From the history of money

Why did people start using money? At first people exchanged things they had for things they needed. During their history people used different things as money: knives and rice in China, cattle in Babylonia, tobacco in America, whales´ teeth and shells on the Pacific islands.

The first government to make coins was the city of Lydia in Ancient Greece. The coins were made from mixture of gold and silver. In the 18 century France´s government became the first in Europe to make paper money – banknotes. But paper money, as well as first coins ever, was invented in China. Now people use plastic credit cards instead of cash. With your credit card you can take money from the cash-machine any time you need it.

Customs – обычаи

Celebrate – праздновать

Follow the custom – соблюдать обычай

Public – общественный

National – национальный

Religious – религиозный

Celebration – празднование

Gift – подарок

Present – дарить

Observe traditions – соблюдать традиции

Congratulate on… - поздравлять с…

Congratulation – поздравление

Decorate with… – украшать (чем-либо)

Send cards – посылать открытки

Watch fireworks – смотреть фейерверки

See … in – встречать (праздник)

Have a party – устраивать вечеринку

Christmas – Рождество

Independence Day – День Независимости

Easter – Пасха

Invite guests – приглашать гостей

Have a good time – хорошо проводить время

Take part in… - принимать участие

Proud of – гордиться

Behave – вести себя

Good manners – хорошие манеры

Souvenirs – сувениры

Victory Day – День Победы

Customs and traditions in Britain

Every nation and every country has its own customs and traditions. In Britain traditions play a more important part in the life of the people than in other countries. Holidays are especially rich in old traditions. Most of official or bank holidays in England are religious holidays. For example, Christmas is the most popular bank holiday. It is celebrated on the 25^th of December. On this day many people go to churches, open their Christmas presents, decorate Christmas tree, eat a Christmas dinner of roast turkey and Christmas pudding. Christmas is the most exciting time of the year for the children and the adults. Children find their presents in their socks and shoes. St. Valentine’s Day is the holiday for people in love. It is celebrated on the 14^th of February. On that day people send Valentine cards and presents to their husbands, wives, boy-friends and girl-friends. Some British newspapers have a page for Valentine’s Day messages on February 14.

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