The Indicative mood

The Use of Tenses

Exercise 116.

Complete the sentences with the words from the box using them in the proper form of the Present Indefinite Tense.

1. The child,___to school every day. His father___him there in his car, 2. She always___ lunch at school. 3. Richard's life in Paris is a bit difficult. He___only English. 4. What's the matter? You.__„very sad. 5, Liz is good at tennis. She___every game. 6. It___quite reasonable. 7. Winter is warm here. It___very seldom. But sometimes it___.' 8. Helen is on a diet. She.___a

little. 9. He___in a hurry. 10. The exams at school___ in April.

Exercise 117.

Open the brackets and use the proper tense.

1. Linda and I (work) for a company, which (produce) automobiles. 2. We both (work) at an office which (be) just in front of the factory where cars (be made). 3, I (start) work at ten o'clock, and Linda (come) to the office at nine. 4. She (be) good at typing, she (write) letters and reports every day. 5. She (not know) French very well, so she often (go) to the sixth floor where I (work), 6.1 sometimes (help) her translate letters, as I (know) French rather well. 7. Linda also (answer) telephone calls, sometimes she (show) visitors around the factory. 8. She (do) common paperwork, she (write) memos, (file) reports, (answer) letters. 9. She often (arrange) meetings for her boss and other managers of the company. 10. You (understand) what her job (be)? Yes, she (be) a secretary. 11. But she (not like) her job and (want) to be a manager.

Exercise 118.

Find and correct fifteen mistakes in the spelling of the following present participles.

copiing, putting, translateing, telling, closing, sitting, seing, giving, meetting, being, forgeting, lieing, getting, filing, swimming, betting, quiting, spreadding, eatting, begining, paing, openning, cutting, forbiding, laying, splitting, winning, dying, stoping

Exercise 119.

Open the brackets and put tha verb into the Present Indefinite or the Present Continuous Tense.

1. Be quiet, please. We (work) at the translation and you (make) a lot of noise. 2. He always (go) for a walk in the evening. 3. Where is Jack? — He (meet) his girlfriend at the station. She (come) at 12 o'clock. 4. She (cry). Is something wrong? 5. In the morning I (have) little time, so I (take) a shower in the evening. 6. A decade (describe) a period of ten years. 7. Her brother (work) in Canada at present. 8. She always (dream) but (do) nothing to realize her dreams. 9. He (be) so suspicious to me at the moment. I wonder why. 10. Hurry up, Jane! We all (wait) for you. 11. Turn off the gas. Don't you see the kettle (boil)? 12. The children are still ill but they (get) better gradually. 13. Don't bother her. She (take) her French lesson: she always (take) it in the morning. 14. The living standards (change). Every month things (get) more expensive. 15. Tom and Mary (leave) for the Netherlands tomorrow. 16.1 have just started English courses. I (study) English grammar. 17. Mercury (boil) at 357.23 degrees Centigrade. 18. We must buy new plates. — It's useless. You always (break) plates. 19. It (surprise) me that they can't sell their flat. 20. A woman who (look) after other people's children is a nanny.

Exercise 120.

Correct the the verbs in bold type if the tenses are wrong.

1. The clock is striking, it's time to finish your studies. 2. They are understanding the problem now. 3. Where is John? — He prepares his lessons; he usually prepares them at that time. 4. They are glad to know that their son is coining home next week. 5. The evening is warm, but you are shivering. Is anything the matter? — Nothing serious, I am feeling cold. 6. Can I see Mr. Green? — I am sorry, you can't: he has dinner. 7. The soup is tasting delicious. 8. Now I am seeing what you are driving at. 9. He believes in God and is always going to church on Sundays. 10.1 am hating to speak to him. He is always complaining and forgetting what to do. 11. They are being so nice to me at present. I am feeling they are liking me. 12. He often changes his political view’s. Now he is belonging to the Conservative Party. 13. Look! Somebody tries to open your car. 14. Oh, I won't take this dish. It is smelling awful. 15. How can I recognize him? I haven't met him. — He is wearing a yellow leather jacket and green jeans. 16. She usually drinks tea in the morning, but today she drinks coffee. 17. The last train is leaving the station at 11.50. 18. He is wanting to buy a car, but first he must learn to drive, so he is taking his driving lessons. 19.1 can't stand him. He is liking to mock at people. He is always laughing at us when we meet. 20. Don't laugh at lessons, you are always laughing too much and the teachers are usually complaining of you.

Exercise 121.

Translate from Russian into English.

1. Питер обычно делает домашние задания перед ужином. 2. Почему ты идешь так быстро? — Я боюсь опоздать (miss) на поезд. Обычно я выхожу из дома раньше и иду медленно, 3, Какие новые предметы сту­денты изучают в этом году? 4. Почему он сегодня та­кой заботливый? Странно, обычно он ведет себя по-дру­гому. 5. Мистер Томпсон сейчас живет в Праге. — Что он там делает? — Он преподает английский. 6. Сегод­ня идет снег. Обычно зима здесь теплая, и снег идет редко. 7. Я не могу больше с вами разговаривать. По­чему вы всегда критикуете (criticize) все, что я делаю? 8. Что с тобой? Ты очень бледная. Как ты себя чувству­ешь? — У меня сильно болит голова. 9. Когда они уле­тают в Нью-Йорк? — На следующей неделе. 10, Что ты делаешь? Зачем ты кладешь соль в кофе? 11. Сейчас кризис, и цены растут очень быстро. 12. Как вкусно пахнет кофе! Сделай мне чашечку, только без сахара.

Exercise 122,

Open the brackets and give the proper forms of the Past Indefinite Tense.

1. The building of the trade centre (begin) a month ago. 2. It (be) bitterly cold yesterday. I (put) on my warm coat but I (catch) a cold still. 3. The postman (bring) the morning mail only at 10 o'clock. 4.1 (see) you the other day coming out of the library with a stack of books. Are you preparing for the exams? 5, We (have) a picnic yesterday, but the rain (spoil) the whole pleasure. 6. You (go) to the South when yoa (be) a child? 7. As soon as I came up, they (get) into a taxi and (go) away. 8. What sights you (see) when yon (be) in Egypt? 9. Every winter Nick (go) to the Swiss Alps to ski, 10, He (come) in, (take) off his hat, (move) a chair to the table and (join) the conversation. 11. When he (arrive)? — The plane was delayed and he (come) two hours later. 12. How much your bag (cost)? — I (pay) $80 for it.

Exercise 123,

Read an extract and open the brackets using the proper tenses.

Positano (stand) on the side of a steep hill and is a very picturesque place. In winter lots of painters, male and female, (crowd) its two or three modest hotels, but if you (come) there in summer you will have it to yourself. The hotel (be) clean and cool and there (be) a terrace where you can sit at night and look at the sea. Down on the quay there (be) a little tavern where they (offer) you macaroni, ham, fresh-caught fish and cold wine.

