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The Situation in the Sector of Water and Sewage Utilities in Russia
Now the situation in the housing and utility sector in Russia is on the way to become a threat to the social and economic growth of the nation. According to figures from the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation, the services of centralized water supply are available to 30 % of all population centers in the Russian Federation, with the services of centralized sewerage available to a mere 5.5 %, including in towns to 99 % and 97 % of the population respectively, in settlements 93 % and 74 %, in rural areas no more than 29 % and 4 %.
The country has a total of 8801 water-supply systems, with centralized water supply used by 106.5 mln people resident in 1092 towns and 1872 urban-type settlements. The total length of the water mains in Russia’s population centers is 463.0 thousand km, including 200.9 thousand km in towns (43 %). The capacity of water-supply systems is estimated at 90.0 mln cbm / day, with towns accounting for about 71.0 mln cbm / day (79 %).
To date, the condition of Russia’s utilities, and in particular of the water and sewage utilities, is considered critical. According to figures from the Federal Agency for Construction, Housing and Utilities, as of the beginning of 2005, the degree of wear and tear on public utility infrastructure facilities in certain municipal entities (городские объекты) is as high as 70-80 %, with the degree of wear and tear increasing by 2-3 % annually.
In the sector of water and sewage utilities the wear and tear on property (имущество), plant and equipment ranges from 50 to 70 %. Specifically, the wear and tear of water mains is 65.3 %, of sewerage networks 62.5 %, of water-supply pumping stations 65.1 %, of sewerage pumping stations 57.1 %, of water purification facilities
53.9 %, of sewage treatment facilities 56.2 %.
Such situation is the result of inadequate management system, dominance of political expediency (целесообразность) over economic considerations in the area of tariff regulation, unsatisfactory financial situation, high costs, massive losses of power, water and other resources.
V. Find the right translation. Match A with B.
A B
| 1. urban-type settlement | 1. тарифные нормативы |
| 2. wear and tear | 2. городские объекты |
| 3. municipal entities | 3. станции по перекачиванию сточных вод |
| 4. sewerage pumping station | 4. амортизация |
| 5. sewage treatment facilities | 5. заводы по обезвреживанию сточных вод |
| 6. tariff regulation | 6. поселок городского типа |
| 7. massive losses of power and water | 7. большие потери энергии и воды |
VI. Read the text “Russian Water Industry remains at Crossroads” and find the answers to the following questions:
1. What is one of the major problems in Russia?
2. How much of total reserves of drinking water in Russia currently does not meet sanitary standards?
3. All people in Russia have access to quality drinking water, don’t they?
4. Is the current status of the Russian water supply system satisfactory? Why?
5. For how long has the reform of the sector of housing and public utilities been in progress? Is it a success?
6. What is the main objective of reforming and modernizing the utilities in Russia as set by the Government of the Russian Federation?
7. What should be done to fulfill this task?
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