Sequence of Tenser

Exercise 170

Change the following into indirect speech,

1. "I have something to tell you," I said to her. 2, "I met her for the first time on a warm sunny morning last spring," he said. 3. "I am going to call again tomorrow, mother," she said. 4. "I've been to Turkey twice, but so far I haven't had time to visit Istanbul," said Robert. 5. "It will be very difficult to persuade her to take care of herself, doctor," I replied. 6. "The president is to come to Madrid the day after tomorrow," said the BBC announcer. 7. "We have a lift but very often it doesn't work," they said. 8. "We have bought a new flat. But we don't like it so much as our last one," said my cousin. 9, "I have left a message for him, but he hasn't phoned yet," she said. 10, "I've no idea who has done it but I'll find out," said Peggy. 11. He said, "My mother has just been operated on," 12. 'I'll come with you as soon as Fin ready," she replied to me. 13. i have a French lesson this evening and I haven't done my homework yet," said the small boy. 14. "She has been sitting* in the garden since the police came," I said to the officer. 15. "You haven’t closed the window and has forgotten to turn off the light," he pointed out,

Exercise 171,

Change the following general questions into indirect speech. Begin your sentences with the words I/he wondered, we/they asked, she/he wanted to know, etc.

Example: Did she go shopping? — 4c asked if/ whether she had gone shopping,

1. Are your children still skiing? 2. Have they had breakfast yet? 3. Is Mike still taking an exam? 4. Did she take part in the performance? 5. Had they already left by the time you went to the station? 6. Do they regularly go to the swimming pool? 7. Will she buy a new Hoover? 8. Will she be training at 10 tomorrow? 9. Does he usually go to the Caribbeans for his holiday? 10. Did she learn to play the guitar? 11. Has the decision been already taken? 12. Do you know when the results will be out? 13. Does he know your new address? 14, Have you known each other for a long time? 15. Did he begin smoking a pipe?

Exercise 172.

Change the following special questions into indirect speech. Begin your sentences with the words I/he wondered, we/they asked, she/he wanted to knew, etc.

Example: When did she go shopping? — He asked when she had gone shopping.

1. Why did he decide to go to Ethiopia? 2, When was she sent on business? 3. Who will fulfil this task? 4. How long has she been staying here? 5. Who was he speaking to when I came tip to him? 6. Who will play the role of Hamlet? 7» What is shown in this diagram? 8. What is he going to do on Sunday? 9„ How long have they been developing this project? 10. Who was this book written by?

Exercise 173,

Imagine that you have come to study to a foreign country and students are asking you questions. Report these questions later to your friend.

Example: "What country do you come from?" asked Bill. — Bill asked what country I came from.

"Do you often go to the swimming-pool?" asked Pete. — Pete asked if I often went to the swimming-pool.

1. "How long have you been here?" said Ann. 2. "Are you working as well as studying?" asked Peter. 3. "Have you got a work permit?" Bill wanted to know. 4. "What are you going to study?" asked Ann. 5. "Have you enrolled for more than one class?" said Peter. 6. "Do you want to buy any second-hand books?" said Bill. 7. "Have you seen the library?" asked Ann. 8. "Do you play rugby?" said Peter. 9. "Will you have time to play regularly?" he went on. 10. "Did you play for your school team?" asked Bill. 11. "Are you interested in acting?" asked Ann. 12. "Would you like to join our drama group?" she asked. 13. "What do you think of our canteen?" asked Pete.

Exercise 174.

Change commands, requests, recommenda­tions into indirect speech.

Example: "Close the doqr," she asked me. — She asked me to close the door.

1. "Open the safe!" the raiders ordered the bank clerk. 2. "Please do as I say," he begged me. 3. "Help your mother, Peter," Mr. Pitt said. 4. "Don't make too much noise, children," he said. 5. "Do whatever you like," she said to us. 6. "Don't miss your train," she warned them. 7. "Read the document before you sign it," the lawyer said to his client. 8. "Fill in the blank again," he said. 9. "Buy a new car," I advised him. 10. "Don't drive too fast," she begged him. 11. "Don't put your bicycle near my window," said the shopkeeper to me. 12. "Come to the cinema with me," he asked her. 13. "Cook it in butter," I advised her. 14. "Send for the fire brigade," the manager said to the porter. 15. "Please pay at the desk," said the shop assistant to her. 16. "Don't argue with me," said the teacher to the boy. 17. "Pull as hard as you can," he said to her. 18. "Don't lend anything to her," he advised us. 19. "Stand clear off the door," a voice warned the people.