One August, tiring of Capri where I had been staying, I (make up) my mind to spend a few days at Positano, so I (hire) a fishing boat and (row) over, I (arrive) afc Positano in the evening. I (stroll) up the hill to the hotel, I (be surprised) to learn thai I was not its only guest. The waiter, whose name was Guiseppe, (tell) me that an American signorc had bееn staying there for three months. "Is he a painter or a writer or something?" I (ask). ''No, signore, he (bе) a gentleman. You will see the signore at the tavern. He аlways (dine) there," (say) G uiseppe.

Exercise 124.

A Give news about yourself and other people to a friend of yours. Use the words given to make sentences in the Present Perfect Tense.

Example: My sister/get married. —My sister has got married

1.1/find/a new job. 2. My father/retire. 3. Jane and Mike/go to work/to Australia. 4. I/buy/a new motorcycle. 5. My niece/start to walk. 6. The Browns/move/to another town. 7. Jack's Grandpa/die. 8. I/join/another football club. 9. Nick and Rita/divorce. 10. John/receive/ a fortune, he/become/a millionaire.

В Ask your friend who is in the USA questions about what he or his relatives have seen or done (use the Present Perfect Tense).

Example: You/have/a good journey? — Have you had a good journey?

1. You/already/see/the Great American Lakes? 2. You/be/to Broadway? 3. Mike/manage to see/the Statue of Liberty? 3. What/new places/your brother/show to you? 4. Ann/visit/the White House? 5. Your father/get/ promotion? 6. You/receive/your driving license? 7. Your brother/change/a car? 8, What kind of house/you/buy¹

С Say what you or your friends have not done yet (year, month, etc.).

Example: I/not be/to the theatre/this month. — / have not been to the theatre this month,

1. Sue/not read/Gone with the Wind/yet. 2. Jill/not enter/London University/this year. 3. Larry/not produce/ a new film/yet. 4. Peggy and Paul/not move/to another flat this month. 5. Pete/not finish/his project yet. 6. My cousin/not get married/this month. 7. Mrs. Brown/not recover/yet. 8. They/not go/on business/this week.

Exercise 125.

Open the brackets and put the verb into the correct tense, either the Present Indefinite, the Present Continuous or the Present Perfect.

1. As a rule, I (have) porridge for breakfast, but this morning I (order) an omelette. 2. This is the house where I (live). I (live) here since childhood. 3. Stop smoking! The room (be) full of smoke which (come) from your pipe. Usually nobody (smoke) here as Mother (not let) it. 4.1 (write) letters home once a week, but I (not write) one this week, so my next letter must be rather long. 5. No wonder she (look) tired after the strain under which she (be) for a month. 6. Why you (not shave) this morning? — I (shave) every other day. 7. Research (show) that lots of people (absorb) new information more efficiently at some times of day than at others. A biological rhythm (affect) different people in different ways. 8.1 just (look) at the barometer and (see) that it (fall) very quickly. 9. Don't shout so loudly. Father (not finish) work and he hates if anybody (make a noise) while he (work). 10.1 regularly (see) him at the tram stop, but I (not see) him these two or three days.

Exercise 126.

Open the brackets and put the verb into the correct tense, either the Past Indefinite or the Present Perfect.

1. You (find) the money which you (lose) yesterday? — Yes, I (find) it in the pocket of my coat when I (come) home. 2. The rain (stop) but a strong wind is still blowing, 3. You (see) Nick today? — Yes, but he already (leave). 4. We never (see) him. We don't even know what he looks like. 5. She (meet) them in the Globus theatre last afternoon. 6. How long you (know) him? — We (meet) in 1996, but we (not see) each other since last autumn. 7. He (live) in St. Petersburg for two years and then (go) to Siberia. 8. When he (arrive)? — He (arrive) at 2 o'clock. 9,1 (read) this book when I was at school. 10.1 can't go with you because I (not finish) my lessons yet. 11. The clock is slow. — It isn't slow, it (stop). 12. He (leave) for Canada two years ago and I (not see) him since. 13. This is the fifth cup of coffee you (have) today! I4.lt is the most beautiful place I (visit). 16 I (not see) Nick lately. Anything (happen) to him? ~- Yes, he (get) into an accident three weeks ago. Since that time he (be) in hospital. 16. Why you (switch on) the light? It isn't dark yet. 17. He (do) everything already? — Yes, he (do) his part of work long ago. 18. The last post (come)? — Yes, it (come) half an hour ago. 19. When you (meet) him last? 20. You ever (be) to Japan? — Yes, I (be) there the year when there was an earthquake. 21. The discussion already (begin). Why are you always late? 22. Why you (take) my pen while I was out? You (break) it. 23. You never (tell) me why you're called Tony when your name is John. 24, Her father (die) when she was a small girl. 25. They (not meet) since they (leave) school. 26. The rain (stop). Come out, I want to speak with you.

Exercise 127.

Match the two halves of these sentences.

1) He caught a cold a) all day.

2) She lias been interested, in maths b) before.

3) They went out c) since last year.

4) He has been in love with her d) when he was six.

5) The Nobel Fund was set up e) up to now.

6) He has been engaged at the plant f) when he had to wait for the bus.

7) He hasn't been abroad g) a few minutes ago.

8) I've visited seven countries h) in the first half of the 20^th century.

9) Mary and Nick have never quarrelled like i) since she began to study it.

this

10) My son started school j) for two years.

Exercise 128.

Choose che correct variant.

1 ___ever___ to this museum? — Yes, I___it once when I___a youth, and the pictures___ a deep impression on me. Since then I ___ there.

a) did you be, visited, was, made, was not

b) were you, visited, was, have made, was not

c) have you been, have visited, were, have made, have not been

d) have you been, visited, was, made, have not been

2.1___Jack lately. When___him last? — I___ mm two days ago. I___ that he ___very much.

a) did not see, have you seen, met, thought, changes

b) have not seen, did you see, met, think, changed

c) have not seen, you saw, met, think, changed

d) do not see, have you seen, have met, thought, would change

3, The Egyptian civilization.___ the oldest which___ us art. It___about five thousand years ago. The story of Egyptian art___three thousand years and__ the art of different periods.

a) is, left, began, covers, includes

b) was, leaves, has begun, covered, included

c) is, has left, \vas began, has covered₉ has included

d) has be?n, left, began, covers, included

4,___ your tennis racket with you? — Yes, I am going to show you how much I __ since last summer. I ___tennis lessons now. Now it___for you to judge if I ___ any progress,

a) did you bring, improved, take, is, have made

b) have you brought, improved, take, was, have made

c) did you bring, have improved, am taking, is, made

d) have you brought, have improved, am taking, is, have made

5.___lunch already? — No, not yet. The waitress my order fifteen minutes ago and___me anything yet.

a) have you, took, has not brought

b) have you had, took, has not brought

c) did you have, has taken, did not bring

d) have you have, was taken, was not brought

Exercise 129.

