What is Stylistic Inversion?

Теоритические

This is a stylistic device in which the traditional direct order of the English sentence S-P-O is changed either completely so that the predicate (predicative) precedes the subject fully or partially or the object precedes the subject. So we distinguish complete and partial inversion. Unlike grammatical inversion, stylistic inversion does not change the structural meaning of the sentence. Its purpose is to attach logical stress or additional emotional colouring to the surface meaning of the sentence. That is why inversion is accompanied by a specific intonation pattern. The types of inversion predominantly used in Modem English are as follows:1. The object stands at the beginning of the sentence, e.g. Talent Mr. Micawber has; capital Mr. Micawber has not. {L) 2. The attribute expressed by an adjective stands in post-position to the noun it modifies, e.g. But it's a letter congratulatory. (A.C.). 3. The predicative expressed by a noun or a pronoun precedes the subject, e.g. Insolent, wilful and singularly pretty was her aspect. (Ch.B.) 4. The adverbial modifier, usually standing at the end of the sentence, is placed at the beginning, e.g. Eagerly I wished the morrow. (E.Poe) When the reader notices that the traditional word order is violated, he should be aware of the author's intention to attach special importance to the inverted part of the sentence and look for some additional information lying behind it. In Modern English we often come across questions which are presented as affirmative sentences, the only indication, of their
interrogative nature being the question mark at the end. E.g. Then he said: "You think so? She was mixed up in this lousy business? (J.Br.) The inverted question presupposes the answer with more certainty than the normative one. It is the assuredness of the speaker of the positive answer that constitutes additional information which is brought into the question by the inverted word order.

What is pleonasm? Pleonasm is derived from a Greek word that means “ excess ”. It is a rhetorical device which can be defined as the use of a second or more words (phrase) to express an idea. These words are redundant such as in the following examples of pleonasm, “burning fire” and “black darkness.” Sometimes, pleonasm is also called tautology, which is the repetition of words. pleonasm is a combination of two or more words which are more than those required for clear expression. For example, “I saw it with my own eyes.” There are two types of pleonasm as given below: 1. Syntactic Pleonasm. This occurs when the grammatical language makes specific functional words optional such as;

“I know you will come.”
“I know that you will come.”

In the given pleonasm examples, the conjunction, “that” is optional while joining a verb phrase with a sentence. Although both sentences are correct grammatically, however, the conjunction “that” is pleonastic. 2. Semantic Pleonasm. The semantic pleonasm is related more to the style of the language than the grammar such as given below.

“I am eating tuna fish burger.”

Here tuna is itself a name of fish, and there is no need to add word “fish”. Therefore, the word fish is pleonastic in the sentence.

Name a style that is a system of interrelated lexical, phraseological and grammatical means which is perceived by the community speaking the language as a separate unity that basically serves the purpose of informing and instructing the reader. To attract the reader’s attention specific headlines, space ordering, a large proportion of dates, personal names of countries, institutions, and individuals are used. (newspaper style)

What is Allusion? Allusion is a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance. It does not describe in detail the person or thing to which it refers. It is just a passing comment and the writer expects the reader to possess enough knowledge to spot the allusion and grasp its importance in a text. For instance, you make a literary allusion the moment you say, “I do not approve of this quixotic idea,” Quixotic means stupid and impractical derived from Cervantes’s “Don Quixote”, a story of a foolish knight and his misadventures. The use allusions are not confined to literature alone. Their occurrence is fairly common in our daily speech. Look at some common allusion examples in everyday life:

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