20. "Put down that gun. It's loaded," she warned him.

Exercise 175.

Change sentences with modal verbs and their equivalents into indirect speech.

1. "If what you have said is true I must go to the police," he said. 2. "You don't need to come in tomorrow," said my employer. "You may take a day off." 3. "I'll be busy next week and won't be able to help you," she said to us. ''Besides this text must be typed and as for me, I cannot type, so I'll have to ask somebody to do it," she added. 4. The official said, "This passport photo isn't like you at all. You must have another one taken." 5. "I needn't get up till nine tomorrow," I said. 6. "I must go to the dentist tomorrow," she said to me. "I have an appointment." 7. "I will go to bed. I had to get up very early today," he said. 8. "I couldn't meet her, I was working," he said. 9. "Ann's English is very poor. She must study very hard," the teacher said. 10. "Something was wrong with the receiver, I could not hear you well yesterday," she said.

Exercise 176.

Translate into English paying attention to the sequence of tenses.

1, Я знал, что она еще не прочитала письмо. 2. Она считала, что ананасы растут на деревьях. 3. Он сказал нам, что расплатился с долгами (pay one's debts) боль­ше месяца назад. 4. Она сказала, что пишет это сочине­ние (composition) уже три часа. 5. Она не знала, успеш­но лл закончилась (be a success) операция. 6. Том по­звонил в полицию и сказал, что все его вещи украдены. 7. Капитан приказал всем подняться на борт (get aboard). 8. Они не знали, будут ли опубликованы ре­зультаты их исследований. 9. Я думал, что он работает, и не вошел в комнату. 10. Он попросил, чтобы она не беспокоилась. 11. Я не знаю, когда он приедет в Моск­ву. 12. Они поинтересовались, бывал ли я когда-ни­будь заграницей (abroad). 13. Он сказал им, что они не должны говорить об этом сейчас. 14. Наш гид (guide) рассказал нам, что замок (castle) был возведен в 14-ом веке. 15. Я надеюсь, что новый мост будет построен в следующем году.

Exercise 177.

Change the following into indirect speech paying attention to conditional sentences.

1. "I'll put a book into your briefcase in case you want to read," Mother said. 2. He said, "If she follows my advice, all will turn out well." 3. "Annette will have come to Paris in an hour if there are^vno delays," Pete thought. 4. "These letters must be sent immediately as soon as they are translated," the manager said. 5. "I'll take you out for a walk after I have seen the film," he said to his dog. 6. "I am sure she will sing to us provided we ask her," he whispered. 7. "If she trains hard she will win the Cup," the trainer said. 8. "If she stays in bed for a couple of days, she will be all right in a week," the doctor said to the mother. 9. "If the train comes on time we'll be able to see the football match," he said to me. 10. She said, "I won't come if I am not invited."

Exercise 178.

Translate into English paying attention to the sequence of tenses in the clauses of time and cordition.

1. Я знал, что когда они вернутся, они обязательно позвонят нам. 2. Он сказал мне, что они не поедут туда, пока не узнают адреса. 3. Она сказала, что встретила приятеля, с которым училась в школе. 4. Она сказала мне, что вряд ли узнает район, так как он сильно изме­нился. 5. Он спросил, что я буду делать, когда выйду на пенсию (retire). 6. Он сказал, что как только докумен­ты будут получены, их пришлют нам. 7. Медсестра (nurse) сказала, что мы сможем поговорить с врачом только после того, как он осмотрит больного (examine a patient). 8. Он спросил меня, есть ли какая-нибудь на­дежда, что я изменюсь. 9. Корреспондентам сообщили, что проблема цен еще обсуждается и что, как только она будет решена, контракт будет подписан. 10. Он сказал, что прошло пять лете тех пор, как они женаты. 11. Он напомнил (remind) мне, что когда мы были сту­дентами, мы всегда помогали друг другу. 12. Профес­сор сказал, чтобы я не приходил, пока не выучу весь материал.

Test 4

Choose the right variant.