Translate the following sentences using the Past Indefinite or the Present Perfect.

1. Где мистер Андерсен? — Он уехал в Гаагу. — Когда? — Несколько дней тому назад. — А я никогда не был в Нидерландах, хотя хочу там побывать уже несколько лет. 2. Вы когда-нибудь были в Санта-Барбаре? — Да. — Когда вы там были в последний раз? — В прошлом году. 3. Где Анна? Почему она не пришла в институт? Я ее сегодня не видел. С ней что-нибудь случилось? — Да нет, Анна здесь. Она только что по­шла на лекцию. Но лекция уже началась, так что ты не сможешь сейчас с ней поговорить. 4. Вы были в театре на Бродвее? Что вы там смотрели? Когда вы там были в последний раз? 5. В последнее время я не получала писем (hear from) от своих родителей. — Когда ты получила последнее письмо? — Месяц на­зад. С тех пор я уже отправила им несколько писем. 6. Пойдемте в ресторан обедать. —• С удовольствием. Я еще не обедал. — А когда вы завтракали? — Поздно утром, но я уже давно хочу есть. 7. Погода изменилась со вчерашнего дня. Очень холодно, идет снег и дует сильный ветер. 8. Они уже ушли? — Да, они вышли ровно в семь. 9. Они познакомились полгода тому на­зад у моей подруги, но с тех пор не виделись. 10. Я скучаю по своей семье. Мне кажется, я не был дома уже целую вечность. Моя командировка длится уже полгода. 11. Вы уже написали контрольную работу? Покажите мне ее» 12. Давно вы приехали? Видели его? — Я приехала вчера, Я видела его и говорила с ним сегодня после завтрака. 13. Месяца три спустя он уехал в Африку, С тег пор они не встречались. 14, Я давно пришла сюда. Я здесь с 9 часов. 15, У тебя с тех пор немного потемнели волосы,, 16, Мы только что про­дали последний экземпляр этой книги. Жаль, что вы не сказали нам, что она вам нужна» 17. Когда я заболел? — Три дня назад. Я с ним со вчерашнего дня. 18, Я узнал ваш телефон в справочном бюро (enquiry office) и зво­нил вам несколько раз, но никто не отвечал. 19. Вы давно здесь? — Нет, я только что пришел. 20. Он на­учился плавать в детстве. Они тогда были на юге.

Exercise 130.

Complete the sentences with the verbs from the box using the Present Perfect Continuous Tense,

1. He __ for two hours, tell him to rest a little. 2 "I ___a long time for you," said my friend with a displeased air. 3. They___ a noise since I came here. 4. How long you___to get in touch with your friend? 5. Your face is dirty with paint. What you___? You___the house? 6. They___this problem for more than two hours. 7. I ask you to keep to the point, You___for fifteen minutes,

but the subject of your report is not clear yet. 8. He is a rather experienced specialist. He___his business for seven years. 9. There is a lot of snow in the street as it ___since yesterday. 10. How long your brother___as a doctor? 11. I've got sore feet. We___for six hours already.

Exercise 131

Open the brackets end put the verbs into the Present Perfect Continuous Tense orthe Present Perfect Tense.

1. I (try) to get into contact with them for a long time, but new I (give) it up as hopeless» 2, My shortsighted uncle (lose) Ins spectacles. We (look) for them everywhere but we can't find them, 3, She (be) of great help to us since she (live) for such a long time with us, 4. You ever (work) as interpreter? — Yes, thai is what I (do) for the last five months, 5. They (make up) their quarrel? — I don't know. I only know that they (not be) on speaking terms since September. 6. Our pilot (ask) for permission to take off for ten minutes already, but he (get) no answer yet. 7. A skilful photographer (help) me with the development of summer films for two weeks, but we (develop) only half of them, 8.1 (know) them since we met at Ann's party» 9. You (open) the door at last» I (ring) for an hour at least, it seems to me. 10. Look_s the typist (talk) all the time, she already (miss) several words.

Exercise 132

Open the brackets and pat the verbs into the proper tense, either the Present Continuous or the Present Perfect Continuous Tense.

1. Don't come in, He (take) an exam. He (take) his exam for half an hour already. 2, Where are the children? — They (play volleyball). They (play volleyball) since t\\o o'clock, 3. 1 (learn) to type for a month and can say that my typing (improve). 4. Nick (come) round to see as tonight. 5* He (stay) at his sister's for six weeks» He (try) to find somewhere to live. 6. We can't dance as my father (work) in the study. He (prepare) a report. He (v rite) it for the whole day. 7. Do you see what the child (do) with your hat? Тakе it from him. 8. They still (discuss) the article? But they (do) it since twelve o'clock! 9. The prices (go up)o They (rise) since 1991, 10. What a strong wind (blow)! It (blow) since yesterday.

Exercise 133,

Open the brackets and put the verbs into the proper tense (the Present Indefinite, the Present Continuous, the Present Perfect Continuous or the Present Perfect Tense).

1. It (snow) steadily the whole week and it still (snow). 2» We (climb) for six hours already, but we (not reach) the top of the mountain yet. 3. The pain already (go) but the child still (cry), 4. The workers (work) very hard these two weeks, they (be) busy with the interior decoration of the house» 5. He (solve) the crossword puzzle for an hour and he (say) he (be) about to solve it as he (think) over the last word о 6. He (work) at the language all the time and (make) great progress. His pronunciation (be) rather good, only a slight accent (remain). 7„ Не (finish) the first part of his book and now he (write) the second. He (work) at his book for two years, 8. Dusliri Hoffman, who (play) the hero, (give) a fine performance. 9. Why your hair (be) wet? You (swim)? 10, Doctors and scientists (show) recently the benefit of fish in the diet.

Exercise 134.

Translate into English.

1. Он наш тренер (trainer) с тех пор, как я начал иг­рать в этой команде. 2. Они уже приняли решение (take a decision) по этому вопросу? — Нет. Они все еще спорят (argue). Они обсуждают этот вопрос уже два часа и еще не пришли ни к какому решению, 3. Утро было солнеч­ное, но с одиннадцати погода изменилась, и сейчас идет дождь. 4. Чем вы занимаетесь с тех пор, как мы расста­лись (part)? 5. Мэри уже приехала? — Да, она уже здесь два дня. Она приехала в пятницу. 6. Студенты пишут контрольную работу уже два часа. Пока только двое сда­ли работы. 7. Гроза (thunderstorm) прошла, но небо покрыто темными тучами, и дует сильный ветер. 8. Вы прочитали книгу, которую я вам дала? 9. Вы плохо вы­глядите. Вы много работали на этой неделе? — Да. Я работаю над переводом уже десять дней, но сделала только половину. 10. Что здесь делает этот человек? — Он ждет секретаря. Она еще не пришла на работу.

