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The Sources Of British Law

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UNIT I

THE LAW AND JUDICIARY IN GREAT BRITAIN

Section I

Before reading the text, study the following words:

Common Law - общее право (прецедентное право)

Equity Law - право справедливости - система права, действующая наряду с общим правом и писаным, статутным правом; дополняет общее право

Statute Law - статутное право

European Law - Европейское право (право стран, входящих в Европейский Союз)

Domestic law- внутригосударственное право

Legislation- законодательство

case law/ judge-made law/precedent law прецедентное право

treaty- межгосударственный договор

T e x t 1

The Sources Of British Law

Pre-reading task:

Answer the question:

What sources of law do you know?

 

In Britain one generally speaks of three sources of law - Common Law, Equity Law and Statute Law.

Statute Law (also Statutory Law) includes both laws passed in Parliament and acts of delegated legislation, i.e. legislation made by executive organs. Up to the end of the 19th century the scope of Parliamentary legislation was relatively small. Today, however, there is hardly any aspect of everyday life that is not regulated by statute law.

Common Law consists of a system of recorded cases, precedents, valid for subsequent similar cases. It is case law, or more exactly, judge-made law, based on past decisions of judges in accordance with custom and reason and having the character of a general legal principle.

Equity Law is a system of law originated in the English Chancery. Practically speaking, it is a system of case law governed by the binding force of precedent (as Common Law) but exercised by Lord Chancellor and his staff

Since Britain's accession to the European Union (the European Community till 1993), European Law has also become a source of the law in the United Kingdom. European Law is to be found in the Union's treaties and decisions of the Union's institutions. It operates as a separate system side by side with domestic law. Where European Law is in conflict with domestic law, European Law prevails.

 

Ex. 1. Match each word or phrase on the left to the Russian equivalents on the right.

1. source of law a. прецедентное право
2. binding force b. статутное право
3. statute law c. внутригосударственное право
4. judge-made law d.органы исполнительной власти
5. domestic law e. делегированное законодательство
6. executive organs f.источник права
7. delegated legislation h.обязательная сила

 

Ex. 2. Match each word or phrase on the left to the correct definition on the right:

1. case law a) formal agreements between different countries
2. precedent b) a judicial decision that serves as an authority for deciding a later case
3. delegated legislation c) a system of jurisprudence founded on principles of natural justice and fair conduct
4. legislation d) the long-established habit or tradition
5. equity e) the act or process of making laws
6. custom f) legislation made by executive organs
7. treaties g) law based on judicial precedent

Ex. 3. Complete the sentences.

1. There are……sources of law in Great Britain.

2. Statute law includes…

3. Common law consists of…

4. Case law or judge-made law….

5. Equity law is…….

6. European law is…..

Ex.4. Answer the following questions on Text 1:

1. How many sources of law have been enumerated in the text?

2. What are they?

3. What is the main category of Statute Law?

4. What is the basis of Common Law?

5. What is the difference between Common Law and Equity Law?

6. What is the basis of European Law?

 

Ex. 5. Fill in the gaps with the suitable words


1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |

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