1. He___for some time before a servant___and___what he___.

a) knocked, opened, asked, wanted

b) was knocking, opened, asked, was wanting

c) had been knocking, opened, asked, wanted

d) had knocked, had opened, had asked, had wanted

2. The doctor___there___nothing to worry about if the fever___above 38,5°.

a) said, was, would not go

b) tells, is, will go

c) says, had been, went

d) said, was, did not go

3.1___a wash and a brush-up before starting to go to the luncheon Tom___me to, when they___me from the desk to say that he___below.

a) had, was invited, were ringing, had been

b) was having, invited, had rung, was

c) was having, had invited, rang, was

d) had been having, had invited, had rung, had been

4. While we___at___lunch, a letter___to me from my sister.

a) were,___, was delivered

b) had been, a, was being delivered •

c) were, the, had been delivered

d) have been,___, has been delivered

5. Some day I___to Paris to revisit all the places where I___in the time of my youth. I___them for a quarter of a century or so.

a) will have gone, have lived, haven't seen

b) am going, had lived, did not see

c) will go, lived, haven't seen

d) will be going, had lived, hadn't seen

6. Hardly___asleep___an alarm clock___.

a) have I gone, than, will ring

b) had I gone, when, rang

c) I had gone, then, had rung

d) was I going, as, was ringing.

7. We___continue our research unless he___us.

a) can't, won't help

b) will not be able to, does not help

c) can, will help

d) won't be able to, helps

8. We___him in many moods, but none of us___him to do a cruel thing.

a) see, ever know

b) see, don't ever know

c) have seen, have ever known

d) have seen, haven't ever known

9. He needed to feel that he___, that he___here, and that his word___.

a) was being listened to, was commanding, was always obeyed

b) is being listened to, is commanding, is always obeyed

c) was listened to, was being commanding, was always being obeyed

d) is listened to, is being commanding, was always being obeyed

10. Look! What___beautiful view! The sun___yet, but the grey sky___near the horizon.

a) ___, was not appeared, is parted

b) ___, did not appear, parted

c) the, has not been appeared, has parted

d) a, has not appeared, is parted

11. When he saw that someone___at him, he did not immediately realize who this someone___.

a) looked, is

b) was looking, was

c) has been looking, is

d) had looked, was being

12. While our coffee___, I___him our sad story which'impressed him___.

a) was making, told, greatly

b) was being made, said, great

c) had been made, told, great

d) was being made, told, greatly

13. It___in the night, but now there___sunshine.

a) has rained, was

b) had rained, had been

c) is raining, is being

d) has been raining, is

14. As he___the room that morning, Ann___up the letter which she___.

a) was entered, was holding, had just received

b) was entering, has held, has just received

c) entered, was holding, had just received

d) had entered, held, has just received

15.1___a note with the address of the hotel and the boy's name into his pocket___he___his way.

a) have put, provided, will lose

b) will put, providing, will have lost

c) have put, in case, loses

d) will have put, when, have lost

16. They___, but as they___me there___a hush.

a) were talking, saw, was

b) are talking, have seen, had been

c) had been talking, will see, would be

d) have been talking, had seen, will be

17. Come on, if the sun___before we___home, we ___our way.

a) has set, reach, will lose

b) will have set, will reach, lose

c) will have set, reach, will lose

d) has been set, will reach, lose

18.___when he___her for the first time.

a) Tell me, has met c) Say to me, met

b) Say me, had met d) Tell me, met

19. He was tired and by the time I___, he___asleep.

a) have come, has fallen

b) came, fell

c) came, had fallen

d) had come, had fallen

20. The great majority of students___present at the conference.___great number of them___to listen to your lecture and each of them___ready to answer your questions.

a) are, A, want, is c) is, A, wants, are

b) are, The, want, is d) is, The, wants, has been

Unit 14

The Infinitive

Exercise 179.

Match two parts of the sentences.

1) She goes swimming a) Why not go to the

country?

2) They have to stay in. b) to shout at Ann? They can't afford

3) Are you fit enough c) to have a holiday.

4) To spend too much d) to ask for help, money

5) To err is human, e) to post it?

6) Don't hesitate to phone f) to see how she is. me

7) The weather is fine, g) to try and keep her

weight down.