Exercise 135.

Open the brackets and use either the Past Indefinite or the Past Continuous.

1, We (walk) in silence when he suddenly (ask) me to help him. 2.1 just (have) breakfast when the telephone (ring). When I came back to my coffee, it (be) cold. 3. When I (finish) my letter in the hall, a tall beautiful woman with red hair (enter). A dog (follow) her. 4. Ann (drop) two cups while she (wash up) last night, but neither of the cups (break). 5.1 (walk) along the street watching what (go on) around me. Fast cars (rush) in both directions and it (be) impossible to cross the street. 6. The old man who (sit) on the bench beside me (keep) silence. Then suddenly he (turn round) to me and (begin) to speak. 7.1 (stand) near the fence when suddenly I (hear) the voices. 8. He well (remember) the day when he first (go) to school. 9. We (talk) about Jim when he (run) into the room. 10. The day was marvelous: the sun (shine), the birds (sing) so we (decide) to go for a walk. 11. Miss Brown's telephone (ring) when she (dress). 12.1 (light) my pipe and (nod) to him to show that I (listen). 13. When he (come) into the office the secretary (do) a crosswords puzzle. 14. Why you (not listen) to me while I (speak)? 15. He (wait) for her, but she never (come).

Exercise 136.

Find the mistakes if any. Use the proper tense.

1. When I came, he was having breakfast. 2. When she worked there, she often made mistakes. 3. When he was phoning, she had a bath, 4. While I was ironing, he read a newspaper, 5.1 cooked supper when I heard this news. 6. He was working in this company in 1997. 7.1 could not answer your call, I worked in the garden then. 8. They wished to stay because they enjoyed themselves,

9, Were you quarreling all evening? 10. The train was approaching the city when it was raining heavily, 11. The secretary still typed when the boss came in and was putting some documents on the table. 12. When he came up to the square, he saw a lot of people: they sang, danced and shouted. They were celebrating New Year, 13. Just as I was coming into the room, the students discussed the first report. 14, All the time I was writing, he was annoying me with silly questions. 15, The children played while the mother put the room in order.

Exercise 137.

Choose the right variant using the Present Perfect, the Past Indefinite cr the Past Continuous Tense.

1. While I (was waiting/waited/have waited) for him to call up, he (had/was having/have had) a good time in the bar. 2. She (has written/wrote/was writing) this exercise yesterday at 8 o'clock. 3. He (has invited/was inviting/ invited) me to the party yesterday. 4.1 (passed/have passed/ was passing) my exam in history today. 5. He (read/has read/was reading) a book two days ago. 6. They (have seen/ saw/were seeing) this film last week. 7. She (painted/has painted/was painting) the picture when I came. 8.1 (made/ have made/was making) my report when you entered the hall. 9. They (learnt/were learning/have learnt) the new words yesterday from three till seven. 10. It (rained/has rained/was raining) this week. 11. She (was having/had/ has had) a bath at seven o'clock last night. 12. She (was washing/washed/has washed) dishes already. 13. They (had/have had/were having) supper when the telephone rang, 14.1 (didn't meet/haven't met/was not meeting) you for ages. 15. Last summer he (has gone/was going/ went) to the Caucasus. 16, She was thoughtfully looking at him while he (read/was reading/has read) a newspaper. 17. While I (swept/was sweeping/has swept) the floor, Mrs, Parker began cooking. 18.1 just (had/have had/was having) a telegram to say that my poor friend is badly ill again. 19. We (sat/were sitting/have sat) in silence for a few minutes. He (spoke/was speaking/has spoken) at last.

20. While she (washed/was washing/has washed up), she (was hearing/heard/has heard) the doorbell, then voices. 21. "She (was making/made/has made) tea, let's go to the dining room". 22. Only two stars (shone/were shining/ has shone) in the dark blue sky. 23. On glancing at the address, he observed that it (contained/was containing/ has contained) no name. 24. He just (left/was leaving/has left) the hall when a stranger (entered/was entering/has entered). 25.1 (met/was meeting/have met) Ann at her father's house twenty years ago and (knew/have known/ was knowing) her ever since.

Exercise 138.

Choose the right variant.

1. Higher education in the US___in 1636 when the first colonists___Harvard College.

a) has begun, founded

b) began, have founded

c) began, founded

d) was beginning, have founded

2. Noah Webster___ An American Dictionary of the English Language in two volumes in 1828, and since then it___the recognized authority for usage in the United States.

a) published, became

b) has published, has become

c) published, was becoming

d) published, has become

3. He___at Oxford then. He was not the best student, though he ___ well known among the second year students.

a) was studying, became

b) was studying, has become

c) studied, became

d) has studied, has become

4. One day when he___home he___a boy who___ him from the opposite side of the street.

a) was walking, saw, watched

b) walked, has seen, was watching

c) was walking, saw, was watching

d) has walked, has seen, has watched

5. It was midnight. She____ in her lonely room. The rain driven by the rain__ against the window.

a) sat, beat

b) was sitting, was beating

c) has sat, beat

d) has been sitting, has been beating

Exercise 139,

Translate into English.

1. Я так и не увидел Великие озера. Когда поезд проезжал этот район, была ночь. 2. Пока директор вел беседу с представителями (representative) иностран­ных фирм (firm), секретарь сортировала утреннюю почту. 3. Том Сойер не мог играть со своими товари­щами Он красил забор (fence). 4. Уже садилось солн­це, когда я подъехал к Эдинбургу. 5. Он вел машину на большой скорости, б. Они вышли, когда еще было свет­ло, но черные тучи собирались на горизонте (horizon) и дул холодный северный ветер. 7. Ей было очень труд-I но жить с миссис Грин в одной комнате (share a room), так как та постоянно жаловалась (complain of) на хо­лод и на плохое обслуживание. 8. Она шла по темной улице и оглядывалась, Кто-то следил (follow) за ней. 9. О я выглянул из окна. Много людей стояло около дома» 10. Когда я вошла в комнату, она плакала, 11. Мы катались на лыжах, хотя шел снег. 12. В тот день у нас было много работы, т.к. вечером мы уезжали. 13. Мы познакомились (get acquainted), когда сдавали вступи­тельные (entrance) экзамены. 14. Вчера он был занят, он чинил (fix) телевизор. 15. Он вошел в комнату, по­здоровался (greet) со всеми и сел у окна. 16. Она гото­вилась к экзаменам. 17. Когда часы пробили одиннад­цать, он все еще работал. 18. Дождь начался в тот мо­мент, когда она вышла в сад. 19. По вечерам он имел обыкновение читать вслух своему сынишке. 20. Они прекратили ссориться (quarrel), т.к. гости входили в зал.

Exercise 140.

Open the brackets paying attention to the use of the Past Perfect Tense.

