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GLOSSARY. Acid rain rain that is harmful to trees and buildings because it has become mixed with smoke from factories and power stations
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| Acid rain | rain that is harmful to trees and buildings because it has become mixed with smoke from factories and power stations. |
| Air quality | how clean or dirty the air is in a particular town or place. Sometimes the air quality is so bad that people have to stay indoors. |
| Alternative | alternative methods are very different from the methods which have been used for a long time, and which people regard as normal, but they are usually less harmful. Scientists searching for alternative sources of energy. |
| Atmosphere | the mixture of air and gases that surrounds the Earth. |
| Car pool | a group of car owners who agree to drive everyone in the group to work or school on different days, so that only one car is used at a time. |
| CFCs | also chlorofluorocarbons chemicals that damage the ozone layer. CFCs are used especially in refrigerators and in some aerosols. |
| Congestion | when there are too many cars on a road, so that the traffic moves very slowly. If people lived closer to their jobs, there would be less congestion on the freeways. |
| Ecology | is the science of how living things are related to their environment. |
| Electric car | a car that uses special batteries, instead of petrol, as its source of power. |
| Endangered | if a type of plant or animal is endangered, it may soon no longer exist. |
| Endangered species | = one that may soon no longer exist. The black rhino is an endangered species and is protected by law. Wolves used to be common throughout Europe, but are now an endangered species. |
| Environment | the air, water, and land where people, animals, and plants live, and the way all these things depend on each other, so that life can continue. |
| Environmental | use this to talk about things that affect the environment, especially problems and damage to the environment. Public transportation systems can help to reduce environmental pollution. |
| Environmental group | a group of people that aims to protect the environment, for example by spreading information and trying to make governments change their policy. |
| Environmentally friendly | causing less harm to the environment. |
| Exhaust fumes | = fumes from cars. |
| Extinct | if a type of plant or animal is extinct, it no longer exists. |
| Fertilizer | a mixture of chemicals used by farmers to help crops grow. |
| Flooding | when an area of land becomes covered with water. |
| Fumes | harmful gas or smoke, for example from factories or cars, which damage the environment and people’s health. |
| Global warming | the idea that the Earth’s weather is gradually becoming warmer because of pollution. |
| Green | use this to talk about things connected with protecting the environment, such as ideas and policies, or products you can buy that affect the environment. |
| Green issues | = ideas about the environment that are discussed in meetings, newspapers, on television etc. People are becoming more aware of green issues, such as the need to reduce road traffic. |
| Green products | = that do not harm the environment. They sell green products such as recycled paper and organic vegetables. |
| Greenhouse effect | the gradual warming of the Earth caused by gases that stop heat from leaving the Earth atmosphere. |
| Greenhouse gas | a gas that forms layer around the Earth and stops heat from leaving the atmosphere. |
| Habitat | the natural home of a plant or animal. Cutting down the forest will destroy the habitat of thousands of birds and animals. |
| Harm/ damage/ destroy | pollute the environment. Local people are protesting because the planned new road will destroy the environment. |
| Natural habitat | = used especially when you are comparing it with an unnatural habitat, such as a zoo. This snake’s natural habitat is the Amazonian jungle. |
| Organic | organic fruit, meat, and vegetables have been produced without using chemicals. |
| Ozone layer | a layer of gases around the Earth that protects us by stopping harmful light from the sun reaching the Earth. |
| Pesticide | a mixture of chemicals used by farmers to kill insects or small animals. |
| Pollutant | a substance that pollutes the environment. Scientists have discovered that the fish are being killed by pollutants in the water. |
| Polluter | someone or something that damages the environment with harmful chemicals or waste. |
| Pollution | damage caused to the environment by harmful chemicals or waste. |
| Power station | a building where electricity is produced. |
| Protect | the environment. New laws are being introduced to protect the environment from industrial gases that cause acid rain. |
| Protected species | = one that is protected by laws, so that it is illegal to kill it or harm it. |
| Protest(noun) | when a group of people comes together to show that they think something is wrong and they want it to be changed. |
| Protest(verb) | to publicly say or do something to show that you think something is wrong and you want it to be changed. |
| Protester | someone who protests against something. |
| Public transport(Brit.) | /public transportation (Am.) bus and train services provided for everyone to use. |
| Rainforest | a tropical forest with tall trees that are very close together, growing in a part of the world where it rains a lot: a campaign to stop the destruction of the rainforests. |
| Recycle(verb) | to take materials that have already been used, and to put them through a special process so that they can be used again. |
| Recycled | paper/plastic/glass etc. All the bottles we use are made from recycled glass. |
| Renewable energy | energy that is always replaced naturally after it has been used. |
| Renewable energy sources | = something that can provide renewable energy, e.g. the wind, waves, and the sun. |
| Skin cancer | a skin disease that can kill people, caused by ultraviolet light. |
| Smog | dirty brown air in cities that is a mixture of fog, smoke, and harmful gases. |
| Solar power | energy from the sun, used to make electricity and to heat water. |
| Species | a group of animals or plants of the same kind. The coast is home to many species of birds. |
| Sustainable source | if wood is from a sustainable source, it is from a forest where the trees can be replaced as quickly as they are cut down. |
| Threaten(verb) | if something threatens the environment or a type of plant or animal, it is damaging it and may eventually destroy it. Economic development and rapid population growth threaten the entire planet. |
| Toxic waste | poisonous waste from industry. |
| Ultraviolet light | a part of sunlight that humans cannot see. It can be harmful but most of it does not normally reach the Earth. |
| Wave power | energy from movement of the sea, used to make electricity. |
| Wildlife | animals and plants living and growing in natural conditions. |
| Wind power | energy from the wind, used to make electricity and to make machines work. |
| Woodland | an area covered with trees in the northern part of the world, especially Europe. |
Список использованной литературы
1. The Arctic Nuclear Challenge. Volume 3: Bellona Report, Oslo, 2001.
2. Дроздова, Т. The Whole World in Our Hands: The Environmental Crisis: Учеб. пособие/ Т. Дроздова, А. Берестова – СПб.: Химера, 1999.
3. Speak Out. – Kiev. – 1999. – №2-3.
4. Положинцев, Б.И. Экология в терминах и понятиях: В 2 т./ Б.И. Положинцев, СПб.: Химера, 1999.
5. Pavlova, T.V. Guide to Environmental Issues. Part II. Экология в терминах и понятиях. – M.: Moscow Publisher IIUEP, 1998.
6. Singer, Andre. Battle for the Planet. – London, Foreword © Jonathon Porrit, 1987.
7. Longman Essential Activator. – London: Addison Wesley Longman Limited, 1997.
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