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| Germany - Germans may appear reserved and unfriendly until you get to know them better. - The “thumbs up” gesture means “one” (as in “one beer”) or may be a sign оf appreciation or agreement. - Making your hands into fists, thumbs tucked inside, and pounding lightly on a surface expresses “good luck”. - Germans never use the “OK” gesture (index finger and thumb joined together to make a circle) – it is considered very rude. - Germans never point the index finger to their head – this is an insult. | Italy - Men who are friends may embrace. - Persons of the same sex may walk arm-in-arm when in public. - Acquaintances may kiss cheeks. - Maintain eye contact while talking – otherwise Italians might think you are hiding something. - People push and shove in crowded places. It is not considered rude. - Italians are known for using the most body language of all Europeans, but its use is declining. - The fingertip kiss means beautiful; use to show appreciation for food, art, a woman, etc. - The “hand purse” (finger tips held together) means a question, something good, fear, etc. It is considered almost the Italian national gesture. Do not ever mimic these gestures! - The more refined Italians do not use hand gestures and many even consider them rude. |
Список использованной литературы
1. Jon Naunton ProFile (intermediate). Student’s Book. [Text]/ Jon Naunton: Oxford University Press, 2009.
2. Mary Murray Bosrock Put your best foot forward – Europe. A fearless guide to international communication and behavior. [Text]/ Mary Murray: International Education Systems, 1994.
3. Peter Viney: Basic Survival. International communication for professional people. [Text]/ Peter Viney: Macmillan Publishers Limited, 2004.
4. Stuart Redman: English vocabulary in use (pre-intermediate and intermediate). [Text]/ Jon Naunton: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
5. Eating Habits in Britain [URL]/ http://skachat-anglijsky.ru/shopping/eating-habits-britain.shtml
6. Дроздова Т.Ю. Берестова А.И. и др. Everyday English. [Text]/ Дроздова Т.Ю. Берестова А.И. и др. Anthology Publishers, Спб, 2007.
УЧЕБНОЕ ПОСОБИЕ
для 1-го курса магистратуры
Издано в авторской редакции
Макет Фролова О. В.
Издательство Алтайского государственного технического
Университета им. И.И. Ползунова,
656038, г. Барнаул, пр-т Ленина, 46
Лицензия на издательскую деятельность
ЛР№020822 от 21.09.98 г.
Отпечатано в типографии АлтГТУ
Лицензия на типографическую деятельность
ПЛД № 28-35 от 15.07.97 г.
CONTENTS
PREFACE 4
KEY TO PHONEMIC AND OTHER SYMBOLS 5
ACADEMIC THEMATIC SYLLABUS 6
NOTES ON ENGLISH PHONETICS 7
THE ORGANS OF SPEECH 7
ARTICULATION BASIS OF ENGLISH 8
THE ENGLISH VOWEL SYSTEM 8
THE ENGLISH CONSONAT SYSTEM 11
VOWEL REDUCTION 12
ASSIMILATION 14
WORD STRESS 16
ENGLISH INTONATION. ITS COMPONENTS 17
THE SEGMENTS OF THE INTONATION GROUP 18 THE SYSTEM OF SCALES 19
TERMINAL TONES 24
SENTENCE STRESS 27
LOGICAL STRESS 30
SOME RULES OF SYNTAGMATIC DIVISION 30
GRAPHICAL RULES 33
TONGUE TWISTERS 41
PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENTS 45
WORD STRESS 45
LINKING OF WORDS IN CONNECTED SPEECH 46
ASSIMILATION 47
RHYTHM AND RHYTHMIC GROUPS 53
SCALES AND TERMINAL TONES 54
WORD PHONETIC ANALYSIS MODEL 58
SENTENCE PHONETIC ANALYSIS MODEL 58
PREPARATORY TESTS 59
PEDAGOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF PRONUNCIATION ERRORS 63
PHONETIC AND GRAMMAR TERMS 65
RECOMMENDED LITERATURE 70
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