The Use of Articles

Task 12 Read the following sentences and explain why there is no article in them:

Poland is in Europe. My friend lives at this hostel. We study Biology, Anatomy and Histology. He is ill with tuberculosis. Professor Ivanenko lives here.

Task 13 Explain the use or absence of article in the following sentences:

Kyiv stands on the Dnipro. The Black Sea is in the south. They went to the Karpathian mountains. He gets a stipend. They are adults. Kharkiv is a large industrial city. Is he ill with tuberculosis? My father works at a surgical department of the clinic.

Task 14 Review “The Plural Form of the Noun”.

Memorize!

- Nouns in English form their plural number by adding the ending –s which is pronounced [s] after voiceless consonants, and [z] after voiced consonants and vowels.

- After sibilants the plural ending is spelt –es and pronounced [iz].

- Some nouns ending in f or fe change f and fe in ves which is pronounced [vz].

- Nouns ending in a consonant + y change y into ies in the plural.

- A few nouns form the plural by changing the root vowel.

Task 15 Write down the following sentences in the plural form:

1 She was a nurse. 2 He is a child. 3 The box is on the table.

4 I am a young man. 5 I shall be a doctor.

Task 16 Review “The Pronoun”.

Pronouns are classified into:

1) Personal Pronouns (I, he she, it, we you, they)

2) Possessive Pronouns (my, his, her, its, our, your, their)

3) Reflexive Pronouns (myself, himself, herself, yourself, itself, themselves, ourselves)

4) Demonstrative Pronouns (this, these, that, those)

5) Interrogative Pronouns (who, whom, whose, what, which)

6) Negative Pronouns (nobody, no one, nothing, neither, none, no)

7) Indefinite Pronouns (some, any, somebody, anybody, something, anything, anyone, someone)

Task 17 Translate the pronouns given in brackets:

1 I see (його) and (його) sister. 2 We know (їх) and (їхніх) children. 3 She teaches (нас) Biology. 4 (Наш) Institute is in Sanatorna Street. 5 He likes (свою) work. 6 I see a car. I see (її) well. (Її) color is black. 7 Do you know (його) and (його) brothers? 8 He meets (мене) every day.

Task 18 Read the text. Entitle it. Rewrite the names of the subjects from the text. Get ready to discuss it:

Our Medical Institute was founded in 1992 and at first it was a faculty of the Sumy State University. As in all Ukrainian medical institutes, the course of studies is six years. During this period the students master the basis of theoretical and practical medicine.

For two years the students learn the so-called preclinical subjects, such as Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Human Anatomy, Histology and others.

The students have clinical subjects from the third to the fifth year. During the three-year period the students learn to diagnose different diseases, to carry out laboratory analyses and to treat people for these diseases.

At the end of the third year all the students have a six-week practical training. During this period they work as nurses. After their 4^th year the students have another practical training. It lasts for eight weeks. During the second practical training they work as doctors’ assistants at the therapeutic, surgical and other departments. After the 5^th year the students have a six-week practical training at a polyclinic. So in five years the students gain the knowledge necessary for a general practitioner.

In the 6^th year the students gain more experience in one of the three main clinical subjects: Therapy, Surgery or Obstetrics.

When the students complete subinternship they get their work appointment. But before they begin to work at the place of their appointment they work as interns at a large hospital.

Such a system when a young doctor specializes for two years in one field of medicine helps to prepare necessary specialists.

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