Контрольная работа № 2. I. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого

I. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого.

1. The creation of the museum was connected with an increase in scientific and educational demands of society. 2. His wide-range scientific research covered such fields as archaeology, ethnology and history. 3. Several new branches of the museum have been opened in the 1980s. 4. From 1989 onwards, the museum organizes annual scientific conferences devoted to regional studies which attract all museum research workers. 5. The work of the museum has won recognition of a museum association.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения. Переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод инфинитива, герундия и причастия.

1. Today, the museum seeks to establish its own publishing center by purchasing a necessary equipment. 2. The staff of the museum carries out specialized programmes intended for different categories of population. 3. This indicates the popular misconception that culture consists in the activities of collecting, preserving and restoring cultural products. 4. Culture is equated with a variety of ready skills, a mastery of traditions, reflected in the coinage of a unique expression: “the cultured person”- which means, roughly: “well-read”, well-informed”, “polite”. 5. Culture is the form of communication among peoples of various cultures in the form of generating of these cultures.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод объектного и именительного падежей с инфинитивом.

1. Culture is supposed to include the social dimension. 2. One thinks religion and culture to be two indispensable parts of one whole, its ascending and descending aspirations, breath and exhalation. 3. Culturology is considered to be connected with democratic and pluralistic mentalities because it takes its starting point from the gap between different national and racial cultures. 4. The professor wants this student to attend lectures on the arts of antiquity, performances of avant-garde theater, exhibitions of medieval icons and of abstract paintings.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, учитывая различия в переводе зависимого и независимого причастных оборотов.

1. We observed Russia experiencing the multiplicity of cultures. 2. I must have the relationship between culturology and transculture explained. 3. Transculture being a process of interaction between cultures themselves, more and more individuals found themselves “outside” of any particular culture, “outside” of its national, political and other limitations. 4. The comparative study of cultures having been opened, the transcultural world was extensively described.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные функции слов it, that, one.

1. One believes that a new sort of relationship between these two global systems of human life and thought must be elaborated with the help of culturology. 2. Culture is the porous and sponge-like quality of a social body that enables it to breathe the air of all times. 3. No new type of totalitarianism can be productive except that of culture in its role as the free totality of all types of political activity. 4. One of the achievements of culturology is the very possibility of using the word “culture” in the plural. 5. Today, however, it is widely recognized that there are different youth cultures.

VI. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, помня о разных функциях глаголов to be, to have, to do.

1. Transcultural development is to bring humanity into the wholeness of culture and the interrelation of its main branches and meanings. 2. Liberation from culture through culture itself is the fundamental principle of transcultural thinking and existence. 3. Transculture is not reached by a purely psychological process. 4. Indeed, transcultural and multicultural tendencies have much in common. 5. The Euro-centrist approach, which didn’t seem progressive to American multiculturists, was highly attractive to Soviet transculturists, who had long been denied the right to be Europeans themselves. 6. The individualistic and pluralistic tendencies in America have to support a multiplicity of separate and distinct minority cultures. 7. For this New Museum exhibition – the artist’s first in the United States – Ana Prada has done four sculptures.

VII. Прочитайте текст и письменно переведите его на русский язык.

Transculture and Multiculturalism

The concept of transculture took shape in Russia over the past decade and should be clearly distinguished from multiculturalism, a specifically American phenomenon with which it, nonetheless, shares certain features. The multicultural approach entails a similar impulse to unite different cultures while recognizing their multiplicity. Indeed, transcultural and multicultural tendencies seem to have much in common; they reject ideological canons: totalitarian communism, in the case of the former Soviet Union, and Euro-centrism and white male dominance in the West. In the United States, the traditional emphasis that is placed on the rights and dignity of individuals naturally produces a variety of cultures proceeding from different nationalities, races, genders, ages, and so forth. 5. Since the individual is the ultimate minority, it is logical that the individualistic and pluralistic tendencies in America support a multiplicity of separate and distinct minority cultures. Natural cultures have a tendency to become mere extensions of inborn human qualities, as revealed in the very terms, “racial”, “national” and “sexual” differences in culture. To find one’s own cultural identity means merely to be faithful to one’s nature, one’s origins. Transcultural pursuits should aim to understand and overcome the limitations of one’s inborn culture, i.e. those secondary, “cultivated” deficiencies and restrictions where one’s cultural self is imprisoned. Ethnic and sexual minorities both in the United States and in contemporary Russia are anxious to promote their own values and to have opportunities to succeed on a national scale. This multicultural tendency is quite justified but needs to be supplemented by a transcultural perspective. Multiculturalism proceeds from the assumption that every ethnic, sexual, or class culture is important and perfect in itself, while transculture proceeds from the assumption that every particular culture is incomplete and requires interaction with other cultures.

VIII. Подберите к каждому термину из текста соответствующую дефиницию.

Multiplicity, transculture, minority, phenomenon, multiculturalism 1. A part of a population that is different in race, religion, or culture from most of the population.

2. An event or situation that can be seen to happen or exist; someone or something very impressive or surprising.

3. A large quantity or variety of things.

4. The belief and practice of giving equal importance to each of the different cultures in a society.

A process of interaction between cultures themselves; the mode of existence of one liberated from the identification with separate culture.

Поиск по сайту: