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Lexical features

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LECTURE 1

The Domain of Legal Discourse: Characteristics of
Legal Language

 

The crucial importance of the language of the law in the modern society is undeniable as through it the complex legal mechanism is set in motion. Legal terminology and phraseology is a major concern for all those who deal with legal language but especially for the legal translator as (s) he must bring to a common level, two or more legal systems which are sometimes particularly diverse and culture-bound.

Legal language means language of legal acts, legislation and legal deeds. The actual law is formulated in this language. All legal texts are drafted in legal language. Legal language is made up of several genres, each with its own specific, if often related, characteristics. It ranges from the spoken exchanges in a court between, say, lawyers and witnesses in a cross-examination, to the relatively standardized instructions given to jury members who are required to express a verdict in a court case, to the jargon employed by members of the legal profession in interpersonal communication, to the written language in case law, law reports and prescriptive legal texts.

English is the predominant language of international business, and has a significant role as a legal language within the European Union. Legal English is now a global phenomenon. It is the style of English used by lawyers and other legal professionals in the course of their work.

Legal discourse is a highly specialized use of language requiring a special set of habits. It refers to the acts of communication used in the practice of law. In law, communication is essential because it bridges the barriers between client and lawyer, lawyer and lawyer, and judge and lawyer. Thus, in legal discourse, certain terminologies are often used. Its principal basis is the theory of law, because it is meant to aid legal players in their day-to-day communication relating to law.

Obviously, translating legal texts requires painstaking attention to detail and sensitivity to the consequences of subtle contextual changes. Translating legal texts requires painstaking attention to detail and sensitivity to the consequences of subtle contextual changes. This kind of writing is such a departure from our everyday use of language that it is worthwhile to consider some of the specific characteristics of legal language which the translator should keep in mind.

 

The leading features of legal English

Lexical features


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