QUESTIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL WORK

1. What components are involved in mechanics?

2. What is a paragraph, and what information is found in a paragraph?

3. What is an anecdote?

4. When supporting a topic sentence, what is a specific instance that explains an idea?

5. What are the three components of a definition? Give an example of a definition.

6. What is the difference between connotations and denotations?

7. What is the difference between literal language and figurative language?

8. What are two aspects of figurative language commonly used in writing?

9. Prewriting is the first stage of the writing process. What does the writer do during the prewriting stage?

10. What does the writer do during the drafting process?

11. What are three different forms a writer can choose during the prewriting process?

12. What are three components of narration?

13. Why is dialogue helpful and interesting for the reader?

14. Why is a good introduction important for a writer?

15. What are two ways a writer can elaborate on a topic? Give an example of each strategy.

16. What is an analogy, and why do writers use them?

17. What are some characteristics of a myth?

18. What is a hypothesis, and when does the writer use them?

19. How can a writer test his or her hypotheses?

20. When do writers synthesize information?

21. What are two strategies a writer can use to develop a Problem/Solution paper?

22. When do writers use persuasion as a strategy?

23. Why are pronouns like you or we in persuasive writing particularly effective?

24. What is one way a writer can be interested in his or her own research report?

25. Why is it important to list everything you know about your research report topic before you begin writing?

26. What are four components of an effective research report?

27. Why does a writer develop a statement of controlling purpose?

28. What are three possible variants of statements of controlling purpose?

29. What information is usually contained in the introduction?

30. Give four strategies to writing an effective introduction, and provide examples for each of the strategies.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

American Patchwork. English Language Programs Division. Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. USA Information Agency, 1995. –214 p.

Burgess Antony. English Literature. Longman, 1998.

A Book of Nonfiction 1. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers. Orlando, –1983.

A.Martin, R.Hill. Modern Novels. Prentice Hall International,1996. –287 p.

McKay, Petitt Dorothi. Prentice Hall Regents. Englewood Cliffs. New Jersey, 1984.

Stevenson D.K. American Life and Institutions. U.S. Information Agency Washington DC, 1994.

The prose reader: essays for thinking, reading and writing/ (compiled by) Kim Flachmann, Michael Flachmann. – 4^th ed. California State University. Bakersfield, 1995. – 678 p.

The McGraw-Hill Introduction to literature. Gilbert H. Muller, John A.Williams. – McGraw-Hill, Inc. – New York. - 2nd ed.,1995. – 1148 p.

Gerald Levin Prose Models. Harcout Brace College Publishers– 10^th ed. – New York, 1996. – 628p.

Nobel Lectures, Literature 1981-1990, Editor-in-Charge Tore Frängsmyr, Editor Sture Allén, World Scientific Publishing Co. – Singapore, 1993.

R.Ford The Granta Book of the American Short Story. – Granta Books with association with Penguin Group. London. – 1993. – 704p.

[1] ingenuous - natural; straightforward.

[2] Eulenspiegel - Tyll Eulenspiegel, legendary hero of a folk tale popular in sixteenth-century Germany, relating the pranks, adventures, and misadventures of a wandering jack-of-all-trades

[3] scantlings - scrap wood

[4]augured - gave promise or indication of

[5]calliope - the muse of heroic poetry

[6]hoyden – a girl treated like a boy

[7]bonanza - a situation from which large profits are made

[8] stope - a type of excavation for removing ore from the ground

[9] accolade - acknowledgement or award

[10] beer tube - beer hall

[11] unmonitored - unobserved; unwatched

[12] vista -outlook; prospect

[13] discrepancy -difference

[14] acquiescence -passive consent

[15] vilify -denounce

[16] ambiguous -uncertain; capable of being interpreted in more than one way

[17] incongruous -inconsistent

[18] inhibited - discouraged; hindered

[19] most perspicacious -most able to see clearly; shrewdest; of acute mental discernment

[20] admonition - advice or warning

[21] belittling - causing to seem less

[22] inertia - the inability or unwillingness to act

[23] antithesis - direct opposite

[24] genesis - origin

[25] rationalizations - explanations which are plausible and reasonable but which fail to examine the true, often hidden, motives behind a decision or an action

[26] Willie Sutton - for years Sutton had topped the FBI’s “Most Wanted” list. He was arrested in 1952 and spent 17 years in jail

[27] rowels - the spiked disks on spurs

[28] centaur - in classical mythology, the centaurs were a fabled race of beasts having the head, arms, and trunk of a man and the legs and body of a horse

[29] fistula – sinus (medical)

[30] malignancy - is the tendency of a medical condition, especially tumors, to become progressively worse and to potentially result in death.

[31] reminiscent - stimulating memories

[32] pungent - sharply affecting the organs of taste or smell, as if by a penetrating power; biting; acrid

[33] succumbed - to yield to disease

[34] lurk - to exist unperceived or unsuspected

[35] inference - the act or process of inferring

[36] plethora - superfluity or excess

[37] spatial - having extension in space

[38] Adrian Wallwork - a freelance journalist. He has taught English in Italy and is currently writing an English grammar for Italians

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