E.g. Consider the pairs

[The window was] clean and [I'll] clean [the window]

[She drew some cash from the] bank [by the post office]

and [She lay on the] bank [of the river]

The two cleans are forms of different lexemes: the first is a form of the adjective clean, which has cleaner and cleanest as its other forms, whereas the second is a form of the verb clean, which has cleaned, cleans, etc., as its other forms. The difference between the two banks is lexical rather than grammatical: they are different lexi­cal items - i.e. different items of the vocabulary. So we will distinguish between the term ‘word’ used without qualification and lexicogrammatical word in such a way that the former does not presuppose any lexical or grammatical analysis while the latter does. Given this terminology, the two cleans or the two banks will be in­stances of the same word but of different lexico-grammatical words. We have more occasion to talk simply of words than of lexico-grammatical words.

The structure of the entire word may be represented by means of either a set of labeled brackets or a tree diagram. Note that brackets and trees are also used to rep­resent the structures of sentences.

The two types of notation are for the most part interchangeable

N

V

V

Adj

N

De nation al ize ation

CF

[[[hospital]N iz e ]V ed]V

Both ways indicate the details of the morphological structure of the word.

Поиск по сайту: