Global problems require global solutions

POLITICAL UNION AND DEFENCE

Peace and reconciliation are central points of the European integration.

EC was meant to become a mediator and a stabilizing force in world affairs.

EDC –EUROPEAN DEFENCE COMMUNITY - the plans to organize it failed (1954).

WEU – WESTERN EUROPEAN UNION (1948) - (FRG and ITALY joined it together with France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxemburg and the UK) for mutual assistance and political consultations on political on military matters.

NATO together with the US and Canada for 40 years guaranteed the security in Western Europe.

EPC – EUROPEAN POLITICAL COOPERATION (1986) -

A forum for mutual consultation and coordination at intergovernmental level to ensure a consistent approach to foreign policy. It was the responsibility of the Eur. Council and the Council of Foreign Ministers. It proved useful in ensuring a consistent approach to foreign policy and adopting a common position within international organizations.

Geopolitical changes (1989):

The collapse of the Warsaw Pact,

The unification of Germany,

The disintegration of the Soviet Union

The resurgence of nationalist tensions,

The civil war and the break up of Yugoslavia.

POLITICAL UNION (1991) was the move on political cooperation (MAASTRICHT) – to ensure common foreign and security policy.

THE OBJECTIVES:

To safeguard the common values, fundamental interests and independence of the Union;

To preserve peace and strengthen the security of the Union and international security;

To promote international cooperation;

To develop and consolidate democracy and the rule of law, and respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms.

Basic principles:

Joint action,

Common defense.

The ultimate goal is to create a full-blown Union with a strategic and military dimension.

The WEU (Spain and Portugal joined it in1990) has a 108-member Assembly based in Paris and a Council of Ministers with the secretariat in London but to be transferred to Brussels. It is regarded the European pillar of the Atlantic Alliance.

CSCE – Conference on Security and Cooperation (1991) – the central forum for political consultations together with the WEU and the new EU are meant to cover all European states, the former countries of the SU:

1. To create a political order;

To withstand nationalistic and terrorist threats in the world. European Union uses its power in the interests of others as well as itself.

The EU promotes prosperity and supports democratic values around the world; at the same time it thereby helps to consolidate stability and well-being for the citizens within its frontiers. Integration of new countries into the EU strengthens its role on the international scene.

The EU is the world’s biggest trader; but it is also the biggest provider of aid to developing countries. It has created a more pro-active foreign and security policy with the capacity to carry out crisis-management and peace-keeping missions within Europe and far beyond. In today’s complex world, the EU has added new tools to the traditional instruments of foreign policy. It has, for instance, taken the international lead in tackling the issue of global warming and climate change.

Global problems require global solutions.

European Union uses its power in the interests of others as well as itself. The EU promotes prosperity and supports democratic values around the world; at the same time it thereby helps to consolidate stability and well-being for the citizens within its frontiers. Integration of new countries into the EU strengthens its role on the international scene.

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