8) The letter is urgent, h) if you need help. Could you remind me

9) I am sure, she is OK. i) would be foolish. We could telephone

10) Who allowed you j) to take part in the

competition?

11) She is too proud k) to forgive divine.

12) Ann is tired. She is 1) to go out very much, eager

Exercise 180.

Open the brackets and choose the Infinitive in the Active or Passive Voice.

1. They are glad (invite/be invited) to the party. 2.1 don't like (interrupt/be interrupted). 3. He will be happy (see/be seen) you. 4.1 was glad (meet/be met) at the station. 5. Children like (tell/be told) tales and always (listen/be listened) to them with interest. 6.1 did not think (interrupt/be interrupted) you. 7. He is glad (send/be sent) abroad. 8. He likes (ask/be asked) his professor questions, 9. He does not like (ask/be asked) questions because he does not know how to answer them. 10. Be careful with him. He is a very resentful person. He can't bear (joke/be joked at). 11. He does not like (laugh/be laughed) at other people. 12. Look, a ship can (see/beseen) in thedistance. Can you (see/be seen) it?

Exercise 181.

Change the sentences according to the examples.

A

Example: It is simple to solve this problem. — This problem is simple to solve.

It is difficult to speak to such people. — Such people are difficult to speak to.

1. It is expensive to buy a mink coat. 2. It is impossible to get a good dinner in our canteen. 3. It was difficult to start an engine in such cold weather. 4. It is dangerous to stand on this ladder. 5. It is rather difficult to deal with stubborn people. 6. It is dangerous to drive a car in big cities. 7. It is interesting to meet new people. 8. It is simple to'communicate with people due to Internet. 9. It was unpleasant to watch their quarrel. 10. It is always funny to listen to him.

В

Example: He came to the party the last. — He was the last to come to the party.

1. He is the only one among us who gave up smoking. 2.1 was the next who spoke on the topic. 3, He was the first who raised this question. 4. She was the second who got an excellent mark. 5. Paul was the last who greeted me. 6. She 13 the first who was fired. 7. He was the only one who jumped with a parachute. 8.1 am the next who will be interviewed. 9. He was the only one who could speak Japanese. 10.1 was the first who noticed the mistake. 11. His horse came in the race the last. 12. She was the first among us who recognized them.

C

Example: It was the best time when she could find them at home. — It was the best time for her to find them at home.

1. Here is a simple English book that you can read. 2. The first thing they must do when they arrive is to phone home. 3. This is a problem you should solve by yourself. 4. There is nothing that we can add. 5. These are children you can play with. 6. It is not a question you may laugh at. 7. There is nothing that we can do now. 8. These are nice flowers you can buy. 9. It was a little town where they could live a quiet life. 10. It is quite natural that they will get married.

Exercise 182.

Make up new sentences beginning with It was. Use one of the adjectives from the box. The first is done for you.

nice mean

unfair kind

sensible silly

careless

Example: Mary invited'us to the party. — It was nice of Mary to invite us to the party. 147

1. He bought a car but he can't drive. 2. She betrayed all her friends. Nobody wants to speak to her. 3. They helped with the work. 4. The manager cut down his salary, though he is the best worker in the team. 5. He sold his house when it cost $45,000. Now such a house costs $40,000. 6. You made a serious mistake when you trusted her.

Exercise 183.

Complete the sentences with what /how/ where/whether and the verbs from the box.

1.1 need advice. I have been offered a new job but I really don't know___it or not. 2. Do you know___if the robbers burst into the bank? 3. Can you tell me___if there is a fire? 4.1 don't know___the computer. Will this button do? 5. The countries are very interesting and

I haven't chosen yet___. 6. The TV set is good but I haven't decided yet ___it or not. 7. Why have you stopped? Have you forgotten___? 8. Have you understood ___this device? 9. The problem is serious. I don't know ___in this situation. 10.1 wonder___a suitcase. The

trip will take only two days.

Exercise 184.

Fill in the blanks with the particle to where necessary.

