LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES

The safety of a vessel and her crew is the Master’s responsibility who must ensure seaworthyness and experienced crew. He also must ensure sufficient number of safety equipment which is properly maintained and stowed. The crew has to know where it is kept and how it is used. All vessels must comply with the laws of their country of registration and relevant, applicable Shipping Act or Regulations regarding safety precau­tions and life saving appliances.

What concerns life jackets at least one approved must be for every person on board. It is recommended that they are equip­ped with a whistle and a light. They must be stowed ready at hand.

A Safety Harness should be worn by all sailors on deck in heavy weather or during the hours of darkness or restricted visibility. There must be an adequate number of strong-points on the vessel to which safety harnesses can be attached. There are lifebuoys of either circular or horseshoe shape of adequate size and buoyancy. Both must be carried on deck, ready for ins­tant use; one must be within easy reach of the helmsman and equipped with a self-igniting buoy-light and dan marker.

Hundreds of lives have been saved by liferafts and in several cases the weather was such that a conventional lifeboat would have been useless. Liferafts vary in size from a 4 man up to a 42 man. All liferafts are capable of carrying double the numbers for which they are certified. Liferafts must be carried on deck or in a special stowage opening immediately. They must be capable of being launched within 30 seconds», They have two separate buoyancy compartments each, of which is automatically inflatable and are capable to carry its rated capacity with on compartment deflated.

Strong and effective lifelines of wire rope or metal tube, or a combination of both ought to be fitted right round the vessel including bow and stern without a break.

Their height from deck level equals 61 cm Lowering of the lifeboat may call for considerable preparation. The danger of the lifeboat swinging heavily against the ship's side while being lowered, and sustaining grievious damage before she is in the water, is so imminent that it will usually be advisable to pass two wires under the bottom of the boat.

II. NOTES:

1. safety precautions - меры безопасности

2. harness - рангоут и такелаж, привязные ремни

3. buoyancy - плавучесть, -надводное положение

4. dan marker - поплавок

5. inflatable - надутый воздухом

6. deflate- выпускать воздух

7. lifelines- спасательный леер (трос), бортовой леер.

8. bowsprit - бушприт

9. lifebuoys - спасательныйкруг

10. life saving appliances - приспособления для спасения жизни на море

III. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

1.What regulations must any ship comply with?

2.How many life jackets must be on board a ship?

3.Where do we secure safety harnesses?

4.How do liferafts vary?

5.Why may lowering of the lifeboat call for considerable preparation?

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