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Some compounds are spelled either with a hyphen or together in AmE comparing with their British counterparts, e.g.: breakdown, Am – break-down, Br; weekend, Am – weekend, Br; grandcover, Am – grand cover, Br. North American lexicon has given English thousands of words, phrases, and new meanings. The process of coining new words started with borrowing names for unfamiliar fl ora, fauna, and topography from Native American languages. Examples are chinook, hikory, moose, opossum, raccoon, sequoia, squash, Alabama, Appalachians, Chicago, Dacota, Hudson, Milwaukee, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, Niagara, Ohio, Oklahoma, Omaha, Ontario, Potomac, Wyoming. North American vocabulary includes loanwords describing articles of everyday use of native Americans, e.g.: kayak, moccasin, tamarac, toboggan, tomahawk, wigwam, family relations, e.g.: squaw, squaw-man. The languages of other colonizing nations also added to the American vocabulary, e.g.: cent, chute, dime, levee, prairie, portage, pumpkin (from French), barbecue, bonanza, canyon, coyote, lasso, mesa, mustang, ranch, rodeo, rumba, sombrero, stevedore, tornado (from Spanish); boodle, cookie, cruller, dope, kill, Santa Claus, skate, snoop, yankee (from Dutch); delicatessen, hamburger, noodle, seminar (from German). Among the earliest and most notable additions to the American vocabulary there are terms describing features of the North American landscape, e.g.: barrens, bluff, bottomland, branch, cutoff, fork, gulch, knob, notch, rapids, riffl e, snag, timberline, trail, watergap. Such words as creek, slough, sleet, watershed received new meanings unknown in England. Thus, the word corn, used in England to denote wheat (or any cereal), came to name the plant Zea mays, the most important crop in the USA, originally named Indian corn; wheat, rye, barley, oats, etc. came to be collectively referred to as grain (or breadstuff); the word barn assumed additional meaning a “housing livestork”, the word team – a “vehicle run by horses”, as well as elevator and truck. With development of the society’s new concepts came into life marking different domains and spheres such as: real estate – land offi ce, outlands, waterfront, to locate, to relocate; types of property– adobe, log cabin (in the 18th c.), frame house, tenement house, shack, shanty (in the 19th c.), condominium, townhouse, mobile home, multi-family (in the 20th c.), and parts thereof – driveway, breezeway, backyard, dooryard, family room, basement; political institutions – caucus, carpetbagger, exit poll, fi libuster, gerrymander, gubernatorial; business and fi nance – blue chip, bottom dollar, breakeven, downsize, merger, raw deal; sports and games – bluff, cheap shot, off base, hit and run, quarterback; automobile industry – hatchback, motorhome, pickup truck, tailgate, etc. The vast corpus of vocabulary differences between Am and Br English came as a result of parallel development of two regional variants of language. These words and expressions refer to a large variety of areas such as politics, education, law, business, entertainment, cooking, etc.

Here are some of them:

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