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LECTURE 5. OE VOCABULARY

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  1. A) Study the vocabulary for work and jobs. Match words and phrases from the left-side column with their Ukrainian equivalents.
  2. A) Study useful vocabulary for recruitment and selection.
  3. Active vocabulary.
  4. End of the 1-st term vocabulary
  5. End of the 2-nd term vocabulary
  6. Etymological division of the OE Vocabulary
  7. Family – Key Vocabulary in Context
  8. LECTURE 01
  9. LECTURE 02
  10. LECTURE 1
  11. Lecture 1 Object of Stylistics
  12. LECTURE 1. INTRODUCTION

Plan

I. Composition of the vocabulary.

II. Ways of developing the vocabulary.

1. Word-building: a) Affixation; b) Composition.

2. Borrowings: a) from Celtic; b) from Latin.

III. Poetic vocabulary.

 

I. The OE vocabulary is mainly homogeneous. Loan-words are an insignificant part of it. Among native words we can distinguish the following layers:

1. Common Indo-European words, which were inherited from the I-E parent language. For example, (a) nouns : fæder, modor, nama, tunZe, fot, niht, heorte; (b) adjectives : neowe,ZeonZ, riht, lonZ, (c) numerals 1 – 10, (d) verbs: sittan, licZan, beran, teran (father, mother, name tongue, foot, night, heart, new, young, right, long, …, sit, lie, bear, tear).

2. Common Germanic words: (a) nouns: eorDe, land, sæ, heall, sand, earm; (b) adjectives: earm, Zrene; (c) verbs : findan, sinZan, steorfan (earth, land, sea, arm, poor, green, find, sing, die)

3. Specifically English words, not found in any other language. These are very few. The verb clipian (to call) is one of them.

II. Ways of developing the vocabulary.

The OE vocabulary, like that of any other language, develops in two ways: by forming new words from elements existing in the language and by taking over words from other languages. In OE the first of these is by far the more important.

Morphological word-building is subdivided into 2 types: affixation and composition.

Suffixes play an important part in OE. Let’s consider OE suffixes grouping them according to the parts of speech they derive.

 

Suffix in OE origin meaning example
NOUN -ere   Doer of the action, masculine Fiscere, writere
NOUN -estre   Doer of the action, feminine Bæcestre, spinestre
NOUN -end <-ende Suffix, Partciple I Freond, feond
NOUN –inZ/-unZ   Verbal noun suffix LeornunZ, rædinZ
NOUN –inZ/-linZ   Patronymic> noun adjective>noun CyninZ, lytlinZ, deorlinZ
NOUN -dom <dom (OEnoun) Doom, fate, law Wisdom, freodom
NOUN -D   Abstract noun TreowD, huntoD
NOUN -had < had (OE noun) Title, rank cildhad
NOUN -scipe <scippan (OE verb) To create Freondscipe, Zebeorscipe
ADJECTIVE -iZ     HaliZ, bysiZ,
ADJECTIVE -en     Zylden (from old), wyllen (from wulle)
ADJECTIVE -isc     EnZlisc, welisc, folcisc
ADJECTIVE -sum     hiersum
ADJECTIVE -feald <fealdan (OE verb) To fold seofonfeald
ADJECTIVE -full <full (OE adj) full Synnfull, carfull
ADJECTIVE -leas <leas (OE adj.) deprived Slæpleas, Zeleavleas
ADJECTIVE -lic <lic (OE noun) body Freondlic, luflic

 

OE PREFIXES

OE prefix meaning examples
VERB -a Out of, from Awacan, arisan
VERB, PRONOUN -a always ahwær
VERB, NOUN be- near Beheafdian, beDencan
VERB, NOUN for- Loss, destruction fordon
VERB, NOUN mis- Negation, bad quality Mislician, misdæd
VERB, NOUN Ze- 1)collectivity, 2)perfect Zefera, Zeseon
ADJECTIVE, NOUN un- Negation uncuD

 


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