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General considerations. Theme. Stylistic semasiology
Lecture 6
Theme. Stylistic semasiology. Lexico-semantic stylistic devices. Figures of substitution
Aims: to define the notions of lexico-semantic stylistic devices, figures of substitution; to introduce the difference between figures of quantity and figures of quality; to introduce the role of hyperbole, meiosis, litotes, metonymy, metaphor, irony in the texts.
Plan
1. General considerations.
2. Figures of quantity:
- hyperbole;
- meiosis (litotes).
3. Figures of quality:
- metaphor (antonomasia, personification, allegory, epithet);
- metonymy (synecdoche, periphrasis, euphemism);
- irony.
Literature
1. Арнольд И. В. Стилистика современного английского языка. -М., 1990.-С. 74-93
2. Кузнец М. Д., Скребнев Ю. М. Стилистика английского языка. -Л., 1960.-С. 13-27, 35-36, 38-41.Мороховский А. Н., Воробьева О. П. и др. Стилистика английского языка. - К., 1991. - С. 164-186.
3. Kukharenko V. A. Seminars in style. - Moscow, 1991. - P. 24-26.
4. Galperin I. R. Stylistics. - Moscow, 1981. - P. 139-148, 157-162, 169-177, 246-248.
Contents
General considerations
Among multiple functions of the word the main one is to denote, denotational meaning thus being the major semantic characteristic of the word. We shall deal with the foregrounding of this particular function, i.e. with such types of denoting phenomena that create additional expressive, evaluative, subjective connotations. We shall deal in fact with the substitution of the existing names approved by long usage and fixed in dictionaries by new, occasional, individual ones, prompted by the speaker's subjective original view and evaluation of things. This act of name-exchange, of substitution is traditionally referred to as transference, for, indeed, the name of one object is transferred onto another, proceeding from their similarity (of shape, colour, function, etc.), or closeness (of material existence, cause/effect, instrument/result, part/whole relations, etc.).
Each type of intended substitution results in a stylistic device (SD) called also a trope.
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