1. He already (go) by the time I (come) to the party. 2. Mother (cook) dinner before he (come). 3. When I (reach) the front door, I realized that I (loose) the key. 4. The shop (close) by the time I (get) there. 5. The scientists (carry) out many experiments before they (achieve) satisfactory results. 6. When I (arrive), he (stay) in the same hotel where we first (meet). 7. By the end of the year he (finish) research. 8. He told me that he (not see) much of her since she (move) to another town. 9. When I (come), he already (come) and (sit) near the fireplace looking through a magazine. 10. She said that they (meet) in 1990 for the first time.

Exercise 141.

Choose the right variant.

1.1___to the USA so far.

a) have not been

b) had not been

2 I never___them when I lived in London.

a) had met

b) have met

3.1 came at 2 o'clock. He___the work by that time.

a) had done

b) has done

4,1 met her on Monday and___her since.

a) had not seen

b) have not seen

5. She said in a voice she never___about it before.

a) has heard

b) had heard

6. Yes, I know Jim. I___him for more than ten years.

a) have known

b) bad known

7. She tried to concentrate. She ___ John since 1978. No, he could not have done it.

a) has known

b) had known

8. He___ in a bank before he came to our office.

a) had worked

b) has worked

9. We___. there since we were young.

a) have not been

b) had not been

10. Why___the window? It is very noisy in the street.

a) had you opened

b) have you opened

Exercise 142.

Open the brackets and use the required past tense.

1. It was the poorest room he ever (see). 2. No sooner she (come) at the station than a fast London train (arrive). 3» I (finish) my work by afternoon and (sit) quietly in my armchair, thinking of the days that (pass) by, 4. The storm already (die) away, but very far off the thunder still (mutter). 5.1 already (go) into the bed and (fall asleep) when my mother (knock) at the door and (ask) me to get up. 6. By the time the guests (come), she still (not be ready). 7.1 (not listen)_s so I missed what she (say). 8. By 9 o'clock he (finish) work. He (go) outside. The rain (stop) but it (be) rather cool. 9. By the time I (come) the shop already (close), 10. Hardly we (leave) when our bicycle (break) down.

Exercise 143.

Complete the sentences with the verbs from the box using the Past Perfect Continuous Tense.

1. He___the car for many hours before he came to the crossroads, 2. The pianist ___ the passage hour after hour till he mastered it, 3, When I met her, her eyes were red. She and Mike again____. 4, When I came, they___ this question for more than an hour. 5. It was evening

and he was tired because he___since dawn. 6. He ___ to get her on the phone for 15 minutes before he heard her voice. 7. By 12 o'clock they _____ a composition for two hours. 8. The fire___for some time before a fire brigade came. 9.1___to meet her for ages when I bumped into

her by chance. 10. When I left home, it was raining, and as it___since morning, the streets were muddy.

Exercise 144.

Open the brackets and use the proper tense.

1. When he (arrive), I (live) in London for a week. 2, We (read) while he (eat). 3. When Jack (phone) me, I (write) a letter, 4. When my friend (come), I (do) an exercise for an hour. 5. The library (close) by the time I (get) there. 6.1 (drive) home when I (hear) the news on the radio. 7. They always (have) loud parties which (go on) till the early hours, 8. We (walk) for some hours before we (realize) that we (lose) our way. 9. No sooner I (complain) that I (not hear) from them for a long time than the letter (come). 10. The concert was a great success. When the pianist (finish) his part, the audience (applaud) the orchestra for some minutes.

Exercise 145.

Translate into English.

1. Мы посмотрели пьесу до того, как обсудили ее. 2. Мы посмотрели пьесу, а затем обсудили ее. 3. Я был в Лондоне в прошлом году. Раньше я там не бывал. 4. Ему не нравилось письмо, которое он пытался напи­сать уже два часа. Слова казались ему неубедительны­ми (unconvincing). 5. Когда мы пришли, он уже вер­нулся и что-то писал в своем кабинете (study). 6. Он окончил свою работу в саду и сидел на террасе (terrace). Вечер был теплый, и солнце только что зашло. 7. Она проработала с нами только два месяца, но доказала, что она опытный юрист (lawyer). 8. Шел очень сильный снег, и я не смог разобрать (make out) номера трамвая. Когда я уже проехал (cover) несколько остановок (tram stops), я понял что ехал в неправильном направлении. 9. Я звонила вам с 4-х часов, но не смогла дозвониться (get): ваша линия была все время занята, 10. Две не­дели шли дожди: наконец три дня назад установилась (set in) хорошая погода.

Exercise 146.

Here is the forecast of the life in the 21^st century. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.

1. People___ on the moon. 2. Children___school at the age of three. 3. Computers___ teachers. 4 People ___ 4 hours a day. 5. Houses and factories___ solar energy. 6. Americans___a woman president. 7. Robots ___most jobs. 8. There will be a law, which___having more than two children. 9. Six weeks___a normal annual holiday. 10, Great Britain___a black Prime Minister.

Exercise 147.

Fill in the blanks with shall or will.

1. Tomorrow it _____ be cold and wet. 2. He___ be fifty in June. 3. it's too dark to go. I___call a taxi. 4. ___ I give you a lift? 5. _ you help me with this bag? 6.1 ____, beat you if you do it again 7._____ I close the window? 8.___„ you close the window? 9. There is a car pulling down. — Oh, that___be John. 10.1 doubt if he ____come soon. 11.___ we go on with our work? 12. Don't worry, I___not be late. 13.1 suppose you______ be pretty busy tomorrow.

Exercise 148.

Open the brackets and use either the Future Indefinite or the Present Continuous Tense.

1. I've bought a typewriter, I (learn) to type. 2. No, I (not eat) meat any more. I am a vegetarian-. 3. What's I wrong? — I've got a flat tyre. — No problem. I (help) you. 4.1 (punish) you if you continue doing it. 5. The forecast says it (rain). 6. You (air) the room? — Certainly-7. Nick» my TV set is again out of order. — O.K. I (fix) it. 8. I suppose he (come). 9. He (help) you if you ask him. 10. What you (do) this evening? 11. He (be) busy tomorrow. He (sendee) his car. 12. Lucy (not go) anywhere this summer. Her son (go) to college. 13. Ann is very angry with him. I am afraid she (not stay) here another minute. 14.1 (give) you another piece of cake? — No, thanks, that (do). 15. You (help) me with this bag? 16.1 (send) the letter? 17.1 am afraid, it (be) difficult for you to stay there so long. 18. Where we (meet)? Victoria Station (be) all right? 19. In the 21st century people (fly) to Mars and other planets. 20.1 (go) to the country for the weekend. — I (go) with you, 21. You (turn down) the radio, please?

Exercise 149.

Open the brackets and put the Future or the Present Indefinite Tense.

