Exercise 4. Translate from Russian into English

1. Hаш учитель учил нас уважать людей. 2. Он долго изучал этот вопрос и затем написал статью. 3. Я давно хочу научиться кататься на коньках. 4. Я благодарна своей бабушке за то, что она научила меня вести домашнее хозяйство (to keep the house). 5. Прежде чем приступить к работе, инженер тщательно изучил станок (machine-tool). 6. Моя подруга училась танцевать с инструктором. 7. В этом месяце студенты учатся правильно произносить звуки английского языка. 8. Сегодня английский язык изучают дети в детском саду. 9. У нее отличная память, поэтому ей легко изучать иностранные языки. 10. Девочка научилась писать левой рукой. 11. Это моя мама научила меня быть аккуратным и опрятным (neat and tidy). 12. Он изучает математику, так как собирается быть экономистом. 13. Некоторые люди думают, что иностранный язык можно выучить за один год. 14. Каждый ребенок имеет право учиться в нашей стране. 15. Я все еще помню стихотворения, которые учил в школе.

Verbs Do and Make

To do – to act, perform, carry out, undertake, fulfill. To do is used in a wider, more general sense, more abstractly than to make. To do denotes an action, but not the creation of something.

He didthe work well.He is doing his homework for tomorrow. What are you going to do when you come home? What are you doing? – I’m writing a letter.

To make – to produce, construct or bring into existence. To make means to create something either with the hands or the mind.

John made this chair. I’m fond of making dresses. On Sundays my mother makes wonderful cakes. What are you making? – A table.

When we speak of the material of which something is made we use the prepositions of, from, out of.

The table is made of wood. Bread is made from flour. The blouse is made out of an old dress.

Free combinations containing “ to do”: to do work; to do homework, housework; to do exercises; to do a translation; to do drills.

Free combinations containing “ to make”: to make a house; to make a machine; to make dinner; to make tea; to make a fire.

Set phrases with to do: to do smb. a favour; to do one’s hair=to arrange one’s hair; to do smb. a service

You did me a great service by coming today.

To do smb. credid

Your behavior does you credit.

To do sb. justice

To do him justice, he is very clever.

To do good; to do harm

The medicine will do you much good if you take it regularly.The fresh air did me a world of good. The storm did much harm on land and sea. Some birds do great harm to harvest.

“to have to do with” means “to be connected with”

He told us some facts which have nothing to do with the subject of the lecture. Has this book anything to do with your work? I don’t want to have anything to do with this person.

to do without = to get along without something

You will have to do without a new coat this year.

“ To do” is often used with adjectives, adverbs, and adverbial phrases: to do one’s best, to do well, to do worse, to do smth. willingly, with pleasure, etc.

Set phrases with to make: to make a mistake,to make a remark, to make a noise, to make a report (speech), to make faces, to make friends (enemies), to make progress, to make an effort(attempt), to make a promise;to make someone happy, sad; to make the bed, make a decision,make a change/changes,make a mess=to put things indisorder, make trouble, to make much of = to admire.

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