Krasnoyarsk Railway

Russia

The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. It occupies about 1/6^th of the Earth surface. Our land is washed by 12 seas, most of which are the seas of three oceans^ the Arctic, the Atlantic and the Pacific.

Out country has numerous forests, plains, steps, taiga and tundra, highlands and deserts. The highest mountains are the Altai, the Urals, the Caucasus, the biggest rivers are the Volga, the Ob, the Yenisei, the Lena and the Amur, the deepest lake is the Baikal.

The climatic conditions are rather different, from article and medium to continental and sub continental and subtropical.

Our country is the richest in mineral resources, such oil, natural gas, coal, iron, zinc, nickel, gold and other ferrous and non -ferrous metals.

The Russian Federation is a multinational state. The population of our country is about 140 million people. Moscow is the capital of our motherland.

The national symbols of our country are the white, blue and red banner and the double – headed eagle.

The Russian Federation is a constitutional Republic headed by the President. The federal government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. The legislative power is presented by two chambers: the Council of the Federation and the State Duma. Each chamber is headed by the Speaker. The executive power belongs to the Government (the Cabinet of Ministers) headed by the Prime Minister. The judicial power belongs to the system of Courts, comprising the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and Federal Courts. Our country has a multiparty system. The foreign policy of the Russian Federation is based on the principle of international cooperation, peace and friendship with all nations on the Earth irrespective of their political and social systems.

Moscow

Moscow, the capital of Russia, is one of the oldest, and the most beautiful Russian cities. It is also one of the biggest cities in the world. More than 9 million people live there in Moscow. Moscow is the scientific, cultural, political, administrative, scientific, economic and transport centre of our country. It is the symbol of Russia. It was founded by Prince Yuri Dolgorukiy in 1147. The city is situated on both banks of the Moskva River. Moscow became the most powerful Russian city in the late 1400s. The princes of Moscow played the leading role in uniting various Russian lands and in conquering non – Russian peoples and territories. Moscow was the capital of Russia and thehome of the Russian tzars till 1712 when Peter the Great made Saint Petersburg the capital of the Russian Empire. Moscow again became the Russian capital in 1918, after the Bolsheviks (later called Communists) took control of the country. In 1922, Russia and three other republics united to form the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Moscow was chosen as the Soviet capital. The Communists lost power in the Soviet Union in August 1991. In December, the Soviet Union was dissolved. Russia and other former Soviet republics became independent countries. Most of the republics, including Russia, formed the Commonwealth of Independent States. Moscow remained the capital of Russia. The city of Minsk, in Belarus, was named headquarters of the Commonwealth.

Moscow is built in the shape of a wheel. This shape can be traced to the city's early history, when rings of fortifications were built to protect it from attack. Today, wide boulevards extend from the city's centre, forming the spokes of the wheel. They cross circular ^boulevards, which make up the inner and outer rims of the wheel.

A major highway circles Moscow. Past the highway lies the Green Belt, a ring of forests and parks covering about 1,800 square kilometres.

The oldest and busiest sections of Moscow lie near the Kremlin, a huge walled fortress at the city's historic centre. Just north and east of the Kremlin is the main business, commercial, and administrative district. Encircling this area and the Kremlin are Moscow's main shopping streets and many cultural buildings. Most of the city's new residential and industrial districts lie in the outermost rings.

The heart of Moscow is the Kremlin on the Red Square. the Kremlin is a walled fortress housing all the government buildings. The main tower of the Kremlin is the Spasskaya Tower. The famous clock called Kuranty strikes on it. Nearby St. Basil's Cathedral was built in the 16th century to celebrate a military victory; it is now a museum. Moscow is one of the most popular tourist destinations. The Red square, the Kremlin,the Kremlin Armoury, numerous museums, monuments, theatres, parks and entertainment centres make Moscow one of the most attractive cities for tourists from all over the world.

My Working Day

My name is Alisa Seleznyova. I am a student of Krasnoyarsk Railway Institute school. I study at the technical school six days a week and I rest on Sunday. Usually I have 3 or 4 classes every day, but sometimes I have even 5 classes a day. Let me tell you about my working day.

I live in a hostel not far from the studying building. I usually wake up at 7 o’ clock. I get up at 7.15 because I like to lie in bed for a little when my alarm clock wakes me up. I usually don’t do morning exercises. It’s very bad, I think. My roommate usually does morning exercises. I go to the bathroom, wash my face and hands, clean my teeth and brush my hair. It takes me about 20 minutes to do it. Then I boil water in the kettle and make tea or coffee. I usually have breakfast at 7.40. I usually have a sandwich for breakfast. I don’t cook breakfast in the morning because I don’t have time for it. And I don’t usually wash dishes after breakfast. Then I dress up and pack my bag. I leave the hostel at 7.50 and walk to the studying building or to the laboratory building where we have classes. Our first class begins at 8 o’clock and I try not to be late. At the classes we write down lectures, speak, discuss problems and answer questions at the seminars and practical classes, check our homework, do some laboratory work, teachers give us tasks and we do them. We study psychology, sociology, informatics, management and other subjects. Every class lasts 1 hour and a half. After classes I feel tired. We have a 1 hour lunch break at 1 ‘o’clock. I don’t go to the café or to the canteen at lunch time because there are big queues in the café and in the canteen. I usually go to the hostel at lunchtime where we have tea and eat cookies or sandwiches. After lunch we have one or two more classes. Our classes finish at 15.30 or at 17.15 p.m. I feel really tired after classes. After classes I go to the hostel. I don’t go to the hostel by bus but many of my groupmates don’t live in the hostel and they go home by bus. I come to the hostel at 4 or 6 p.m. I rest or sleep a little. Then I go out to walk because I really like to go out with friends. My roommate likes to play volleyball and after classes she usually goes to the work out to the gym. I like jogging and I often go jogging in the evening. I come to the hostel at 9 p.m. And then I cook dinner and eat dinner and then I do my homework. It usually takes me 2 or 4 hours to do my homework. I very often search the net to find some material I need. I don’t like homework. After I do my homework I watch TV a little or talk with my friends or sometimes we play cards or computer games or I read a book or a magazine. I feel really tired every evening. I go to bed at 11 p.m. I go to sleep at 12 p.m. or at 1 a.m. And then my working day starts again.

My family

I am Nikita Kuznetsov. I am 20 years old. I want to tell you a few words about my family. My family is large. I have got a mother, a father, a sister, a brother, and a grandmother. There are six of us in the family.

I think I take after my father, I m tall, fair-haired, and even-tempered.

We have got a lot of relatives. We are attached to one another and we get on very well.

First of all, some words about my parents. My mother is a teacher of History. She works in a college. She likes her profession. She is a good-looking woman with brown hair. She is forty-five but she looks much younger. She is tall and slim.

My father is a computer programmer. He is a broad-shouldered, tall man with fair hair and grey eyes. He is forty-seven. My father likes to sing and when we are at home and have some free time, I play the guitar and we sing together. My father knows all about new TV sets and likes to repair old ones. He is also handy with many things.

My parents are hard-working people. My mother keeps the house and takes care of all of us. She is very good at cooking and she is clever with her hands. She is very practical. My father and I try to help her with the housework. I wash the dishes, go shopping and tidy up our flat.

My grandmother is retired. She lives with us and helps to run the house. She is fond of knitting.

My sister Helen is twenty-four. She is married and has a family of her own. She works as an accountant for a joint stock company. Her husband is a scientist. They have got twins: a daughter and a son. They go to a nursery school.

My brother Sergey is eleven. He is a schoolboy. He wants to become a doctor but he is not sure yet.

I am a student of Krasnoyarsk Railway Institute. I study management, psychology, conflictology, pedagogics and other subjects. My future speciality is Human Resource management.. I have a lot of friends They are very good and we like to spend our time together. We do everything what is interesting for young people — talk, dance, listen to music.

I'm happy to have nice friends and a good family.

My free time.

Usually I am very busy during the week and I have very little time to rest. Nevertheless I try to do all my homework on Saturday and to rest on Sunday. On Sunday I wake up rather late, at 10 or 11 o’clock as I get very tired during the week. After I wake up I like to lie in bed and read some magazine or watch TV. Then I get up, have a shower or take a bath. I really like to take a bath and relax on Sunday. Sunday is usually the day when I clean my apartment and help my mother with her housework. My family is very friendly, that’s why in the afternoon we often go out of twon for barbecue or to our dacha. My father, my brother and I like to play football or volleyball in the country. Sometimes my mother and I go shopping on weekends. I advise her what clothes or shoes to buy and she sometimes gives me advice too. In the evening I also like go jogging, but I don’t do it very often because I also like to chat with my friends, to surf the net or to go out. Sunday is also the day for me to go to the hairdresser or to the dentist. Now it’s summer and I also enjoy go skateboarding or rollerblading or cycling. That’s fantastic. I also have a dog and I walk with her very long on Sunday.