1.1 (accompany) you with pleasure as soon as I (finish) my report. 2. The performance (be) a great success if he (play) the leading role. 3. If this time (be) convenient for you, we (meet) tomorrow. 4. We (not complete) the work this week in case he (get) ill. 5. We (not start) till he (arrive). 6. Provided he (leave) now, he (miss) the rush hour. 7. We (not be able) to carry out the experiment unless he (help) us. 8. You may take my dictionary as long as you (give) it back on Friday. 9. As soon as he (return) from the beach, we (have) dinner. 10.1 (phone) you when she (come). 11. Providing that he (work) hard, he will finish his work on Thursday. 12. She has two keys in her bag in case she (lose) one. 13. Unless he (come), we (not go) to the country. 14. He (remind) you of your promise in case you (forget) it. 15. As soon as the lake (get frozen), she (go skating). 16. When you (turn) on the right, you (see) an old oak. 17. If she (keep) her promise, they (be) rich. 18. Unless you (look) at the picture at some distance, you (not see) the details. 19. Providing that nothing (happen), I (return) in two weeks. 20. If the wind (blow) from the west, it (rain). 21. If you (get) there before me, wait till I (come). 22. Provided all (go) well, I (graduate) in June. 23. He (not go) for a walk until he (do) his lessons. 24. He (not catch) the train unless he (leave) immediately. 25. We (not wait) till he (make up his mind).

Exercise 150.

Open the brackets and use the proper tense, either the Future or the Present Indefinite paying attention to when and if.

1. Well go swimming if it (be) a nice day tomorrow. 2,1 wonder if it (rain) tomorrow. 3. You'll get wet if you (not take) an umbrella. 4.1 don't know when he (come back), 5.1 doubt if he (join) us. He is very busy. 6. She will serve the table when he (come). 7. I'll be grateful to you if you (lend) me this sum of money. 8.1 am not sure if he (follow) my advice. 9,1 wonder if I (solve) this problem without anybody's help. 10. He supposes that they will buy the house if it (be) in good condition, 11.1 am sure that when he (come) he will apologize for his rudeness. 12.1 wonder if you (invite) the Browns if they (be) here on Sunday? 13. It's hard to say if she (find out) everything. 14,1 don't know when she (go) to see them. 15. We will discuss the terms of the contract when he (come), 16.1 will not deal with him if he (be) so stubborn!

Exercise 151.

Choose the right variant.

1, He___here till he___everything.

a) will stay, doesn't do

b) will stay, does

c) stays_? will do

d) stays, will not do

2. In case the weather___good, they___fishing.

a) will be, will go

b) is, go

c) will be, go

d) is, will go

3. Unless he___, we___to the theatre.

a) doesn't come, won't go

b) comes, won't go

c) won't come, don't go

d) doesn't come, don't go

4.1 can't decide if I___you till I___when they___.

a) will join, will know, will leave

b) will join, know, will leave

c) join, will know, leave

d) join, will know, will leave

5. I___you the keys to the car as long as you___the speed.

a) will give, won't exceed

b) give, won't exceed

c) will give, don't exceed

d) give, don't exceed

6.1 don't know if they___new people. If they___I___you of it.

a) will hire, will, will inform

b) hire₅ do, inform

c) hiie, will, will inform

d) will hire, do, will inform.

7.1___ anywhere till my son___all his exams.

a) won't go, doesn't take

b) don't go doesn't take

c) won't go, takes

d) won't go, will take

8, If she___and we___at home, ask her when she ___the magazine.

a) phones, are not, will bring

b) will phone, will not be, will bring

c) phones, will not be, brings

d) will phone, will not be, brings

9.1___the article when I___home and___you up when it___ready.

a) will translate, will come, will ring, will be

b) will translate, come, will ring, is

c) will translate, will come, ring, will be

d) translate, will come, ring, is

10. He___me the book providing I___it not later than Saturday.

a) will give, will return

b) give, return

c) will give, return

d) give, will return

Exercise 152.

Translate into English.

1. Они будут смотреть фильм, как только дети ля­гут спать. 2, Как только он придет, я ему все расска­жу. 3. Я с ним поговорю до твоего приезда, но я не уверен, последует ли он моим советам. 4. Я буду вам очень благодарен (grateful), если вы продиктуете (dictate) мне зту статью. 5. С вашей стороны будет очень глупо, если вы не воспользуетесь данной возможнос­тью. 6, Поезд прибывает через час. Если вы поедете на машине, вы встретите ее. 7. Как только вы его увидите, спросите его, когда он уезжает и зайдет ли он к нам перед отъездом. 8. Спросите их, не дадут ли они мне пылесос (vacuum cleaner), если мне нужно будет почи­стить ковер. 9. Вот вам мой адрес на тот случай, если вы решите приехать в Москву. 10. Мне отправить пись­мо? — Да. Когда вы пойдете домой, бросьте его в почто­вый ящик (mailbox). 11. Я уверен, вы полюбите ее, как только она начнет работать с вами, 12. Мы детально (in detail) обсудим этот вопрос до того, как он придет. 13. Если он не получит книгу в воскресенье, он не сможет подготовиться к докладу. 14. Я с ним погово­рю, когда он придет, но я не знаю, придет ли он сегодня. 15. Я не знаю, когда я получу от нее ответ, но как толь­ко я его получу, я сразу же вам позвоню.

Exercise 153.

Put the verbs into the Future Continuous Tense making all necessary changes.

Example: At 6 o'clock in the morning he always sleeps. — He will be sleeping at 6 o'clock in the morning tomorrow.

1. It is 5 o'clock. She is having a music lesson. 2. He is working in the garden now. 3. It is eleven o'clock. Ben is lying on the beach. 4. It's 10 o'clock. Nick and Tom are playing tennis. 5. It's dinnertime. We're standing in the queue to enter the Canteen. 6. She is out. She always goes shopping during the break. 7. It's eight o'clock. He is speaking with his partner on the telephone. 8. Granny is cooking supper, 9. His little sister is eating porridge this morning. 10. It's no use inviting Tom for a walk. He is watching a football match.

Exercise 154.

Open the brackets and use either the Future Indefinite or the Future Continuous Tense.

1. He has come home from school late today. So he can't go for a walk: he (d_o) his homework after dinner. 2. Today is Sunday and it does not rain. We (have) tea out in the garden. 3. The big stores (have) their summer sales soon. 4. The weather is warm today. We (have) a walk out in the garden. 5. I'm leaving now, but Т suppose I (see) you in the evening. 6. There is a party at Betsy's house tonight. So I (meet) you in the evening. 7. It's awful to think I (work) this time next week. 8. Wait a little, I (phone) for a taxi. 9. I'm very tired. I think I (go) to bed earlier today.

10 We (play) chess in half an hour, 11₀ When you come, he still (work) at his report о 12. Tomorrow at this time we (go) to Scotland. 13, Can you imagine that in five days we (cross) the Atlantic on our way home, 14. What you (do) if I come at five? — I (watch) TV. 15, If they arrive at 7,1 still (sleep). I usually get up at 8.

