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PHONETIC AND GRAMMAR TERMS
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| Accent | /"{ks@nt/ | Nasalization | /%neIz@laI"zeIS@n/ |
| Accentuation | /@k%sentju"eISn/ | Nasal plosion | /"neIz@l %pl@UZ@n/ |
| Accidental Rise | /%{ksI"dent@l "raIz/ | Neutral | /"nju:tr@l/ |
| Adjective | /"{dZ@ktIv/ | Nuclear tone | /"nju:kli@ %t@Un/ |
| Adverb | /"{dv3:b/ | Noise consonants | /"nOIz "kQns@n@nt/ |
| Adverbial modifier group | /@d"v3:bI@l "mQdIfaI@ %gru:p/ | Nucleus | /"nju:kli@s/ |
| Affricate | /"{frik@t/ | Notional verb | /%n@US@n@l "v3:b/ |
| Allophone | /"{l@f@Un/ | Noun | /naUn/ |
| Alveoli /"{lvi@laI, {l"vi:@laI, -i:/ | Alveolar /%{lvi"@ul@/ | Numeral (cardinal, ordinal) | /"nju:m@r@l /"kA:dIn@l/ /"O:dIn@l/ |
| Alveolar ridge | /%{lvi"@ul@ rIdZ/ | Occlusive | /@"klu:sIv/ |
| Apostrophe | /@"pQstr@fi/ | Organs of speech | /"O:g@nz @v "spi:tS/ |
| Apposition | /%{p@"zIS@n/ | Palatalization | /%p{l@t@laI"zeIS@n/ |
| Article (definite, indefinite) | /"A:tIkl/ /"def@n@t/ /In"def@n@t/ | Palatalized | /"p{l@t@laIzd/ |
| Articulation | /A:%tIkju"leISn/ | Palate | /"p{l@t/ |
| Articulatory phonetics | /A:"tIkjul@t@ri f@"netIks/ | Palato-alveolar | /%p{l@t@U{lvi"@Ul@/ |
| Aspiration | /%{spi"reIS@n/ | Partial devoicing | /"pA:S@l %di:"vOIsIN/ |
| Assimilation (regressive, progressive, reciprocal; partial, intermediate and complete) | /@%sIm@"leIS@n/ /rI"gresIv/ /pr@U"gresIv/ /rI"sIpr@k@l/ /"pa:S@l/ /%Int@"mi:dI@t/ /k@m"pli:t/ | Pattern | /"p{t@n/ |
| Author’s words | /"O:T@z "w3:dz/ | Pharyngeal / Pharyngal | /%f{rIn"dZi:@l/ /f@"rINg(@)l/ |
| Auxiliary verbs | /O:g%zIli@ri "v3:bz/ | Pharynx | /"f{rINks/ |
| Backlingual | /%b{k"lINgw@l/ | Phoneme | /"f@Uni:m/ |
| Bilabial | /%baI"leIbi@l/ | Phoneme sequence | /"f@Uni:m "si:kw@ns/ |
| Boundary | /"baUnd@ri/ | Phonemic symbol | /f@U"ni:mIk "sImb@l/ |
| Brackets | /"br{k@ts/ | Phonemic system | /f@U"ni:mIk "sIst@m/ |
| Colon | /"k@Ul@n/ | Phonetic alphabet | /f@"netIk "{lf@bet/ |
| Comma | /"kQm@/ | Paragraph | /"p{r@grA:f/ |
| Complex tones | /"kQmpleks "t@unz/ | Parenthesis | /p@"renT@sIs/ |
| Compound words | /"kQmpaUnd "w3:dz/ | Partial stress | /"pA:S@l "stres/ |
| Conjunction | /k@n"dZVNkS@n/ | Pausation | /pO:"zeIS@n/ |
| Consonant | /"kQns@n@nt/ | Pause | /pO:z/ |
| Consonant cluster | /"kQns@n@nt "klVst@/ | Phonetic paragraph | /f@"netIk "p{r@grA:f/ |
| Constrictive | /k@n"strIktIv/ | Phonetics | /f@"netIks/ |
| Contour | /"kQntU@/ | Plosion | /"pl@UZ@n/ |
| Curve (downward, upward) | /k3:v/ /"daUnw@d/ /"Vpw@d/ | Plosive | /"pl@UsIv/ |
| Dash | /d{S/ | Plural | /"plU@r@l/ |
| Dental | /"dent@l/ | Polysyllabic | /%pQlisI"l{bIk/ |
| Devoiced | /%di:"vOIst/ | Post-alveolar | /%p@Ust{l"vi:@l@/ |
| Diphthong | /"dIfTQN/ | Predicate group | /"predIk@t %gru:p/ |
| Direct address | /dI"rekt @"dres/ | Prefix | /"pri:fIks/ |
| Disyllabic | /%daIsI"l{bIk/ | Pre-head | /"pri:hed/ |
| Dot | /dQt/ | Prenuclear | /pri:"nju:kI@/ |
| Emphasis | /"emf@sIs/ | Preposition | /%prep@"zIS@n/ |
| Ending | /"endIN/ | Prominence | /"prQmIn@ns/ |
| Enumeration | /I%nju:m@"reIS@n/ | Pronoun | /"pr@Unaun/ |
| Exclamation mark | /%ekskl@"meIS@n %mA:k/ | Question mark | /"kwestS@n mA:k/ |
| Facial expression | /"feIS@l Ik"spreS@n/ | Range | /reIndZ/ |
| Final position | /"faIn@l p@"zIS@n/ | Realisation | /%rI@laI"zeIS@n/ |
| Flat rounding | /"fl{t %raUndIN/ | Reduction | /ri"dVkS@n/ |
