Pest Control Methods

S.Seifullin Kazakh Agro-Technical University

Technical faculty

Department of Agricultural and post-harvesting Machines

LABORATORY WORK

) on subject) on subject on subject «Adjustment and linkage of Agricultural machines»

Theme: Pest control machinery

Astana 2012

Authors: Yeskhozhin К. – Candidat of Techical Sciense, Associate Professor of the Department of Agricultural and post-harvesting Machines.

Educational-methodical __________ is designed for training on discipline "Fundamentals of tractors" for students on specialty 5B080600 - "Agricultural techniques and technology"

Educational-methodical instructions are made according to the working curriculum of specialty.

Methodical instructions are intended for students of specialties 5В080600 – «Agricultural techniques and technology» and includes laboratory occupation tasks and independent work, educational literature lists and control questions for self-examination.

Reviewers: Doctor of Technical Science, Professor S.O. Nukeshev;

Reviewed and recommended at a meeting of the Department of Agricultural and post-harvesting Machines.

Protocol № ___, of "__" ___________ 2012.

Reviewed and recommended at a meeting of the methodical commission of Technical Faculty.

Protocol № ___, of "__" ___________ 2012.

Purpose of the work:

1. To study the Pest Control Methods.

2. To study the construction of Non-Chemical Techniques and its important functions.

3. To study theChemical Control Methods

2. To study the construction of Spraying Equipment, Sprayers, The Parts of a Sprayer, The Sprayer Circuit, components and its functions.

4. Controls and adjustments

Pest Control Methods

In agricultural production a pest is anything that impedes or competes with the desired crop. The pest may be other plants (weeds), insects, fungi or diseases. Control of these pests is accomplished by chemical means, nonchemical treatments, or a combination of measures sometimes known as integrated pest management (IPM). IPM strives for pest control using biological, chemical and physical means that are effective, economical and environmentally friendly.

Non-Chemical Methods. These methods usually have low environmental impact but may be expensive, time-consuming or laborious. The high cost of chemicals, concerns about public health, envi­ronmental impact of chemical controls, and the growing popularity of clean agriculture and organic farming are all factors that have promoted the use of traditional and new nonchemical pest control methods.

In developed countries particularly for horticultural and fresh produce crops, there is growing interest in these methods, even though they may be less profitable than chemical controls. Traditional nonchemical pest controls have primarily focused on physical treatments.

Chemical Control Methods. Chemicals that control pests, i.e., pesticides, can be classed as either contact or sys­temic. Chemicals that control by contact must be in direct contact with the pest they are to control. Systemic chemicals are absorbed into the plant by roots and leaves, and cause interference with the ongoing growth process of the pest. Chemicals may be applied to the soil or to the foliage as liquids (sprays) or as solids (dust and granular).

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