1. I'd rather (listen) to the radio than (see) this soap opera on TV, — As for me, I prefer (watch) TV. You'd better (take) a radio and (go) for a walk. 2. You are cold. You'd better (sit) near the fireplace. 3. She'd prefer (fly) rather than (go) by train. The plane saves time. 4. I'd rather (not go) to the country tomorrow. The weather leaves much to be desired. 5. You'd better (take) an aspirin. You look bad. 6. He preferred (put on) a brown suit. 7. She prefers (not wear) shoes with high heels. 8.1 want to get thinner so I'd rather (walk) than (go) by car. 9. You'd better (buy) a mobile telephone, it's more convenient. 10. I'd prefer (go) there in July.

Exercise 185.

Make up sentences.

Example: I/prefer/go alone/go with him. — I prefer to go alone rather than go with him.

1. I'd rather/stay at home/go out 2. He/prefer/solve a problem immediately/postpone it 3. I'd/prefer/buy it tonight/go shopping early in the morning 4. They'd/ prefer/go to the restaurant/cook dinner at home 5. I'd rather/die/betray my friends 6. She/prefer/go to the country/stay in town 7. I'd rather/go to the movies/ watch the VCR 8. We'd/prefer/read a book/see a screened version 9. She/prefer/drink a cup of juice/have a substantial breakfast 10. I'd rather/go to the museum/ stay at home

Exercise 186.

Open the brackets and put the verb into | the corresponding form.

Example: I'd rather you (do) the job yourself. — I'd rather you did the job yourself.

1. I'd rather he (go) on holiday in March. 2. Would you rather I (cook) the supper? 3. I'd rather they (go) with us. 4. Would you rather he (play) the leading part? 5. I'd rather she (buy) a new TV instead of a freezer. 6. Would you rather I (not know) anything? 7'. I'd rather you (ask) me a straight question. 8. Would you rather he (make) a new attempt? 9. I'd rather she (enter) the university. 10. Would you rather she (not interfere)?

Exercise 187.

Make up sentences according to the example.

Example: time/he/come back. — It's time for him to come back.

1) high time/we/say goodbye to everybody; 2) time/ the child/go to bed; 3) time/she/put up with his behavior; 4) high time/they/develop a new model; 5) about time/ we/leave the house; 6) high time/he/speak English fluently; 7) time/she/choose a profession; 8) high time/ we/buy a new TV set; 9) high time/he/ring me up; 10) time/he/temper justice with mercy.

Exercise 188.

Change your sentences according to the example.

Example: It is high time for them to come back. — It is high time they came back.

1. It is time for her to make a decision. 2. It is high time for her cousin to find a job. 3. It is high time for us to put up with it. 4. It is time for you to get married. 5. It is high time for me to hand in the composition. 6. It is about time lor the chairman to make a break. 7. It is high time for Granny to have a nap. 8. It is high time for Pete to take his mother from the hospital. 9. It is high time for the government to change their policy. 10. It's high time for the local authorities to pull down this house.

Exercise 189.

Find and correct the mistakes if any.

1. I'd prefer to speak to you in private than phone you, 2. There is a reporter for interview you. 3. The meat is too hot to eat. 4. You would better help her carry these suitcases. 5. It was very generous from them to give us such a present. 6. Sorry to have failed to keep the appointment. 7.1 had rather go without him. 8. She the first to finish the hometask. 9.1 don't like to be listened to him. 10.1 am not sure where going now. 11. Such books are interesting reading, 12,1 am the next to fire.

Exercise 190.

Translate into English.

1. Она была слишком мала, чтобы запомнить про­исшествие (incident). 2. Он тот самый человек, с кото­рым можно поговорить по этому вопросу. 3. Для него важно получить информацию сегодня. 4. Вот деньги, которые мы можем потратить на мебель, 5. Они очень довольны (pleased), что их пригласили на конферен­цию (conference). 6. Вы будете выступать (speak) пер­вым. 7. На эту ошибку надо обратить особое (particular) внимание. 8. Ты бы лучше остался дома. 9. С его сто­роны благородно (great) сделать все (do one's best) для того, чтобы спасти их. 10. Он не знал, что делать дальше и к кому обращаться с просьбой (make a request). 11. Он позже всех разгадал ее намерения (intentions). 12. Я бы предпочел поехать туда на ма­шине, а не на самолете. 13. Уже совсем темно, давно пора включить свет. 14. Ему пора обратиться к вра­чу. 15. Я предпочитаю отдыхать где-нибудь на море, а не сидеть на даче.

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