I don’t collect stamps or something else but I like cooking and my mother and I collect recipes and often try them.

I also dance and I always have a work out (a dancing class) on Sunday evening.

So you see I have a very busy and interesting life.

Krasnoyarsk Railway

The Krasnoyarsk Railway runs across the Southern Krasnoyarsk Territory and connects Western Siberia and Kuzbass with the Far East. In early 20^th century Transsib consisted of eight railways including the Middle – Siberian Way, the Krasnoyarsk Railway mainline, and the Mariinsk - Taishet. In1893 construction of a route from the Ob River to Irkutsk was approved. Three years later plans were introduced to build the Щи – Krasnoyarsk stretch and soon the Krasnoyarsk –Irkutsk line. The project was to be completed in 1900. But soon railway construction faced some difficulties. Permafrost, bitter cold, lack of reliable data about numerous rivers – all this slowed down building. The Middle Siberian way crossed sparsely populated areas. As a result, there was a constant lack of labor force. Qualified workmen (carpenters, masons, joiners, blacksmiths and surface men) came from central Russia. Building material s were also brought from far away this region’s industry was extremely underdeveloped. In December 1895 operation of the railway between Ob station and Krasnoyarsk began. The 28^th of March in 1899 marked the launch of a railway bridge over the Yenisey river, this would become one of the largest bridges in Asia. In 1900 the Krasnoyarsk bridge won the Grand Prix of the first international Technical Exhibition in Paris. In 1897 the Ob – Krasnoyarsk line was put into service, In 1899 the Krasnoyarsk – Irkutsk line was put into service. Some of the bridges had not been completed on schedule, so during the first years of railway operation many rivers had to be crossed by ferry and in the winter months rails were laid across the ice. Finally in December 1899 the Western – Siberian and Middle – Siberian routes were combined into the Siberian Railway. On the 1^st of January in 1915 the Siberian Railway was split into Omsk, Tomsk, Trans – Baikal, Amur and Ussuriysk railways. At that time main stretches of the contemporary Krasnoyarsk Railway were part of Tomsk Railway. In 1979 the Krasnoyarsk Railway became an independent transport unit governed by the Krasnoyarsk Authorities.

Nowadays the Krasnoyarsk railway includes main lines such as Achinsk – Lesosibirsk, Krasnaya Sopka – Kiya – Shaltyr, Reshoty – Karabula. The Krasnoyarsk railway plays a very important part in the economic development of our region. It transports tremendous quantities of coal, ore, metal, oil, timber and passengers. It also maintains a container service.

The Krasnoyarsk railway is implementing a complex programme to increase the speed of its trains, improve passenger and freight service and guarantee safety. At present most of the line is electrified. All freight and passenger trains are operated by powerful diesel and electric locomotives.

My institute

I’d like to tell you about the institute I study at. It’s full name is Krasnoyarsk Institute of Railway Transport, Krasnoyarsk Brunch of Irkutsk State Railway Transport University. My institute is not very old, it was founded in 1955.

It’s first Rector’s name was Alexey Dvoretsky.

The Krasnoyarsk Railway Institute is one of the centres of training qualified specialists with higher education for Krasnoyarsk Railway. Engineers, managers and economists are trained on 11 specialities:

- Railway construction

- Electric power supply

- Wagons and coaches

- Automation and telecommunication facilities

- Economics

- Accounting and audit

- Safety of technological processes

- Electric transport

- Information systems

- Human resource management

My institute is large and we have several buildings. I am a second year student. My speciality is Human resource management.

My future speciality is great but difficult to study. My institute gives a solid background in all spheres of knowledge and prepares for practical work.

We study various subjects – humanities, technical subjects, economic subjects, sciences.

The academic year is divided into two terms. The students take credit tests and exams at the end of each term.

The course of studies at my institute lasts for 5 years. In the fifth course our students are to submit their diploma theses.

Поиск по сайту: