Main types of tourism in Russia

Russia’s territory stretches for 10 000 km from east to west and almost for 3 000 km from northern latitudes to subtropical areas in the south. A variety of landscapes provides opportunities to develop many types of tourism. Russia has sea resorts at the Black Sea in the south and the Baltic Sea in the north-west which makes it suitable for beach rest, medical treatment and rehabilitation. Ultima Thule gives visitors a chance to observe polar lights or take an ethnic tour to northern peoples, or take part in deer safari on tundra lands.

The presence of mountains provides opportunities for mountaineering (rock climbing, caving, hiking, rafting along rapid mountain rivers and skiing, mountain biking and delta plane sports) as well as rehabilitation at mineral water resorts.

Full-flowing and wide rivers like the Volga, the Yenisei or the Lena give excellent possibilities for cruises, fishing and various types of rafting. Other cruising destinations include north-western waters of Russia. As a rule, numerous lakes are picturesque and clean. Lake waters are clean not just by appearance: in Karelia and in the Baikal it is drinkable.

The forests of the Central Russia, foothills of the Caucasus, Siberian taiga and the Far East are full of animals and birds attracting hunting tour lovers. In Russia, there are enough of places with wild virgin nature which creates ideal conditions for environmental routes development. As compared to many European countries, a tourist who travels over Russia may meet no people for quite a long time. In Siberia, you may drive along a highway laid across forests for several hours and meet no cars! Yet, it is rather possible to encounter a brown bear in adjacent woods. In Astrakhan Region, on your way to the fishing camp in the delta of the Volga River, a forester will show you a flamingo, pelicans and other rare bird species. Horse riding around the Altai Krai resembling fairytale worlds will leave no nature lover indifferent.

Russia’s rich history bears the traces of Vikings, ancient Slavs, Mongols and Tatars, Scythians, Swedish, Greeks, Genoese and other peoples. Our ancestors inherited certain features of their appearances, faiths, cultures, languages and traditions. This factor stimulates internal tourism development and makes Russia’s peoples interesting for each other. Grand princes, monarchs and emperors adjoined and lost lands and peoples; travelers went deep into the virgin lands of the North, Siberia and the Far East and discovered new spacious valleys, rivers, seas and oceans. Democratic and authoritarian rulers replacing one another, built palaces and mansions, established museums, destroyed Christian churches and Buddhist temples; left us their mausoleums and grand multi-storey buildings, powerful power plants and at the same time, camps for the repressed, corn fields, entered space, created unique armaments and restored temples. All these events made Russia the country any visitor may now explore and experience at an excursion tour.

In addition to natural and historic and cultural attractions, there certain social factors having a positive influence over tourism development, that is a high purchasing power of foreign currencies and freedom of travelling over the major part of the country’s territory including areas prospective from the tourist point of view such as the Far East, Sakhalin, the Kurile islands, the Urals, the North of Russia as well as Nizhny Novgorod and Samara which were formerly closed for foreigners.

Domestic and external tourism in Russia is characterized by a variety of types. Among the ones developing the most rapidly, one can name environmental, sportive, extreme, mountaineering, cognitive, recreational, cruise, fishing and hunting, event-oriented and gastronomic types of travelling. Individual and young people’s tourism is also becoming more and more popular.

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