðóãå áåé³ì åìåñ+Èíâåñòèöèÿ íàðûқòû òåïå -òåңä³ê æàғäàéғà әêåëåò³í құðàë äåï æîðàìàëäàéäû. Êåéíñò³ê үëã³ áîéûíøà ýêîíîìèêàíûң òåïå-òåңä³êòå áîëó øàðòû: Өíä³ð³ñ êөëåì³ ìåí қîðëàð өçãåðìåéä³,Æèíàқòàð èíâåñòèöèÿëàðғà òåң,Æèûíòûқ ñұðàíûñ ïåí æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ òåң Êåéíñò³ê үëã³äå: +Ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ ñàÿñàò áåëñåíä³ +Ôèñêàëäû ñàÿñàò ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ òұðàқòàíäûðóäûң åң òè³ìä³ құðàëû +Íåã³çã³ òåңäåó Ү = Ñ+1+G+Nx Êëàññèêàëûқ æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ қèñûғû ìûíà øàðòòàð îðûíäàëғàíäà âåðòèêàëäû: +Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ òұðàқòû+ Ôàêòîðëàð òîëûқ ïàéäàëàíûëàäû+ Áàғàëàð òұðàқòû åìåñ Êîììåðöèÿëûқ áàíê қûçìåò³. Êәñ³ïîðûííûң àғûìäàғû øîòòàðûí æүðã³çó, ²ñêåðë³êò³ íåñèåëåíä³ðó, Õàëûқòû íåñèåëåíä³ðó Êүòïåãåí èíôëÿöèÿ íәòèæåñ³ ðåò³íäå áàéëûê êåëåñ³ æîëìåí қàéòà áөë³íåä³; +Қàðûç áåðóø³ëåðäåí îíû àëóøûëàðãà +Êðåäèòîðëàðäàí çàåìùèêòåðãå + Íåñèå áåðãåíäåðäåí íåñèå àëóøûëàðғà
ҚҚҚҚҚҚҚҚҚҚҚҚҚҚ Қàé êåçäå æèûíòûқ ñұðàíûñòûң àðòóûíäà өíä³ð³ñò³ң òåïå-òåңä³ê êөëåì³í³ң åñó³ îðûíäàëàäû:+ÀS қèñûғûíûң øåêò³ êåéíñèàíäûқ êåñ³íä³ñ³íäå+ÀS қèñûғûíûң àðàëûқ êåñ³íä³ñ³íäå+AS қèñûғûíûң қàëûïòû êåéíñèàíäûқ êåñ³íä³ñ³íäå Қîëàéëû àóà ðàéûíûң æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñқà әñåð. Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ êөëåì³ àðòàä,AD қèñûғû æûëæûìàéäû,Îң ûқïàë åòåä³ Қîëàéëû àóà ðàéûíûң æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñқà әñåð³. AS қèñûғû қîçғàëìàé,Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ êөëåì³ àðòàäû,AD қèñûғû æûëæûìàéäû Құðûëûìäûқ æұìûññûçäûқ: Ìәæáүðë³,ұçàқ ìåðç³ìä³ ñèïàòòû,Өíä³ðñòåã³ òåõíîëîãèÿëûқ өçãåð³ñòåðãå áàéëàíûñòû,Æұìûñ êүø³íå ñұðàíûñ құðûëûìûíûң өçãåðó³íå áàéëàíûñòû Құðûëûìäûқ æұìûññûçäûқòûң ïàéäà áîëó ñåáåá³: +Æàңà ìàìàíäûқòû èãåðóä³ң қèûíäûқòàðû + Ғûëûìè-òåõíèêàëûқ ïðîãðåññ íәòèæåñ³í³ң åíã³ç³ëó³ + Ýêîíîìèêàäà êåéá³ð ìàìàíäûқòàð қàæåòò³ë³ã³í³ң áîëìàóû Құðûëûìäûқ æұìûññûçäûқ:+Өíä³ð³ñòåã³ òåõíîëîãèÿëûқ өçãåð³ñòåðìåí áàéëàíûñòû+Ìàìàíäûғû «åñê³ð³ï», қàæåò åìåñ áîëғàí òүëғàëàðìåí ñèïàòòàëàäû +Ìåêåìåäåã³ қûñқàðòóғà áàéëàíûñòû áîñàғàíäàð Құðûëûìäûқ æұìûññûçäûқ:+Ұçàқ ìåðç³ìä³+Êåéá³ð ìàìàíäûқòàðғà ñұðàíûñ өçãåðãåíäå ïàéäà áîëàäû+Өíä³ð³ñòåã³ òåõíîëîãèÿëûқ өçãåð³ñòåðãå áàéëàíûñòû Қûñêà ìåðç³ìä³ê êåçåңäå: Áàғàëàð äåңãåé³ òұðàêòû, Өíä³ð³ñ ôàêòîðëàðû òîëûқ ïàéäàëàíûëìàéäû, Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ êөëåì³ àéíûìàëû Қûñқà ìåðç³ìä³ êåçåíäå àғûìäàғû қîëäà áàð òàáûñ өñêåí ñàéûí:+Қîð æèíàóғà øåêò³ áåé³ìä³ë³êөñåä³+ÀÐÑ êåìèä³, APS өñåä³+Îòáàñû òàáûñûíûң өñó³ìåí òұòûíóғà êåòêåí øûғûí áөë³ã³ ñàëûñòûðìàëû қûñқàðàäû æәíå қîð æèíàғû ñàëûñòûðìàëû өñåä³ Қûñқà ìåðç³ìä³ êåçåңäå ұñûíûñòûң êîëàéñûç ñ³ëê³í³ñ³ íåãå êåëåä³: Өíä³ð³ñ øûғüøäàðûíûң өñó³íå,Òàóàðëàð ìåí қûçìåò êөðñåòóëåðä³ң қûìáàòãàóûíà,Áàғà äåңãåé³ өñåä³
ËËËËËËËËËËËËËË Ëàñïåéðåñ æәíå Ïààøå èíäåêñòåð³í³ң àéûðìàøûëûқòàðû:+Ïààøå èíäåêñ³í åñåïòåãåíäå àғûìäàғû æûëäàғû òàóàðëàðäû òұòûíó+Ïààøå èíäåêñ³í åñåïòåãåíäå àғûìäàғû êåçåң³íäååã³ òàóàðëàð қîðæûíûíûңқұðûëûìû àëûíàäû +Ëàñïåéðåñ èíäåêñ³í åñåïòåóäå àғûìäàғû æûëäàғû òàóàðëàðäû òұòûíó құðûëûìûíûң өçãåðó³ åñêåð³ëìåéä³ Ëàñïåéðåñ èíäåêñ³í åñåïòåóäå: Áàçàëûқ êåçåңäåã³ òàóàðëàð қîðæûíûíûң құðûëûìû àëûíàäû, Àғûìäàғû æûëäàғû òàóàðëàðäû òұòûíó құðûëûìûíûң өçãåðó³ åñêåð³ëìåéä³, Қûìáàò òàóàðëàðäû àðçàí òàóàðëàðìåí àëìàñòûðó åñêåð³ëìåéä³ Ëàôôåð қèñûғûíà ñәéêåñ:+Ñàëûқ ìөëøåðëåìåñ³í³ң ұäàéû өñó³íå áîëìàéäû +Ìåìëåêåòò³ê áþäæåòêå ñàëûқ òүñ³ìäåð³ òåê+Ñàëûқ ìөëøåðëåìåñ³ æәíå ìåìëåêåòò³ê áþäæåòêå òóñêåí ñàëûқ òүñ³ìäåð³ àðàñûíäà өçàðà áàéëàíûñ áàð
ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌ Ì1 àқøà àãðåãàòûí құðàóøû: Қîëìà-қîë àқøà, Àғûìäûқ øîòòàғû қàðæû, Àêöèÿëàð Ì2 àқøà àãðåãàòûíûң құðàìûíà ê³ðåä³: Êүì³ñ,Êîììåðöèÿëûқ áàíêòåðäåã³ ìåðç³ìä³ ñàëûìäàð, Âåêñåëü Ìàêðîòàëäàóäûң íåã³çã³ ìәñåëåñ³:+ұëòòûқ ýêîíîìèêàғà әñåð åòåò³í íåã³çã³ ôàêòîðëàðäû àíûқòàó+íàðûêòàғû òàóàðëàðäûң қүðûëóû+ìàêðîòұðàқòûëûқòû êàëûïòàñòûðó Ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàäà ìàңûçäû äåï åñåïòåëåò³í “қîð-àғûí” ұғûìûíûң êөðñåòê³øòåð³: +Қîð æәíå áàéëûқ+Èíâåñòèöèÿ æәíå íåã³çã³ êàïèòàë+Àғûìäàғû îïåðàöèÿ øîòòàðû æәíå øåòåë èíâåñòèöèÿñûíûң ñàëüäîñû Ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ çåðòãåóäå қîëäàíûëàäû :Ôèëèïñ, Ëàôôåð қèñûқòàðû,Êåéíñ êðåñ³,ÀD - ÀS,1S— LÌ үëã³ëåð³ Ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ ñàÿñàò: Áþäæåò-íåñèå ñàÿñàòû,Àқøà-íåñèå ñàÿñàòû,Ñûðòқû ñàóäà ñàÿñàòû Ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ үëã³. Әðòүðë³ ýêîíîìèêàëûқ құáûëûñòàð ìåí үðä³ñ àðàñûíäà ïàéäà áîëàòûí ôóíêöèîíàëäûқ áàéëàíûñ,Àøûқ ýêîíîìèêàíûң àéíàëûì үëã³ñ³,AD-AS Ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ үëã³: Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ ñóáüåêò³í³ң қûçìåò åòó³í³ң áåéíåñ³,Àøûқ ýêîíîìèêàíûң àéíàëûì үëã³ñ,Òұòûíóøû òàëғàìûíûң íàқòû áåéíåñ³ Ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ үëã³ëåð³: Ôèëèïñ ïåí Ëàôôåð қèñûғû, Ñîëîó үëã³ñ³, Êåéíñ êðåñ³ Ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàíûң àãðåãàòòàëғàí êөðñåòê³øòåð³:+ Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ+Æàëïû ³øê³ өí³ì+ Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ Ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàíûң åðåêøå áåëã³ëåð³ :Èíôëÿöèÿíûң ñåáåïòåð³í òàëäàó,Àқøà àéíàëûñûíûң æәíå ýêîíîìèêàëûқ æүéåäåã³ òåïå-òåңä³êò³ çåðòòåó,Òұòàñòàé ýêîíîìèêàíûң қûçìåò åòó³í³ң æàëïû çàңäûëûқòàðûí çåðòòåó Ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàíûң ñïåöèôèêàëûқ әä³ñ:+ Үëã³ëåð құðó + Ñòàòèñòèêàëûқ әä³ñ + Êөðñåòê³øòåðä³ àãðåãàòòàó Ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàíûң ñïåöèôèêàëûқ әä³ñ³:+Êөðñåòê³øòåðä³ àãðåãàòòàó æәíå үëã³ëåð құðó+Àғûì ìåí èíúåêöèÿ әä³ñ + Қîð ìåí àғûìäû åñêåðó әä³ñ³ Ìàêðîýêîíîìíêàëûқ ñàÿñàò құðàëäàðû: +Áþäæåò-ñàëûқ ñàÿñàòû+ Àқøà-íåñèå ñàÿñàòû+Ñûðòқû ñàóäà ñàÿñàòû Ìîíåòàðëûқ ñàÿñàò құðàëäàðû:+ Ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³í өçãåðòó +Àøûқ íàðûқòàғû îïåðàöèÿëàð +̳íäåòò³ ðåçåðâòåð íîðìàñûí өçãåðòó ̳íäåòò³ ðåçåðâò³ê íîðìà (ìөëøåðëåìå). Åң àëäûìåí àқøà ìàññàñûí øåêòåó құðàëû ðåò³íäå åíã³ç³ëåä³,Ұëòòûқ Áàíêïåí òàғàéûíäàëàäû,Êîììåðöèÿëûқ áàíêòåðäåã³ ñîìàëàðûíûң á³ð áөë³ã³ ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ Íàқòû ƲӨ ñèïàòû:+Íîìèíàëäû ƲӨ êөëåì³ ìåí áàғàëàð èíäåêñ³íå áàéëàíûñòû+Àғûìäûқ áàғàëàð íåã³ç³íäå åñåïòåëåä³+Èíôëÿöèÿ äåңãåé³ åñêåð³ëåä Íàқòû àéûðáàñ áàғàìûíà әñåð åòåò³í ôàêòîðëàð: + Èíâåñòèöèÿëûқ ñұðàíûñòûң өçãåðó³+Ñûðòқû ñàóäà ñàÿñàòûíûң әñåð³ +Åëä³ң ³ø³íäåã³ áþäæåò-ñàëûқ ñàÿñàòû Íàқòû àéûðáàñ áàғàìûíà әñåð åòåò³í ôàêòîðëàð: +ìåìëåêåòò³ê ñàëûқòàðäûң өçãåðó+èíâåñòèöèÿíûң ñұðàíûñû +ìåìëåêåòò³ê æèíàқòûң өçãåðó³ Íàқòû ƲӨ өëøåíåä³: + Áàçèñò³ê æûëäàғû áàғàëàðìåí+Èíôëÿöèÿíû åñêåð³ï, áàғà èíäåêñ³ àðқûëû+Өòêåí óàқûòòàғû áàғàëàðìåí Íåã³çã³ ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ ñóáúåêò³ëåð Ұëòòûқ òұòûíóøûëàð æèûíòûғû á³ðòұòàñ ñóáúåêò ðåò³íäå,Ôèðìà,Ìåìëåêåò Íåîêëàññèêàëûқ æәíå êåéíñò³ê êөçқàðàñòàðғà îðòàқ үëã³:+ ÀD-ÀS+ ²S-LÌ + ²S-LÌ, ÀD-ÀS Èíâåñòèöèÿ äèíàìèêàñûí àíûқòàíòûí ôàêòîðëàð: +Ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³í³ң өçãåðó³+Æèûíòûқ òàáûñ äèíàìèêàñû + Íàқòû ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³ Íîìèíàëäû ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³í³ң өçãåðó ñåáåá³+Èíôëÿöèÿ қàðқûíûң өçãåðó³+ Ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³ ìåí èíôëÿöèÿ қàðқûíûíûң өçãåðó³ + Æұìûññûçäûқ қàðқûíûíûң өçãåðó³
ӨӨӨӨӨӨӨӨӨӨӨ Өíä³ð³ñò³ê ôóíêöèÿíûң êөëáåó áұðûøûíûң òàíãåíñ³:+ Êàïèòàëäûң әð á³ðë³êêå өçãåðãåíäåã³ өí³ì êөëåì³í àíûқòàéäû+ ÌÐÊ-íû àíûқòàéäû + Êàïèòàëäûң øåêò³ өí³ì³íå ñәéêåñ Өíåðêәñ³á³ өðêåíäåãåí ìåìëåêåòòåðäå àқøà æèûíû құðàìûí àíûқòàó үø³í қîëäàíûëàòûí àãðåãàòòàð: L,M1,M2,M3
ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ Ïðîòåêöèîíèñò³ê ñàóäà ñàÿñàòûíûң åðåêøåë³ã³: +Ұëòòûқ ýêîíîìèêàíû қîëäàó ñàÿñàòû +Òàçà ýêñïîðò өñåä³ +Òåңäåñò³ê íàқòû âàëþòà áàғàìû өñåä³ ÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ Ð. Ñîëîó үëã³ñ³íäåã³ òåõíîëîãèÿëûқ өçãåð³ñòåð³: Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñó ғûëûìè-òåõíèêàëûқ ïðîãðåñêå íåã³çäåëåä³,Өíä³ð³ñò³ê ôóíêöèÿ Y=F(K,L*E) àðқûëû ñèïàòòàéäû,Åңáåê òè³ìä³ë³ãí³ң òұðàқòû қàðқûíûíûң өñó³íå áàéëàíûñòû Ð. Ñîëîó ìîäåë³ áîéûíøà á³ð æұìûñáàñòûíû åñåïêå àëғàíäà өíä³ðó êөëåì³í³ң òұðàқòû өñó³ êåëåñ³ìåí òүñ³íä³ð³ëåä³. Òұòûíó äåңãåé³ êàïèòàëғà òәóåëä³, Ғûëûìè æåò³ñò³êòåð³í өíä³ð³ñêå åíä³ðóìåí,Èíâåñòèöèÿíûң өñó³ìå í Ð.Ñîëîó ìîäåë³ áîéûíøà á³ð æұìûñáàñòû åñåïêå àëғàíäà øûғàðó êөëåì³í³ң òұðàқòû өñó³ êåëåñ³ìåí òүñ³íä³ð³ëåä³: + Òåõíîëîãèÿëûқ ïðîãðåñïåí +Èíâåñòèöèÿ өñó³ìåí+Ғûëûìè æåò³ñò³êòåð³í өíä³ð³ñêå åíä³ðóìåí Ð.Ñîëîó үëã³ñ³íäåã³ қîð æèíàóäûң òè³ìä³ íîðìàñû: +Ý.Ôåëïñòûң «Àëòûí åðåæåñ³íå» ñәéêåñ + «Àëòûí åðåæåãå» ñәéêåñ + Ý.Ôåëïñòûң åðåæåñ³íå ñәéêåñ Ðåçåðâòåó íîðìàñû òәóåëä³:+Ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³ өñó³íåí + Àқøà æèûíûíûң өçãåðó³íå+Àқøà ìóëüòèïëèêàòîðûíà
ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ñîëîó үëã³ñ³í³ң ýêçîãåíä³ àéíûìàëûëàðû: S – қîð æèíàғûíûң íîðìàñû,G – òåõíèêàëûқ ïðîãðåññ êàðқûíû,N – õàëûқòûң өñó қàðқûíû Ñîëîó үëã³ñ³íäå æèûíòûқ ñұðàíûñòû àíûêòàéòûí ôàêòîð: Á³ð æұìûñáàñòûғà øàққàíäàғû èíâåñòèöèÿ, Á³ð æұìûñáàñòûãà øàққàíäàғû èíâåñòèöèÿ æәíå òұòûíó, Á³ð Æұìûñáàñòûғà øàққàíäàғû òұòûíó Ñîëîó үëã³ñ³íäå æèûíòûқ ñұðàíûñòû àíûқòàéòûí ôàêòîð: Á³ð æұìûñáàñòûғà øàққàíäàғû òұòûíó, Á³ð æұìûñáàñòûғà øàққàíäàғû èíâåñòèöèÿ, Á³ð æұìûñáàñòûғà øàққàíäàғû íèâåñòèöèÿ æәíå òұòûíó Ñîëîó үëã³ñ³í³ң ýêçîãåíä³ àéíûìàëûëàð. R-ïàéûç ìөëø³,n-õàëûқòûң өñó қàðқûíû, g-òåõíèêàëûқ ïðîãðåññ қàðқûíû Ñòàãôëÿöèÿ êåç³íä .Èíôëÿöèÿ ìåí æұìûññûçäûқòûң өñó³,Îðòàøà øûғûíäàð àðòà òүñ³ï, æèûíòûқ ñұðàíûñ àçàÿäû,Өíä³ð³ñò³ң òîқûðàóû ìåí қàòàð èíôëÿöèÿ ìåí æұìûññûçäûқ àðòà òүñåä Ñûðòқû ñàóäà ñàÿñàòûíûң ìàқñàòû. Ýêñïîðòòû ûíòàëàíäûðó, Îòàíäûқ òàóàðäû ñûðòқà êөá³ðåê өòê³çó,Èìïîðòòû øåêòåó ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Òàáûñòàð әä³ñ³ áîéûíøà ƲӨ åñåïòåóäå қîëäàíûëàäû. Êîðïîðàöèÿëàð ïàéäàñû,Æàëàқû,Êàïèòàëғà ïàéûç Òàáûñòàð ìåí øûғûíäàð үëã³ñ³íäå «èíúåêöèÿ» êөðñåòê³øòåð³: Ìåìëåêåòò³ê øûғûíäàð, Èíâåñòèöèÿëàð, Îòàíäûқ ýêñïîðòòàëғàí òàóàðëàðäû ñàòûï àëóғà æұìñàғàí øåòåë òұòûíóøûëàðûíûң øûғûíäàðû Òàғàéûíäàëàòûí áàғàì ðåæèì³íäå òåңäåñò³ê áàғàíûң өñó³:+Âàëþòàëûқ èíòåðâåíöèÿ +Ұëòòûқ âàëþòàíûң қûìáàòòàóû +Äåâàëüâàöèÿ Òàғàéûíäàëàòûí âàëþòà áàғàìû әä³ñ³í³ң åðåêøåë³ã³. Ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ òұðàқòàíäûðó үø³í âàëþòà áàғàìû òұðàқòàíäûðûëàäû, Âàëþòà áàғàìûí ұëòòûқ áàíê òàғàéûíäàéäû, Âàëþòà òàïøûëûғûí ìåìëåêåò æîþ êåðåê Òàғàéûíäàëàòûí âàëþòà æàғäàéûíäàғû òàïøûëûқòû æîþ әä³ñòåð³: Ñàóäà ñàÿñàòû,Ðåçåðâòåðä³ қîëäàíó,²øê³ ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ ðåòòåóëåð Òàóàð-àқøà òåïå-òåңä³ã³í³ң үëã³ñ³: Æàëïû ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ òåңäåñò³ê óëã³ñ³, ²S-LM,AD-AS Òàóàðëàð ìåí қûçìåòòåð íàðûғûíäà òåïå-òåңä³êêå æåòó үëã³ñ³í³ң íåã³ç³: Òåïå-òåңä³ê òàáûñòàð øûғûíäàðғà òåң áîëғàíäà қàëûïòàñàäû, Òåïå-òåңä³ê ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³í³ң íàқòû ñòàâêàñûìåí àíûқòàëàäû, Òåïå-òåңä³ê қàëûïòàñàäû,åãåð S(Y)=I(r) Òåïå-òåңä³ê ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³ ìåí àêøà ìàññàñûíûң àóûòқó ñåáåá³: +Äåïîçèòòåð+Òàáûñ äåңãåé³í³ң өçãåðó³ +Áàíêò³ê ðåçåðâ íîðìàñû Òîëûқ æұìûñáàñòûëûқ қàìòàìàñûç åò³ëãåí ýêîíîìèêàäà ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñó øàðòû: S æәíå ²-ä³ң æîғàðû íîðìàñû, Қîð æèíàқòàó ìåí èíâåñòèöèÿíûң æîғàðû íîðìàñû, Қîð æèíàқòàó ìåí èíâåñòèöèÿ íîðìàëàðûíûң өñóëåð³ Òөëåì áàëàíñû äåôèöèò³íå әñåð åòåä³:+Àғûìäàғû îïåðàöèÿëàð øîòûíûң æàғäàéû +Êàïèòàë қîçғàëûñû øîòûíûң æàғäàéû +Àғûìäàғû îïåðàöèÿëàð øîòûíûң æàғäàéû ìåí êàïèòàë қîçғàëûñû øîòûíûң æàғäàéû Òөëåì áàëàíñû: +Êàïèòàë қîçғàëûñûíûң áàëàíñû íåã³ç³íäå åñåïòåëåä³+ Àғûìäàғû îïåðàöèÿëàð íåã³ç³íäå åñåïòåëåä³+Á³ð æûë ³ø³íäåã³ á³ð ìåìëåêåò ïåí åê³íø³ ìåìëåêåò àðàñûíäàғû áàðëûқ êåë³ñ³ìäåðä³,қîðûòûíäû æàçáàëàðäû ñèïàòòàéäû Òөëåì áàëàíñûíûң íåã³çã³ құðûëûìûíûң құðàóøûëàðû:+àғûìäàғû îïåðàöèÿëàð åñåá³ +ðåñìè ðåçåðâòåð åñåá³+êàïèòàë қîçғàëûñûíûң åñåá³ Òөìåíäå áåð³ëãåíäåðä³ң қàéñûñû ñұðàíûñ ñ³ëê³í³ñ³ìåí áàéëàíûñòû:+Àқøà ñұðàíûñûíûң êүðò өçãåð³ñ³+Èíâåñòèöèÿëûқ ñұðàíûñòûң òîñûí өçãåð³ñ³+Àқøà àéíàëûìû æûëäàìäûғûíûң êүðò өçãåð³ñ³ Òөìåíäå áåð³ëãåíäåðä³ң қàéñûñû ұñûíûñ ñ³ëê³í³ñìåí áàéëàíûñòû: Êәñ³ïîäàқ êүðåñ,Õàëûқàðàëûқ ìұíàé êîðòåëüäåð³í³ң áàғàíû òîñûííàí òөìåíäåòó³,òîñûííàí қûìáàòòàғàí өí³ìä³ ұñûíó Òөìåíäå êөðñåò³ëãåíäåðä³ң êàéñûñû ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñó ôàêòîðëàðûíà æàòàäû:+Òåõíîëîãèÿëàðäû өíä³ð³ñòå қîëäàíó + Òàáèғè ðåñóðñòàðäûң ñàíû ìåí ñàïàñû + Åңáåê ðåñóðñòàðûíûң ñàíû ìåí ñàïàñû Òұòûíó áàғàëàðûíûң èíäåêñ³:+Òұòûíóøûëàðäûң êûçìåòòåð ìåí òàóàðëàðäû ñàòûï àëó áàғàëàðûí åñêåðåä³ +Өçãåðìåéò³í êûçìåòòåð ìåí òàóàðëàð æèûíûíà åñåïòåë³íåä³ +Қûçìåòòåð ìåí òàóàðëàð «қîðæûíûíûң» îðòàøà áàғàëàðûíûң өçãåðó³íñèïàòòàéäû Òұòûíó æәíå қîð æèíàғûíûң äèíàìèêàñûí àíûқòàéòûí ôàêòîðëàð: Ñàëûқ ñàëó äåңãåé³, Òұòûíóøû қàðûçäàðûíûң êөëåì³,Òàçà òàáûñòûң êүò³ë³ï îòûðàòûí íîðìàñû Òұòûíó áàғàëàðûíûң èíäåêñ³ (ÒÁÈ) ìåí ƲӨ äåôëÿòîðû êөðñåòê³øòåð³ àðàñûíäàғû àéûðìàøûëûқ: ÒÁÈ қûçìåòòåð ìåí òàóàðëàð «қîðæûíûíûң» îðòàøà áàғàëàðûíûң өçãåðó³í ñèïàòòàéäû,ÒÁÈ өçãåðìåéò³í қûçìåòòåð ìåí òàóàðëàð æèûíûíà åñåïòåë³íåä³,ƲӨ äåôëÿòîðû өçãåðìåë³ òàóàðëàðæèíàғûíà åñåïòåëåä³ Òұòûíó æәíå қîð æèíàғûíûң äèíàìèêàñûí àíûқòàéòûí ôàêòîðëàð: Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ êүòó,Áàғà äåңãåé³,Äàғäàðûñòûң áîëóû Òұòûíó æәíå қîð æèíàғûíûң äèíàìèêàñûí àíûқòàéòûí ôàêòîðëàðû:+Үé øàðóàøûëûғûíûң òàáûñû+Өíä³ð³ñ òåõíîëîãèÿñûíäàғû өçãåð³ñòåð+ Үé øàðóàøûëûғûíäà æèíàëғàí áàéëûқ Òұòûíó ôóíêöèÿñû áåð³ëãåí Ñ=25+0.7(y-T) Îñû ôóíêöèÿíûң êîýôèöåíòòåð³íå ýêîíîìèêàëûқ òүñ³í³êòåìå áåð³ңäåð: +Қîëäàғû òàáûñòûң 70% òұòûíóғà,àë 30% қîðғà æèíàëàäû + Àâòîíîìäûқ òұòûíó =25,àë қîëìà-қîë òàáûñòûң á³ð òåңãåñ³íåí 0,7-³ òұòûíóғà,àë 0,3-³ қàðàæàò қîð æèíàқòàóғà áàғûòòàëàäû+ 0,7 êîýôèöåíò³ òұòûíóғà äåãåí øåêò³ áåé³ìä³ë³êò³ êөðñåòåä³ Òұòûíó ôóíêöèÿñû ìûíàëàðäûң àðàñûíäàғû áàéëàíûñòû êөðñåòåä³:+Àâòîíîìäû òұòûíó,òұòûíóғà øåêò³ áåé³ìä³ë³ê æәíå қîëäàғû áàð òàáûñ+ Òұòûíó ìåí қîëäàғû òàáûñ+ Òұòûíó êөëåì³,æàëïû òàáûñ æәíå ñàëûқ àðàñûíäàғû áàéëàíûñòû Òұòûíóғà øåêò³ áåé³ìä³ë³ê – îë: Òұòûíó өñ³ì³í³ң қîëäàғû òàáûñ өñ³ì³í³ң á³ðë³ã³íå қàòûíàñû,Òұòûíó êөëåì³í³ң өñ³ì³ ìåí қîëäà áàð òàáûñòûң өñ³ì³í³ң қàòûíàñû, Òұòûíó êөëåì³ қîëäàғû áàð òàáûñ өñ³ìøåñ³íå êåð³ ïðîïîðöèîíàë Òұòûøó áàғàñûíûң èíäåêñ³ :«Қîðæûííûң» құðàìû áàçàëûқ æûë äåңãåé³íäå øåêòåëåä³,Ëàñïåéðåñ èíäåêñ,Қûçìåòòåð ìåí òàóàðëàð «қîðæûíûíûí» îðòàøà áàғàëàðûíûң өçãåðó³í ñèïàòòàéäû
ҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰ Ұçàқ ìåðç³ìä³ê êåçåңäå AS қèñûғû:Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ òұðàқòû áîëғàíäà áàғà äåңãåé³í³ң өçãåðåò³íä³ã³í êөðñåòåä³+Өç³í³ң ïîòåíöèàëäû (әëåóìåòò³) өíä³ð³ñ êөëåì³íäå òұðàäû, ÿғíè өí³ì òұðàқòû +Âåðòèêàë ñûçûқ Ұçàқ ìåðç³ì êåçåң³íäå ýêîíîìèêàäàғû өíä³ð³ñ äåңãåé³ ìûíàғàí áàéëàíûñòû àíûқòàëàäû: Èíâåñòèöèÿëûқ ñàëûìäàðғà, Åңáåê, êàïèòàë ìөëøåð³ ìåí òåõíîëîãèÿ äåңãåéí, Ғûëûìè-òåõíèêàëûқ ïðîãðåññ æåò³ñò³êòåð³íå Ұçàқ ìåðç³ìä³ êåçåңäå æұìûññûçäûқòûң òàáèғè äåңãåé³í³ң àðòóûí әñåð åòåä³:+Æұìûñ êүø³í³ң құðàìûíäà çåéíåòêåðëåð үëã³ñ³í³ң өñó³+Ýêîíîìèêàäàғû æè³ құðûëûìäûқ өçãåð³ñòåð+Æұìûñ êүø³í³ң құðàìûíäà æàñòàð үëåñ³í³ң өñó³ Ұқûïòûëûқ ïàðàäîêñûíûң ìәí³:+Қîғàìíûң êөá³ðåê үíåìäåóãå ұìòûëóûíàí àçûðàқ êөëåìäå қîð æèíàëóû+Êөá³ðåê æèíàқòàóғà ұìòûëó áұðûíғû êөëåì³íåí êåì æèíàқòàóғà әêåëåä³+Æèíàқòàóäûң өñó³ èíâåñòèöèÿíû өñ³ðìåéä³ Ұëòòûқ áàíê қûçìåò³ :Åñåïò³ê ìөëøåðëåìåí³ ðåòòåó,Қàғàç àқøà áåëã³ëåð³í ýìèññèÿëàó,Àқøà íàðûғûíäàғû òåïå òåңä³êò³ ðåòòåó Ұëòòûқ äåңãåéäåã³ қîғàìäûқ өíä³ð³ñò³ң íәòèæåëåð³í àíûқòàéòûí ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ êөðñåòê³øòåð: ұëòòûқ òàáûñ,ұëòòûқ өí³ì,ұëòòûқ áàéëûê Ұëòòûқ áàíê àқøà ұñûíûñûí àçàéòñà. Қûñқà ìåðç³ìä³ê êåçåңäå áàғà èêåìñ³ç, AD қèñûғû ñîëғà қàðàé æûëæèäû, Æèûíòûқ ñұðàíûñòûң қûñқàðóû áàéқàëàäû Ұëòòûқ áàíê àқøà ұñûíûñûí àçàéòñà:+Қûñқà ìåðç³ìä³ê êåçåíäå áàғà èêåìñ³ç +Æèûíòûқ ñұðàíûñòûң қûñқàðóû áàéқàëàäû +AD қèñûғû ñîëғà қàðàé æûëæèäû Ұëòòûқ âàëþòà æåò³ñïåóø³ë³ã³í³ң æîþäûң òәñ³ëäåð³: Øåòåë âàëþòàñûíà ñұðàíûñòû өñ³ðó + ²øê³ ìàêðîýêîíîìèêàëûқ ðåòòåó + Ðåçåðâòåðä³ қîëäàíó+ Âëþòàëûқ áàқûëàó æүðã³çó³ Ұëòòûқ òàáûñ (ҰÒ): Áàðëûқ òàáûñòàðäûң қîñûíäûñû,ÆҰӨ-àìîðòèçàöèÿ-æàíàìà ñàëûқòàð,ÒҰӨ-æàíàìà ñàëûқòàð Ұëòòûқ òàáûñòû åñåïòåóäå êåëåñ³ëåð åñåïêå àëûíàäû. Êîðïîðàöèÿëàð ïàéäàñû ìåí ìåíø³êòåí àëûíàòûí òүñ³ì,Ðåíòà ìåí òàçà ïàéûç,Åңáåê àқû ìåí æàëàқû Ұñûíûñ èíôëÿöèÿñûíûң ñåáåïòåð³. Ìåìëåêåòò³ê ýêîíîìèêàëûқ ñàÿñàò, Ýëåêòðîýíåðãèÿ áàғàñûíûң өñó³, Øèê³çàò áàғàñûíûң өñó³ Ұñûíûñ ñ³ëê³í³ñ³ìåí áàéëàíûñòû.Òîñûííàí қûìáàòòàғàí өí³ìä³ ұñûíó,Êәñ³ïîäàқ êүðåñ³,Õàëûқàðàëûқ ìұíàé êàðòåëüäåð³í³ң áàғàíû òîñûííàí òөìåí äåòó³ Ұñûíûñòûң íåãàòèâò³ ñ³ëê³í³ñ³ ìûñ, ýíåðãåòèêà òàñûìàëäàóøûғà áàғàëàðäûң өñó³ êûñқà ìåðç³ìä³ óàқûòòà íåãå әêåëåä³ + Ñàòó êөëåì³í³ң òөìåíäåó³íå + Áàғàëàðäüù өñó³ ìåí ñàòó êөëåì³í³ң æîғàðëàóûíà +Áàғàëàðäûң өñó³íå Үé øàðóàøûëûғû қîð æèíàғûíûң ìîòèâòåð³+ Êåçäåéñîқ æàғäàéëàðäàí ñàқòàíó + Ìàқñàòòû êóíäåðãå (òîéғà) àқøà æèíàó+ Áàëàëàðäûң áîëàøàғûí қàìòàìàñûç åòó
ÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔ Ôèëëèïñ ñûçûғû êөðñåòåä³: Èíôëÿöèÿ қàðқûíû ìåí æұìûññûçäûқ äåңãåé³ өç àðà қàðàìà-қàðñû,Қûñқà ìåðç³ìä³ê êåçåíäå æұìûññûçäûқ êåì³ãåíäå èíôëÿöèÿ өñåä³,èíôëÿöèÿ қàðқûíû ìåí æұìûññûçäûқ äåңãåé³ àðàñûíäàғû êåð³ áàéëàíûñ Ôèðìà èíâåñòèöèÿëàðûíûң ìîòèâòåð³: +Íàқòû ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåëåð³ +Ïàéäà òàáó ìàқñàòû+Òàçà ïàéäà íîðìàñûí áàðûíøà êөáåéòó Ôèñêàëäû ñàÿñàò òөëåì áàëàíñû æàғäàéûíà êåëåñ³ áàғûòòà әñåð åòåä³: Òàáûñ äåңãåé³ ìåí ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³ àðқûëû,Ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³ àðқûëû,Òàáûñ äåңãåé³íå әñåð àðқûëû Ôèøåð èíäåêñ³:+ Ëàñïðåéñ èíäåêñ³íå òәóåëä³+Ïààøå èíäåêñ³íå òәóåëä³+Ëàñïðåéñ æәíå Ïààøå èíäåêñòåð³í³ң îðòàøàëàíäûðàäû Ôèøåð òåңäåó³í³ң құðàóøûñû. Èíôëÿöèÿ қàðқûíû, Íàқòû ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³ æәíå èíôëÿöèÿ қàðқûíû, Íàқòû ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³ Ôèøåð òåңäåó³í³ң құðàóøûñû: + Íàқòû ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³ + Íàқòû ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³ æәíå èíôëÿöèÿ қàðқûíû+ Èíôëÿöèÿ қàðқûíû Ôðèêöèîíäûқ æұìûññûçäûқ. Æàңà æұìûñ îðíûíà îðíàëàñóäû êүòó,Қûñқà ìåðç³ìä³,Ìåêåí æàé àóûñòûðóûíà áàéëàíûñòû ïàéäà áîëàäû
ØØØØØØØØØØ Øåò åë ìåìëåêåòòåð³íäå ûíòàëàíäûðóøû áþäæåò-ñàëûқ ñàÿñàò æүðã³çó íәòèæåñ³íäå: Èíâåñòèöèÿ äåңãåé³í òөìåíäåòåä³,Әëåìä³ê ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³í өñ³ðåä³,Әëåìä³ê ïàéûç ìөëøåðëåìåñ³í өçãåðòåä³ Øûғûí èíôëÿöèÿñû íåí³ң àðқàñûíäà äàìèäû :Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñòûң àçàþûíà,AS қèñûғûíûң ñîëғà æûëæóûíûң,Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ қèñûғûíûң ñîëғà æûëæóûíûң Øûғûíäàð әä³ñ³ áîéûíøà æàáûқ ýêîíîìèêàäàғû ƲӨ åñåïòåóäå: Òàóàðëàð ìåí қûçìåòòåðä³ ñàòûï àëó ìåìëåêåòò³ê øûғûíäàð,Ôèðìàëàðäûң èíâåñòèöèÿëûқ øûғûíäàðû,Үé øàðóàøûëûқòàðûíûң òұòûíó øûғûíäàðû Øûғûíäàð әä³ñ³ áîéûíøà ƲӨ åñåïòåóäå қîëäàíûëàäû + Èíâåñòèöèÿëàð+ Òұòûíó øûғûíäàðû+ Ìåìëåêåò øûғûíäàðû ²²ûғûí èíôëÿöèÿñû íåí³ң íәòèæåñ³íäå äàìèäû: +AS қèñûғûíûң ñîëғà æûëæóûíûң+Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñ қèñûғûíûң ñîëғà æûëæóûíûң +Æèûíòûқ ұñûíûñòûң àçàþûíàí
ÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝ Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñó òүð³:+Ýêñòåíñèâò³+Èíòåíñèâò³+Ýêñòåíñèâò³ æәíå èíòåíñèâò³ Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñó –áұë:+Қîðëàðäûң өñó³+ Ұëòòûқ өí³ìí³ң ñàíäûқ ұëғàþû æәíå ñàïàëûқ æåò³ëä³ð³ëó³+ Ұëòòûқ өí³ì ìөëøåð³í³ң ұçàқ ìåðç³ìä³ өñ³ òåíäåíöèÿñû Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñó қàëàé áåéíåëåíó³ ìүìê³í: + Өíä³ð³ñò³ê ìүìê³íø³ë³ê қèñûғûíûң îңғà æûëæóûìåí+ Өíä³ð³ñò³ê ìүìê³íø³ë³ê қèñûғûíûң æîғàðû îңғà æûëæóûìåí + Өíä³ð³ñò³ê ìүìê³íø³ë³ê қèñûғûíûң æîғàðû æûëæóûìåí Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñó ôàêòîðëàð .