Word-Composition

§ 24. Compounding........................................................................................... 140

§ 25. Structure.................................................................................................... 141

§ 26. Meaning........................................................................................................... 143

§ 27. Structural Meaning of the Pattern.................................................................... 144

§ 28. The Meaning of Compounds. Motivation....................................................... 145

§ 29. Classification................................................................................................... 146

§ 30. Relations between the ICs of Compounds....................................................... 146

§ 31. Different Parts of Speech................................................................................ 147

§ 32. Means of Composition.............................................................................. 148

§ 33. Types of Bases................................................................................................ 149

§ 34. Correlation between Compounds and Free Phrases........................................ 151

§ 35. Correlation Types of Compounds................................................................... 154

§ 36. Sources of Compounds................................................................................... 158

§ 37. Summary and Conclusions...................................................................... 158

VI. ETYMOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE ENGLISH WORD-STOCK

§ 1. Some Basic Assumptions.................................................................................. 160

Words of Native Origin

§ 2. Semantic Characteristics and Collocability........................................................ 162

§ 3. Derivational Potential.................................................................................. 162

§ 4. Summary and Conclusions................................................................................ 164

Borrowings

§ 5. Causes and Ways of Borrowing........................................................................ 164

§ 6. Criteria of Borrowings.................................... ■........................................... 165

§ 7. Assimilation of Borrowings........................................................................ 166

§ 8. Phonetic, Grammatical and Lexical Assimilation of Borrowings 167

§ 9. Degree of Assimilation and Factors Determining It........................................... 170

§ 10. Summary and Conclusions.............................................................................. 170

Interrelation between Native and Borrowed Elements

§ 11. The Role of Native and Borrowed Elements................................................... 171

§ 12. Influence of Borrowings................................................................................. 172

§ 13. Summary and Conclusions....................................................................... 175

VII. VARIOUS ASPECTS OF VOCABULARY UNITS AND REPLENISHMENT OF MODERN ENGLISH WORD-STOCK

Interdependence of Various Aspects of the Word

§ 1. Notional and Form Words......................................................................... 176

§ 2. Frequency, Polysemy and Structure................................................................. 177

§ 3. Frequency and Stylistic Reference.............................................................. 178

§ 4. Frequency, Polysemy and Etymology........................................................ 179

§ 5. Frequency and Semantic Structure.................................................................... 180

Replenishment of Modern English Vocabulary

§ 6. Development of Vocabulary...................................................................... 180

§ 7. Structural and Semantic Peculiarities of New Vocabulary Units 183

Ways and Means of Enriching the Vocabulary

§ 8. Productive Word-Formation..................................................................... 184

§ 9. Various Ways of Word-Creation.................................................................... 187

§ 10. Borrowing...................................................................................................... 191

§ 11. Semantic Extension................................................................................... 193

Number of Vocabulary Units in Modern English

§ 12. Some Debatable Problems of Lexicology..................................................... 195

§ 13. Intrinsic Heterogeneity of Modern English.................................................... 196

§ 14. Number of Vocabulary Items in Actual Use and Number of Vocabulary Units in Modern English 197

§ 15. Summary and Conclusions»........................................................................ 198

VIII. VARIANTS AND DIALECTS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

The Main Variants of the English Language

§ 1. General Characteristics of the English Language in Different Parts of

the English-Speaking World..................................................................... 200

§ 2. Lexical Differences of Territorial Variants....................................................... 202

§ 3. Some Points of History of the Territorial Variants and Lexical Interchange Between Them 205

Local Varieties in the British Isles and the USA

§ 4. Local Dialects in the British Isles................................................................... 206

§ 5. The Relationship Between the English National Language and

British Local Dialects.................................................................................... 207

§ 6. Local Dialects in the USA........................................................................... 208

§ 7. Summary and Conclusions.............................................................................. 209

IX. FUNDAMENTALS OF ENGLISH LEXICOGRAPHY

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