TELIVISION IN GREAT BRITAIN

By the end of the 1990s there were five channels on British TV: BBC1 and BBC2 plus three independent channels: ITV, Channel 4 and Channel 5. Independent channels get their income from advertisements. The BBC's revenue comes from licence fees, payable by everybody who has a television, plus some additional funds from Parliament. Both the BBC and ITV sell programmes overseas.

The first television broadcasts began in 1936. Commercial television consists of fifteen ITV programme providing programmes in fourteen different regions. An increasing number of programmes are now made by independent production companies.

Channels are generally expected to provide programmes which do not overlap with other channel's productions and there is a Broadcasting Standards Council which is designed to make sure that unsuitable programmes are not shown.

During the 1980s and 1990s cable and satellite TV both played an increasing role in the media in Britain.

In the future, digital technology and market forces offer new possibilities and the likelihood of further deregulation and commercialisation of TV

In the way people in Britain have spent leisure time in recent years has been the increase in the amount of time spent watching television.

Television viewing is less popular in summer than in winter and more popular with old people than with any other age group. Viewing also varies according to social class, with professional and managerial classes. On average, women watch more than men.

However, not everyone agrees that more TV means better TV and it has been argued that the standard of programmes may drop in the future with companies concentrating on making programmes with a mass appeal.

THE IMPORTANCE OF MASS MEDIA
IN THE MODERN SOCIETY

There are many different ways to get knowledge about our big world. They are travelling and going sightseeing, visiting theatres and concerts, meeting interesting people and etc. But one of the easiest ways of getting new information is mass media.

Mass media is any midium used to transmit mass communication. There are the eight mass media industries: Books, Newspapers, Magazines, and Recording, Radio, Moveis, Television and The Internet.

A mass-mediated culture is a culture in which the mass media play a key role in both shaping and creating cultural perceptions. The mass media do not simply mirror society. They help to create the very world they purpout to cover. The mass media have done and continue doing much to excite an interest in every aspect of the country’s life.

The mass media now play an important role in shaping our opinions. Mass media emerged and led to the creation of a mass audience, a large collection of people who recieve messages that are directed at them not as individuals but rather as a group.

I think it is impossible to imagine our life without newspapers. Millions of copies of them appear every day. Many people subscribe to two or more newspapers; others buy newspapers at the newstands.

There is a lot of advertising on mass media. Some of the TV and radio stations and newspapers are owned by different corporations. The owners can advertise whatever they choose.

Mass media brings to millions of homes not only entertainment and news but also cultural and educational programmes.

There are more than ten TV channels and lots of radio stations and newspapers now in the Russian Federation.

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