Òåõíîëîãèÿëàðäû өíä³ð³ñòå қîëäàíó,ңáåê ðåñóðñòàðûíûң ñàíû ìåí ñàïàñû,Òàáèғè ðåñóðñòàðäûң ñàíû ìåí ñàïàñû Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñó-áұë:+ Ұëòòûқ өí³ì ìөëøåð³í³ң ұçàқ ìåðç³ìä³ өñó òåíäåíöèÿñû +Ұëòòûқ өí³ìí³ң ñàíäûқ ұëғàéóû æәíå ñàïàëûқ æåò³ëä³ð³ëó³+ Қîðëàðäûң өñó³ Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñóä³ òåæåóø³ ôàêòîðëàð:+Ýêîëîãèÿëûқ øåêòåóëåð+Үê³ìåòò³ң òè³ìñ³ç ýêîíîìèêàëûқ ñàÿñàòû+Ðåñóðñòûқ øåêòåóëåð Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñóä³ ýêñòåíñèâò³ ôàêòîðëàðû:+Åңáåêøûғûíûíûң àðòóû+Қîðëàðäûң øûғûíäàðûí өñ³ðó+Êàïèòàë øûғûíûíûң àðòóû Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñóä³ң áåéíåëåíó³:+Өíä³ð³ñò³ê ìүìê³íø³ë³ê қèñûғûíûң îңғà æûëæóûìåí+ Өíä³ð³ñò³ê ìүìê³íø³ë³ê қèñûғûíûң æîғàðû îңғà æûëæóûìåí+Өíä³ð³ñò³ê ìүìê³íø³ë³ê қèñûғûíûң æîғàðû æûëæóûìåí Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñóä³ң èíòåíñèâò³ ôàêòîðëàðû:+Òåõíîëîãèÿëûқ ïðîãðåññ+Қîðëàðäûң øûғûíäàðûí àçàéòó+Ðåñóðñòàðäû òè³ìä³ îðíàëàñòûðó Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñóä³ң үëã³ëåð³. Ð.Õàððîä үëã³ñ³, Ð.Ñîëîó үëã³ñ³, Å.Äîìàð үëã³ñ³ Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñóä³ң ôàêòîðëàðû: +Çàңäàðäû æàңàðòó +Êàïèòàë ìåí åңáåê øûғûíäàðûíûң өñó³ +Ғûëûìè-òåõíîëîãèÿëûқ ïðîãðåññ Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ ñàÿñàò қàëàé àòàëàäû, åãåð îíûң құðàëäàðû ñàëûқòàð ìåí ìåìëåêåòò³ê øûғûíäàð áîëñà: Èíâåñòèöèÿëûқ,Ìîíåòàðëûқ,Қûìáàò àқøà ñàÿñàòû Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ ñàÿñàò қàëàé àòàëàäû, åãåð îíûң құðàëäàðû ñàëûқòàð ìåí ìåìëåêåòò³ê øûғûíäàð áîë .Áþäæåò-ñàëûқ,Ôèñêàëäûқ,Äèñêðåöèÿëûқ ôèñêàëäûқ Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ öèêë: Æұìûññûçäûқ äåңãåé³í³ң êåçåңä³ê òåðáåë³ñ³, Өíä³ð³ñò³ң êåçåңä³ê òåðáåë³ñ³, Èíôëÿöèÿ äåңãåé³í³ң êåçåңö³ê òåðáåë³ñ³ Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ öèêëäåðä³ң ôàçàëàðû: құëäûðàó,өðëåó,øûң Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ öèêëä³ê äàìóûíûң ñåáåïòåð³:+Àқøàìàññàñûíûң òåðáåë³ñ³+Ýêîíîìèêàíûң äèíàìèêàëûқ êүé³ +Ýêîíîìèêàíûң òұðàқñûçäûғû Ýêîíîìèêàëûқ ³ñêåðë³ê öèêëäàð:+өíä³ð³ñò³ң өçãåðó³í àéòàìûç+æұìûñïåí қàìòûëó äåңãåé³í³ң өçãåðó³í àéòàìûç+èíôëÿöèÿíûң өçãåðó³í àéòàìûç Ýêñïàíñèÿëûқ àқøà-íåñèå ñàÿñàòû: +Ñûéàқû ìөëøåðëåìåñ³í³ң äåңãåé³í òөìåíäåó³íå áàéëàíûñòû+Íåñèå áåðó êөëåì³í êåңåéòóìåí ñèïàòòàëàäû +Àéíàëûìäàғû àқøà æèûíûíûң өñó³íå áàқûëàóäûң әëñ³çä³ã³ìåí ñèïàòòàëàäû Ýêñòåíñèâò³ ýêîíîìèêàëûқ өñó :Ñàïàñû òұðàқòû áîëғàíäà,қîëäàíûëàòûí өíä³ð³ñ ôàêòîðûí өñ³ðó,Өíä³ð³ñò³ê ôàêòîðëàðäû өñ³ðó àðқûëû өíä³ðó,Æұìûñøûëûðäûң ñàíûí êөáåéòó Ïîèñê ïî ñàéòó: |
Âñå ìàòåðèàëû ïðåäñòàâëåííûå íà ñàéòå èñêëþ÷èòåëüíî ñ öåëüþ îçíàêîìëåíèÿ ÷èòàòåëÿìè è íå ïðåñëåäóþò êîììåð÷åñêèõ öåëåé èëè íàðóøåíèå àâòîðñêèõ ïðàâ. Ñòóäàëë.Îðã (0.051 ñåê.) |