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Ex. 7 Match the terms in left side column with their definitions

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  1. A) Study the vocabulary for work and jobs. Match words and phrases from the left-side column with their Ukrainian equivalents.
  2. Choose the correct alternative in each of these sentences. Then match them to the statements a-i about use of tenses.
  3. Ex. 10 Read the following short texts and match them with their titles.
  4. Ex. 21. Match the collocations from the text.
  5. Exercise 1. Match the beginning and the end of the sentence.
  6. Exercise 1. Read the definitions and tell the words from the text.
  7. Exercise 3. Read the definitions of the following adjectives and tell the words.
  8. Features of the development of the English literary pronunciation and their conditionality features stories.
  9. I. KEY TERMS
  10. KEY TERMS
  11. Task3 Match the phrases on the left with their responses on the right
1. Public finance a) bringing inflation under control and lowering it over time
2. Tax b) part of the income which a person is allowed to earn and not pay tax on
3. Macroeconomic stabilization c) a tax on the estimated market value added to a product or material at each stage of its production
4. Tax allowance d) a legal document that is often passed by the legislature, and approved by a president, an estimate of national revenue and expenditure for the ensuing fiscal year
5. Tax relief e) a sum of budgets of all levels of subjects, extrabudgetary and reserve funds
6. Value-added tax f) a fee charged (levied) by a government on a product, income, or activity
7. A government budget g) refers to tax breaks that reduce the amount of tax due
8. Resource allocation h) the network of institutions through which firms, households and units of government get the funds they need and put surplus funds to work
9. The financial system i) the process of allocating resources among the various projects or business units
10. Capital Expenditure/Outlays j) proceeds from the sale of fixed or capital assets, such as land, building, machinery, stocks and intangibles, including receipts of unrequited transfers for capital purposes from non-governmental sources.
11. Capital revenue k) aggregate of revenues, borrowings and disbursements of the national government showing a cash deficit or surplus
12. Cash Budget l) shortfall/deficiency of revenues over expenditures of the government
13. Budget deficit m) expenditures for the acquisition of fixed assets and other goods and services the productive benefits of which extend beyond the fiscal year. These include investments in the capital stock of Government Owned or Controlled Corporations and their subsidiaries and investments in public utilities and loans outlays
14. Grants n) revenue collected from sources other than compulsory tax levies. Includes those collected in exchange for direct services rendered by government agencies to the public, or those arising from the government’s regulatory and investment activities.
15. Non-Tax Revenue o) all non-repayable transfers received from other levels of government or from private individuals, or institutions including reparations and gifts given for particular projects or programs, or for general budget support.

 

Ex. 8. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:

Interviewer: It’s impossible to overestimate the importance of a good, bal­anced budget for a country.

Economist: Повністю з вами погоджуюсь. Бюджет — це головний фінансовий інструмент країни. Це план, прогноз, оцінка доходів та витрат, як правило, на один рік. Уряд повинен дуже ретельно розподіляти свої ресурси і точно прогнозувати свої доходи.

Int.: I know that your Parliament, the legislative body of your country, is considering the draft budget now. Deputies have submitted a lot of amendments to the draft budget about restructuring debts and paying off pensions and children benefits.

Econ.: Саме так. Депутати хочуть, щоб були збільшені асигнувания на розвиток промисловості, на соціальну сферу та регіональні програми.

Int.: Now that you have mentioned regional programmes, I’d like to say that, as far as I know, the majority of your regions constantly have financial problems.

Econ.: Дійсно. Наші області знаходяться в різних кліматичних, демографічних та економічних умовах, мають різні природні багатства. В результаті вони мають різний дохід на душу населения. Однак регіони повинні більш ретельно планувати свої витрати та вживати заходів щодо збільшення доходів.

Int.: Recently you’ve reached a new agreement on how to distribute tax revenues among the refions.

Econ.: Так, хочу також зауважити, що механізм здійснення трансфертів в регіони успішно функціонують.

Int.: You’ve settled one of the basic budget issues. I’m sure your state budget will soon be approved.

 


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