New impulses of regional cooperation

At the present stage the new impulse of regional cooperation is given. In Bishkek in 2007 there has passed the fourth ministerial conference of the Program the central-Asian regional economic cooperation (ЦАРЭС), covering seven states of region — Azerbaijan, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan and the countries adjoining to them. This year representatives of Russia and Afghanistan for the first time have taken part in conference work also.
Program ЦАРЭС conducts the history since 1997 and is directed on maintenance of regional initiatives in transport sector, trade development, a commercial policy and power for the purpose of improvement of economic indicators of the countries of the Central Asia, increase of a standard of living of the population of region. The initiator of realization of the given program is the Asian bank of development (АБР) which actively cooperates in questions of advancement of economic cooperation in the Central Asia with such international financial institutions and the organizations, as the European bank of reconstruction and development (European Reconstruction and Development Bank), the International currency fund, Islamic bank of development, the Program of development of United Nations (ПРООН) and the World bank [28]. Program ЦАРЭС at all isn't a counterbalance to leading regional programs and the organizations, on the contrary, carries out the projects in close interaction and cooperation with the Shanghai organization of cooperation and the Organization of the central-Asian cooperation (ОЦАС).
At a ministerial meeting in Kyrgyzstan has gathered almost two hundred delegates from the countries — participants ЦАРЭС and the international organizations cooperating with it and institutes, including observers from the countries next to region. Conference work in Bishkek the former member of the cabinet of Japan has opened elected in this year on a post of the president of the Asian bank of development Haruhiko Kuroda. Addressing to participants of a forum, head АБР has noticed that ЦАРЭС represents a powerful platform for the ordered forming of financial resources and that through Program ЦАРЭС multilateral institutes can invest essential resources in this region.
As examples of successful cooperation of H.Kuroda has allocated projects in which realization certain intermediate results are already reached. So, as he said, work on development of trading both customs infrastructures and connected with these agreements successfully moves ahead. The basic roadwork is carried out. In particular, the project on a southern transport corridor which is begun more recently, finally will connect the south of Russia and the Western China through the Central Asia and Afghanistan to ports of Arabian sea. In immediate prospects in plans ЦАРЭС — elimination of barriers in inter-regional trade, harmonization of customs positions and WTO membership that is in aggregate capable to prepare conditions for an open regionalism and to give to the Central Asia strong competitive position in global economy.
Joint statement signing that means a recognition of considerable progress in became result of work of ministerial conference Each of priority areas on which works ЦАРЭС. In particular, at conference Road map acceptance on transport sector (2005-2010) which introduction assumes development integrated and effective мульти modal transport system for region TSA is confirmed. Thereupon the basic infrastructural investment projects of last year, including a highway of Almaty — Bishkek have been noted some.
In trade sphere bilateral agreements about transit and cooperation between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, Azerbaijan and China, Uzbekistan and China aren't. Also at a meeting in Bishkek approbation of a joint post of customs control on border between Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan — point of Kordaj-Akzhol, — received positive estimations of experts isn't the pilot.
In sphere of trade ministers of the countries of Program ЦАРЭС confirm the concrete working plan for the next year by which continuation of advancement of initiatives of bilateral cooperation, training and regional forums on an exchange of knowledge and program deepening in partnership with a private sector and other interested parties is provided.
In significant for region to sphere of power participants of a forum haven't end of the first phase of the project on ЛЭП «the North — the South» in Kazakhstan and progress in discussion of questions of financing of its second phase.
Also have been noted end financed by Tajikistan LEP Batken (Kyrgyzstan) — Kanibodom (Tajikistan) and preparation for rehabilitation of a gas pipeline Uzbekistan — Dushanbe. On termination of conference it became known that in plans of financial institutions on rendering of support ЦАРЭС for 2005-2007 — allocation of 1,2 billion dollars on projects in transport both power sectors and trade.
Signing by representatives of seven countries of the memorandum of mutual understanding on creation became one of significant events of the Bishkek meeting Forum of electro power regulating bodies in region of the Central Asia (ФЭРОЦ). Its creation is directed on rendering assistance to the countries-participants in carrying out of reforms in electro power branch, assistance to closer cooperation in satisfaction of demand for the electric power and stimulation of its export [29].
Carrying out of the fourth ministerial meeting was preceded by a representative meeting of leaders of business community from the Central and Southern Asia which have agreed about creation Regional «a round table» business - structures (РКСБ) with a view of expansion of participation of a private sector in economic cooperation in region. In РКСБ besides the countries of the Central Asia representatives of Afghanistan, India, Pakistan and the Russian Federation will participate.
Participants РКСБ taking into account urgent requirements of business sector believe initially to concentrate the efforts to three areas which also form key spheres of various programs of regional cooperation in the Central and Southern Asia, namely: simplification of trade and a commercial policy, power and transport.
To the government, all corresponding bodies and institutes, including, state holding, it is entrusted to create favorable conditions for transformation of Kazakhstan in regional "the center on maintenance with the goods and services", but the main thing to take concrete measures for maintenance of participation of the Kazakhstan companies in large inter-regional financial and economic projects.
During the conducted research it is possible to draw conclusions and to give an appreciation to transformations spent in Republic in political, social and economic spheres having noted presence of considerable potential for the further development of mutually advantageous financial and economic international cooperation.