Exercise 155.

Join the following sentences with if, when, after, while, etc,

Example: I'll go for a holiday. I'll not be busy, — I'll go for a holiday when I am not busy.

1.Hell be back early in August. His holiday will finish. 2. He'll have a good time. The sea will be warm. 3.I’ll be quite free. I’ll graduate from college» 4. He will come to my birthday party. He will not forget. 5. The German students will be having their oral test. The English students will be writing their examination paper. 6. He will not go for a walk. He will not have breakfast.

7. You will be packing our things. I'll be making arrangements on the phone. 8. We'll come at 2 o'clock. They will be preparing for the test. 9, You'll phone at 3, I'll be having a long-distance call and the line will be engaged» 10. They'll see the sights, They'll go home.

Exercise 156.

Translate into English.

1 Если погода будет хорошей, завтра в это время вы будете пересекать Ла-Манш. 2„ Не звоните мне от 3-х до 5-ти. Я буду работать. 3. Девочки сейчас будут играть в волейбол? а мальчики — в футбол, 4. Когда ты придешь к нему 9 он будет красить потолок (ceiling). Он ремонтирует (refurnish) квартиру. 5 Боюсь, я буду занят в это время. Мы будем встречать японскую деле­гацию 6о Когда мы придем домой, мама все еще будет готовить обед. 7. Неужели я завтра буду лететь на са­молете в Америку? 8 Боюсь, когда вы придете, сын будут уходить» 9 Мы завтра будем обедать в три, а не в два, 10. Ваш малыш еще будет спать, если я приду в три?

Exercise 157.

Complete the sentences with the verbs from the box in the Future Perfect Tense.

go tidy up

pack learn

type buy

paint receive

cook see

1She _ an urgent paper for the conference. 2, Bob __ his room by his mother coming. 3 He already _____ a portrait for the exhibition. 4, Peter _ dinner by the time his wife comes. 5. She__ a wedding dress by the time her wedding takes place, 6, They __ by the time we come here. 7. Т _ s. letter by the end of "the week.' 8. The train is to leave at nine o'clock. They ___their

suitcase by that Иже. 9.1 _ the film by 9 o'clock. 10. She _ the new words for the spelling test, which her teacher is going to give tomorrow.

Exercise 158.

Open the brackets and put the verbs into the Future Indefinite, the Future Perfect, the Present Indefinite or the Present Perfect Tense.

1. By 8 o'clock they (have) dinner. 2. By the end of the week he (finish) the translation. 3, Before you (come) I (do) all the work. 4, She (look) through the article by 12 o'clock. 5. They (receive) our letter by Monday. 6. By the time we (get) to the forest the rain (stop), 7. 1 think he (answer) the letter by this time. 8. We (begin) to work after we (read) all the instructions, 9, We (not do) anything until he (take) necessary steps. 10. The committee (prepare) the plan by tomorrow. 11.1 suppose when my letter (reach) you I already (return) from your voyage, 12. He (pass) an exam after he (learn) all the material. 13.1 am afraid they (not discuss) all the questions by the time they (come). 14. We (not be able) to start the experiment before we (obtain) the necessary data. 15. The secretary already (look) through all the papers before the boss (come). 16. My train (leave) by the time you (come) to the station.

Exercise 159.

Translate into English.

1. Боюсь, к тому времени, когда вы придете с день­гами, они уже все распродадут. 2. Позвоните мне после того, как вы прочитаете книгу. 3. Мы сделаем все уп­ражнения к его приходу, а затем все вместе поедем на каток (skating rink). 4. Я напишу ему после того, как увижусь с его родителями. 5. Наш завод выпустит (produce) новый автомобиль к концу года. б. Не знаю, напишет ли он статью к первому сентября. Если она будет готова к этому времени, мы ее напечатаем. 7. Я уже уйду в театр, если вы придете так поздно. 8. Бо­юсь, вы опоздаете. Они уже закончат переговоры (talks) к 5 часам. 9. К сожалению, вы его не застанете. К это­му времени он уже уедет на вокзал. 10. К воскресенью они закончат ремонт (repairs) и переедут на новую квар­тиру.

Exercise 160.

Open the brackets and use the Future Perfect Continuous Tense.

1. They already (rehearse) for an hour when we come. 2.1 (work) in this company for 10 years next April. 3. By next year he (writing) the novel for three years. 4. The thieves are sure that they (drive) for 6 hours when the police discover the robbery in the morning. 5. They (study) for 3 hours when you come.

Exercise 161.

Find and correct the mistakes if any (pay attention to the use of tenses).

1. After graduating from the institute I came to St. Petersburg. I am working here since then. 2.1 have just left the house when you phoned me. 3. By the time I came to the country cottage my friends have already left. 4. When I came, my friend was sitting on the sofa and was reading a newspaper. 5. It has rained since morning and I am afraid, it won't stop by Saturday. 6. He will work at his new book during his holiday. 7. The woman who speaks with my sister is my neighbour who is living opposite us. 8. They were looking for the money since morning but they couldn't find it anywhere. 9. Yesterday when I came to see my friend he was having supper. He has just come home. 10. After he has finished the picture he will invite his friends to look at it.

Exercise 162.

Choose the right variant.

1. When, Ann last?

I___her since she to another city.

a) have you seen, haven't seen, has moved

b) did you see, didn't see, moved

c) did you see, haven't seen, moved

d) have you seen, didn't see, has moved

2. Our train___at 8 o'clock. If you___at 5, we. our things.

a) leaves, come, will pack

b) will leave, will come, will be packing

c) is leaving, will come, are packing

d) leaves, come, will be packing

3. They___. to build a new McDonalds in several days and___it by the end of the year.

a) will start, will finish

b) are starting, will have finished

c) start, will be finishing

d) start, are finishing

4.1___the performance for twenty minutes when my friend___at last. His car___on his way to the theatre.

a) was watching, had come, had broken down

b) had been watching, came, had broken down

c) watched, came, broke down

d) have been watching, had come, has broken

5. Look, what he ___ on the blackboard. He___three mistakes.

a) is writing, has made

b) has written, had made

c) has been writing, is making

d) writes, made

6. What ___if the rain „__by evening? It___since yesterday, I wonder when it___.

a) will we do, doesn't stop, is pouring, will stop

b) are we doing, hasn't stopped, had been pouring, stops

c) shall we have done, won't have stopped, was pouring, will be stopping

d) shall we do, hasn't stopped, has been pouring, will stop

7. What___when I___? - We.___the article which Mary___just _....... I___to read it for a long time.

a) did you do, was coming in, were reading, has brought, have wanted

b) were you doing, came in, were reading, had brought, had wanted

c) had you been doing, came in, read, brought, had been wanting

d) have you done, have come in, have read, has brought, wanted

8. It___dark, it's time for the children to go home. They___in the yard for the whole evening.

a) got, play

b) has got, are playing

c) is getting, have been playing

d) gets, played

9.1 haven't heard you come into the room. When___? —

I __ long ago. You___and I___to disturb you.

a) did you come, came, were reading, was not wanting

b) did you come, came, were reading, did not want

c) have you come, have come, have been reading, don't want

d) were you coming, was comings read, haven't wanted

10.I__ till Father___. He___his key and I will have to wait for him.

a) won't be leaving, will come, had lost

b) won't leave, will come, has lost

c) won't leave, comes, has lost

d) aren't leaving, comes, loses

Exercise 163.

