Classroom management

There are many things in the classroom that are important to the dynamics of the lesson. They are usually described under the heading of "classroom management".

1. space

desks should be arranged in a way that encourages students to listen to each other; to see the board and the visual materials the teacher may be holding up. The teacher doesn't always sit, he moves around the room depending on the activity.

2. time

it's not necessary to plan too much in the lesson. It's necessary: to tell students how much time they have for a particular activity; warn the class 1-2 minutes before the activity is due to finish; at the end of the lesson to summarize what has the lesson been about; give "slower" students enough time to answer the question; build up a sense of rhythm in the lesson, varying relaxing and intensive activities.

3. using students' names

using names makes for better rapport with the students and involves them directly and rapidly.

4. eye contact

the teacher looks at the class while speaking; allowing his gaze to travel round the class without staring at any one student.

5. voice

the teacher varies the loudness and tone of the voice depending on the stage of the lesson.

6. teacher talk and student talk

the balance between teacher talking time(TTT) and student talking time(STT) depends on the type of the lesson and the activity.

7. eliciting

eliciting is when the teacher brings out student knowledge, suggestions and ideas. By eliciting the teacher can lessen TTT and increase STT.

8. giving instructions

for giving instructions the teacher uses simple and short expressions. He may use visual or written clues or demonstrate if necessary.

9. establishing rapport and maintaining discipline

the teacher is positive; he keeps an eye on what the students are doing. He responds and reacts to what students say; he encourages good group dynamics, so that learning can occur in an open non- threatening environment (as Krashen says the teacher lowers "the affective filter").

10. getting organized

before the teacher starts the lesson he runs through the lesson plan and makes sure he has all the necessary aids and equipment listed in the plan; checks that the board is clean; makes sure the seating is arranged the way he wants to.

11. learning styles

the teacher prepares lessons that address all learners:

Visual learners- they learn through seeing. They prefer looking at pictures time lines, using handouts,

writing assignments on the board.

Auditory learners- they learn better through listening. The best for them: repeating difficult words aloud,

taking part in debates, listening to books on tapes.

Kinesthetic or tactile learners - they learn through moving, touching, and doing. They can't sit still for a long time. They prefer having excursions, making projects.

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