The subject and methods of economic theory

Билеты по Микроэкономике.

1. The subject and methods of economic theory.

2. The economizing problems. The production possibilities curve.

3. Economic systems.

4. Demand. Law of demand. The demand curve.

5. Price elasticity of demand.

6. Cross and income elasticity of demand.

7. Supply. Law of supply. The supply curve.

8. Market equilibrium. Surplus and shortages.

9. Theory of consumer behavior: Utility – maximizing rule.

10. Theory of consumer behavior: the budget line and the indifference curve.

11. The cost of production: economic and accounting costs.

12. Types of profit: economic and accounting.

13. Terms of production relationship.

14. Short – run and long – run. Law of diminishing returns.

15. Types of revenue.

16. Short – run production costs.

17. Long – run production costs.

18. Economies and diseconomies of scale.

19. Market models.

20. Pure competition: characteristics.

21. Pure competition demand.

22. Pure competition – “TR –TC” approach.

23. Pure competition – “MR – MC” approach: maximizing profit.

24. Pure competition – “MR – MC” approach: minimizing losses.

25. Pure competition: short – run supply.

26. Profit – maximizing in the long –run.

27. Pure monopoly: characteristics.

28. Pure monopoly: barriers to entry.

29. Monopoly demand and supply.

30. The profit – maximizing position of monopoly.

31. The loss – minimizing position of monopoly.

32. Economic effects of monopoly.

33. Price discrimination.

34. Regulated monopoly.

35. Oligopoly: characteristics.

36. The leadership model of oligopoly.

37. Measures of industry concentration.

38. Resource market. Reasons for high productivity.

39. Market demand for a resource.

40. Labor market. Wages.

41. Interest. Economic rent.

42. Inadequate information involving sellers.

43. Inadequate information involving buyers.

44. Financial risks.,

The subject and methods of economic theory.

The method of analysis and synthesis - analysis involves the separation of the object or phenomenon on separate parts and determination of properties of a single element. With the help of the synthesis are a full picture of the phenomenon in general.

The method of induction and deduction - if the method of induction is the study of certain facts, principles, and the formation of general theoretical concepts on the basis of the results (from private to general.) The method involves the study of deduction from general principles, laws, when the theory are allocated to individual events.

The method of systematic approach - consider a separate phenomenon or process as a system consisting of a number of interrelated elements that interact and influence the effectiveness of the system as a whole.

The method of mathematical modeling - involves the construction of graphical, formal models, which describe in a simplified form separate economic phenomena or processes.

The method of abstraction - allows you to exclude from consideration some minor relationship between economic actors and will focus on the consideration of several subjects.

The subject:

1) political economy, are the subject of socio-economic relationships between people at different historical stages

2), the subject of economics is the behavior of people with limited resources and alternative use.

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