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Contents
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Section 1
Unit 1. Human body ……………………………………………………………………..…..3
Unit 2. Water ………………………………………………………………………………….6
Unit 3. Fungi …………………………………………………………………………………..9
Unit 4. Bacteria ……………………………………………………………………………….12
Unit 5. Domesticated animals …………………………………………………………..…15
Recommended Report and Presentation Topics ………………………………………18
Section 2
Unit 6. Brain ………………………………………………………………………….…………19
Unit 7. Sleep …………………………………………………………………………………….22
Unit 8. Coffee …………………………………………………………………………………...25
Unit 9. Human Genetics and Diversity …………………………………………….……….28
Unit 10. Animal adaptations ………………………………………………………….………31
Recommended Report and Presentation Topics …………………………………………34
Section 3
Unit 11. Human Evolution ………………………………………………….……………….35
Unit 12. Alcohol ……………………………………………………………………………….39
Unit 13. Sex and Gender …………………………………………………………………….43
Unit 14. Aging ………………………………………………………………………...……….47
Unit 15. Food ……………………………………………………………………….………….51
Recommended Report and Presentation Topics ………………………………………..57
Section 1.
Unit 1. Human Body
Any lover of humanity who looks back on the achievements of medical science must feel his heart glow and his right ventricle expand with the percardiac stimulus of a permissible pride.
Stephen B. Leacock, Canadian economist and humorist
Exercise 1. What do you know about the human body?
1. How is our body prepared for the physical stresses and wear of human life? Speak about each system of organs.
2. What are the most surprising abilities of the human body?
3. What is the adaptive significance of four-chambered heart and greater and lesser circulation?
4. How does the human body adapt to changes?
5. What medical achievements have most significantly changed human life and health care?
Exercise 2. Match the terms which will be used in the text (1-6) with their definitions (A-F).
| 1. corpus callosum 2. cerebral hemispheres 3. stroke 4. cerebrospinal fluid 5. seizure[1] 6. congenital | A. A pair of structures, originating from the forebrain, that contain the centers concerned with the major senses, voluntary muscle activities, and higher brain functions, such as language and memory. B. Describes phenotypic character or condition recognizable at, and usually before, birth. The term usually refers to hereditary or inborn conditions that are most often harmful. C. A clear watery fluid containing glucose, salts, and a few white blood cells, that is found in the internal cavities and between the surrounding membranes of the central nervous system. It cushions and protects nerve tissues. D. A paroxysmal event due to abnormal, excessive, hypersynchronous discharges from an aggregate of CNS neurons. Epilepsy is diagnosed when there are recurrent numerous events due to a chronic, underlying process. E. A thick band of nerve fibers that connects the two cerebral hemispheres in the brain of placental mammals. It enables coordination of the functions of the two hemispheres. F.A rapidly developing loss of brain function(s) due to disturbance in the blood supply to the brain, caused by a blocked or burst blood vessel. |
Exercise 3. Now read the text about a unique brain operation.
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