| Forelingual | /%fO:"lINgw@l/ | Reduced vowel | /ri%dju:st "vaU@l/ |
| Fricative | /"frIk@tIv/ | Rhythm | /"rID(@)m/ |
| Fricative plosion (incomplete plosion) | /"frIk@tIv %pl@UZ@n/ /%Ink@m"pli:t %pl@UZ@n)/ | Rhythmic group | /"rIDmIk %gru:p/ |
| Full stop | /%fUl "stQp/ | RP (Received Pronunciation) | /%A: "pi:/ /ri"si:vd pr@%nVnsi"eIS@n/ |
| Full stress | /"fUl "stres/ | Rhythmic structure | /"rIDmIk %strVktS@/ |
| Function | /"fVNkS@n/ | Root of the word | /"ru:t @v D@ %w3:d/ |
| Gestures | /"dZestS@/ | Scale (Regular/Broken; Descending/ Ascending Stepping, Sliding, Scandent, Level) | /skeIl/ /"regjUl@/"br@Ukn/ /dI"sendIN/ /@"sendIN/ /"stepIN/ /"slaIdIN//"sk{nd@nt/ /"levl/ |
| Glide | /glaId/ | Semicolon | /%semi"k@Ul@n/ |
| Handwriting (cursive, italic) | /"h{nd%raItIN/ /"k3:sIv/ /I"t{lIk/ | Sentence communicative type (statements, questions, imperative, exclamatory) | /"sent@ns k@"mju:nIk@tIv "taIp/ /"steItm@nts/ /"kwestS@nz/ /Im"per@tIv/ /Ik"skl{m@t@ri/ |
| Head | /hed/ | Singular | /"sINgjUl@/ |
| Hyphen | /"haIf@n/ | Slanting brackets | /"slA:ntIN %br{kIts/ |
| Implicatory | /Im"plIk@t@ri/ | Slanting line | /"slA:ntIN %laIn/ |
| Initial position | /I"nIS@l p@"zIS@n/ | Special Rise | /%speS@l "raIz/ |
| Interdental | /%Int@"dent@l/ | Stress (Word Stress, Utterance Stress) | /stres/ /"w3:d %stres/ /"Vt@r@ns %stres/ |
| Interval | /"Int@v@l/ | Schwa | /SwA:/ |
| Intonation | /%Int@"neIS@n/ | Segmental level | /seg"ment@l %levl/ |
| Intonation group | /%Int@"neIS@n %gru:p/ | Semivowel | /%semi"vaU@l/ |
| Intonation pattern | /%Int@"neIS@n "p{t@n/ | Simple tone | /"sImpl "t@Un/ |
| Inverted commas | /In"v3:tId "kQm@z/ | Sonorant | /"sQn@r@nt/ |
| Italics | /I"t{lIks/ | Speech sound | /"spi:tS %saUnd/ |
| Jaws | /dZO:z/ | Suprasegmental level | /%su:pr@seg"ment@l "levl/ |
| Junction | /"dZVNkS@n/ | Syllable | /"sIl@bl/ |
| Juncture | /"dZVNktS@/ | Stress-timed language | /"strestaImd "l{NgwIdZ/ |
| Kinetic tone | /kI"netIk/kaI"netIk %t@Un/ | Subject group | /"sVbdZ@kt %gru:p/ |
| Labialization | /%leIbi@laI"zeIS@n/ | Suffix | /"sVfIks/ |
| Labiodental | /%leIbi@U"dent@l/ | Tempo (rapid, (accelerated), moderate, slow (decelerated) | /"temp@U/ /"r{pId/ /@k"sel@reItId/ /"mQd@r@t/ /sl@U/ /%di:"sel@reItId/ |
| Larynx | /"l{rINks/ | Tonogram | /"t@Un@gr{m/ |
| Lateral | /"l{t@r@l/ | Tune (simple, compound) | /tju:n/ /sImpl/ /"kQmpaUnd/ |
| Lateral plosion | /"l{t@r@l "pl@UZ@n / | Target language | /"tA:gIt %l{NgwIdZ/ |
| Lax | /l{ks/ | Tail | /teIl/ |
| Linking | /"lINkIN/ | Terminal tone | /"t3:mIn@l %t@Un/ |
| Lip rounding | /"lIp %raUndIN/ | Tone | /t@Un/ |
| Long vowels | /%lQN "vaU@l/ | Uvula | /"ju:vjUl@/ |
| Loss of plosion | /"lQs @v %pl@UZ@n/ | Velar | /"vi:l@/ |
| Loudness | /"laUdn@s/ | Vocal cords | /"v@Uk@l kO:dz/ |
| Manner of noise production | /"m{n@r @v "nOIz pr@"dVkS@n/ | Voiced | /vOIst/ |
| Meaning | /"mi:nIN/ | Voiceless | /"vOIsl@s/ |
| Mimics | /"mImIks/ | Vowel | /"vaU@l/ |
| Modal verbs | /%m@Ud@l "v3:bz/ | Utterance | /"Vt@r@ns/ |
| Modification | /%mQdIfI"keIS@n/ | Word Order | /"w3:d %O:d@/ |
| Monophthong | /"mQn@fTQN/ | Word Stress (primary, secondary, strong, weak or unstressed) | /"w3:d %stress/ /"praIm@ri/ /"sek@ndri/ /strQN/ /"wi:k O:r Vn"strest/ |
| Monosyllabic | /%mQn@UsI"l{bIk/ | Weak forms | /"wi:k %fO:mz/ |
| Nasal | /"neIz@l/ |
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