Translate into English (revision).

1. Он стоял у окна и думал о своем будущем» 2. Я видел его давно. Я видел его недавно. Я не видел его давно. 3. Это произошло до того, как мы туда приехали. 4. Они сделали все возможное (do one's best) до того, как пришел врач. 5. Я надеюсь, тебе будет все ясно, когда ты получишь письмо. 6. К 9 часам он закончил работу и вышел на улицу. Ветер утих (fall), но было довольно прохладно. Он медленно шел, стараясь ни о чем не думать. 7. Я не видел тебя целую вечность. Как дела, какие новости? 8. Вы ошиблись. Вы передаете мне соль, а не горчицу (mustard). 9. Мы остановились, так как ка­кой-то человек подходил к нам, 10. Я пришел, чтобы попрощаться с вами. Завтра в это время я буду плыть (sail) к острову Пасхи (Easter), 11. Куда ты положил ключ? Я нигде не могу его найти. 12. Он не видел меня, так как что-то писал. 13. Наконец я сделал свою до­машнюю работу и теперь свободен. 14. Кто-то стоит у нашей двери. Мне кажется, он подслушивает (overhear). 15. Если она не получит никаких известий от брата на этой неделе, она пошлет телеграмму. 16. К тому време­ни, когда мы добрались до дома, снег прекратился, а луна ярко сияла на темном небе. Мы устали, т. к. шли три часа. 17. Ты когда-нибудь слышал, как хорошо она гово­рит по-английски? Говорят (they say), она учит его уже три года. 18. Что ты будешь делать завтра в три часа? Если ты будешь свободен, мы придем к тебе.

Unit 12

The Passive Voice

Exercise 164.

Match the beginning of the sentence on the left with its ending on the right.

Exercise 165,

Change the following sentences into the Passive Voice.

A using the Indefinite Tenses (give two forms where possible).

Example: Tom gave her a book. — She was given a book. The book was given to her.

1. He broke my watch. 2. The teacher explained the rule to the students. 3. He often asks me to help them. 4. They usually do written exercises in class. 5. She will make a new discovery soon. 6. Steve will make a report at the conference. 7» They play tennis all year round, 8. His friends never forgave his betrayal, 9, The manager offers me several jobs. 10. They will promise you much, but don't imagine they will give you everything. 11. His parents regularly sent him parcels with fruit from their garden. 12. They will give me a leave in JoJy if there is no urgent work. 13. The Spanish government offered Columbus three ships, 14. They usually send their children to camp for summer. 15. The officer charged him with a very important mission, 16, I'm sure we'll settle the matter easily. 17. The policeman fined the driver for exceeding the speed limit 18. Somebody calls her every day. 19. We request the passengers leaving for London to register. 20. The manager will sign contracts tomorrow.

В using the Indefinite Tenses (pay attention to pre­positions),

Example: She looks after him well. — He is well looked after (by her).

1. We sent for the police. 2, They speak much about this book. 3. They often laugh at him. 4. They listened to our conversation very attentively. 5.1 think they will wait for us only in a week. 6. Nobody took notice of his late arrival. 7. We looked through all the advertisements very

attentively. 8, He was a brilliant speaker, and whenever he spoke, the audience listened to him with great attention, 9. They will look after him in hospital much better. 10. Everybody looked at her new dress with interest. 11. She sent them for a taxi. 12. People will talk much about the successful performance of the young actress. 13, They always make fun of him. 14. The teacher pointed out gross mistakes in the translation. 15. He referred to very interesting plans.

16. They agreed upon Monday as the most suitable day. 17. He did not touch upon this question unfortunately. 18. They spoke to him about his promotion yesterday.

С using the Continuous Tenses.

Example: They are solving a difficult problem now. — The problem is being solved now.

1. Don't come in! The professor is examining students. 2. Can I read the article? — No, the secretary is typing it. 3. We had to hurry. They were waiting for us. 4. It was noisy. Nobody was listening to him. 5. Does he realize that they are laughing at him? 6, Look at this man. I think he is following us. 7. Listen carefully! He is giving a very interesting talk. 8, The waiter is serving us rather fast, 9. The secretary was looking through morning mail. 10. The interpreter is translating their conversation rather well. 11. The briefing is in full swing. The correspondents are interviewing the participants of the conference. 12, The company was developing a new project. 13. You can't watch the film now. The mechanic is fixing the TV set.

D using the Perfect Tenses

Example: They have already brought the medi­cine. — The medicine has already been brought.

1. You have repaired our house lately. 2. When the fire brigade came, the fire had destroyed the building. 3. The athlete has shown much better results since this coach trains him, 4.1 will have answered all the business letters by noon. 5. The president of the board has signed the document. 6. Is she washing the floor? — No, she has already washed it. 1, By his arrival they had repaired his car. 8. He has booked the tickets and the clerk will have brought them by 2 o'clock. 9. They had painted the house by his arrival. 10. The police haven't found the reason for the accident yet. 11. Have you touched anything here? 12, The sociologist has interviewed a lot of students.

13. Have they tested all the machines? 14. The flood has caused considerable damage, 15. John will have received the papers by tomorrow.

E using modal verbs.

Example: He can do this work. — The work can be done (by him).

1, She can find a job easily. 2, The matter is urgent. They should phone her immediately. 3, The boss wants Mr. Black. You must find him. 4= I can make an interesting offer to you. 5. He's get a pay rise and low they can buy a new house. 6, You must send the document as quickly as possible. 7. The weather is warm. She may plant the flowers. 8. The document is of great importance. He must show it to us. 9. He must give back the book on Sunday. 10. Their kitchen is large and they can use it as a dining room. 11. Ecologists say that we should take care of our planet", 12. You must send for the doctor immediately. 13. The lecture is over. You may ask questions. 14. You should avoid the center of town during¹ rush hours. 15. They agreed that the club should raise membership fee.

Exercise 166.

Choose the correct grammar form to translate a predicate.

1. Этот дом был построен в прошлом году.

a) was being built

b) has been built

c) was built

2. Сейчас здесь строится новый супермаркет.

a) is being built

b) is building

c) is built

3. На этой неделе преподаватель объяснил (препо­давателем был объяснен) новый материал.

a) had been explained

b) was explained

c) has been explained

4. Новое здание института уже построили, когда я поступила на юридический факультет.

a) was built

b) has been built

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