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Defining Creativity
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Of course, the algorithm depended on addressing a central question: how do you define – and measure – creativity?
There is a historically long and ongoing debate about how to define creativity. We can describe a person (a poet or a CEO), a product (a sculpture or a novel) or an idea as being “creative.”
In our work, we focused on the creativity of products. In doing so, we used the most common definition for creativity, which emphasizes the originality of the product, along with its lasting influence.
A graph highlighting certain paintings deemed most creative by the algorithm. Credit: Ahmed Elgammal
These criteria resonate with Kant’s definition of artistic genius, which emphasizes two conditions: being original and “exemplary.”
They’re also consistent with contemporary definitions, such as Margaret A. Boden’s widely accepted notion of Historical Creativity (H-Creativity) and Personal/Psychological Creativity (P-Creativity). The former assesses the novelty and utility of the work with respect to scope of human history, while the latter evaluates the novelty of ideas with respect to its creator.
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