THE CONCLUSION

Thus, doing conclusions, it is necessary to notice that Kazakhstan cooperates with many International financial institutions of economic and universal character. Mutual relations of group of the World bank and the International currency fund with the international governmental and non-governmental organizations are adjusted. But at the same time, it is necessary to notice that there are some financially-legal problems of cooperation of Kazakhstan and
- The international bank of reconstruction and development.
- Organizational-legal questions of cooperation with the European union,
- The organization of Economic cooperation and development,
- A forum of Pacific economic cooperation.
- Participation of the World Bank in realization of economic-legal reform in Kazakhstan.
Economic-legal questions of cooperation of IMF and Kazakhstan are studied and improved.
Cooperation of Kazakhstan with the international control mechanisms in the field of currency-financial relations.
If to speak about ШОС it is claimed РК the form of system of regional safety. The given association includes simultaneously such regional centers of force, as Russia and China. Within the limits of ШОС Kazakhstan connects itself with these states uniform system of arrangements and obligations on stability preservation in region and indestructibility of borders of the sovereign states-participants of the organization. Therefore maintenance of long functioning of institute SHOS in that form which suits Kazakhstan is necessary.
In the theory and stories of the international relations, and also in a politological science there are many constructive workings out on To institute of the intergovernmental organization, including on revealing in it of system lacks and under offers of improvement of efficiency of functioning of its mechanisms. The analysis of teorik-methodological basis ШОС as institute of the intergovernmental and economic organization, and also studying of a historiography of the given institute are absolutely necessary for a high-grade estimation of capacity and prospects ШОС, and also for working out of innovative offers on perfection of its mechanisms.
Interest of the foreign governments to participation in interstate formation is not only a fundamental principle, but also an indispensable condition throughout functioning of the given association. Last condition simultaneously becomes the maintenance throughout all process of cooperation, with what as a result constant dynamics of perfection and modernization, expansion of borders of cooperation in the organization is connected.
The modern system of the international relations is to a certain extent characterizing by unilateral pressure upon other participants of the given process from the USA. The American influence on members of the world community to some extent penetrates almost all spheres of ability to live of all states, including member countries SHOS. Therefore during perfection of work separately should be considered external influence from the USA on all process of cooperation within the limits of ШОС.
Specificity of formation and existence of the regional financial and economic organizations is that that, despite every possible efforts of the parties on maintenance of a principle of equality in the intergovernmental organizations, nevertheless, for the objective reasons, the leading violin in ШОС belongs at the present stage to China, including in relation to Russia, "de facto" the Peoples Republic of China takes of a position above. In the given context, existing regulations of separate most functional agreements In ШОС till 2020, initiated by the Chinese party, should cause alarms in the next member countries of the organization concerning duration of functioning ШОС.
First, the organization and support of the rational device first of all are necessary for strengthening of functionality of the intergovernmental economic organizations on coordination and harmonization of interests of the parties. In case of ШОС construction of the harmonious mechanism on tracking execution of interstate arrangements over actual. It is necessary to fix documentary borders of functional powers on control of operating bodies SHOS - Council of national coordinators, Secretary. Along with strengthening of the listed bodies expediently creation of new regular division for working out of profitable projects of cooperation, and also on harmonization of interests in such spheres, as use of the trans boundary rivers, power and others.
Secondly, it is proved that the versatile organizations of cooperation possess smaller durability in comparison with specialized intergovernmental institutes of maintenance service of the foreign governments. Therefore for strengthening of a basis of the versatile organizations, it was marked in theories, expediently serial building of directions of cooperation with transition from one cycle to the following, only after strengthening of mechanisms of the first. Regarding interaction formation in ШОС in safety sphere as the first step on a way of construction of versatile cooperation, it is necessary to develop the stage-by-stage mechanism of realization of priority projects in various spheres.

THE LIST OF THE USED SOURCES

Standard legal certificates

1. The constitution of Republic Kazakhstan from August, 30th, 1998
2. The decree of the President of Republic Kazakhstan «About Strategy of industrially-innovative development РК for 2003-2015» from May, 17th, 2003 № 1096.
3. The Republic Kazakhstan governmental order «About the statement of the Plan of measures for 2006-2008 on realization of strategy of industrially-innovative development of Republic Kazakhstan for 2003-2015» from June, 30th, 2006 № 609

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APPENDICES

THE APPENDIX 1

Dynamics of loans РК at IBRD in 1997-2007
On investment and budget deputizing to loans (in mln. dollars of the USA)

1997 -2007